RSI cov tub rog sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Anzio choj taub hau

Kev them nyiaj yug rau Italian 81mm mortar thaum hluav taws.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 22, 1944, hauv Ltalis, nyob ze lub nroog Anzio, nyob rau tom qab ntawm German units, XNUMXth American Corps (tom qab ntawd kuj tau txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tub rog Askiv) tau tsaws raws li kev txib ntawm General John Lucas. Lawv lub hom phiaj yog hla lub fortifications ntawm Gustav Kab, txiav tawm nws cov neeg tiv thaiv los ntawm tus so ntawm German pab tub rog nyob rau hauv ltalis, thiab qhib txoj kev mus rau Rome sai li sai tau. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv yog ib feem ntawm German XNUMXth Parachute Corps ntawm General Alfred Schlermm thiab LXXVI Panzer Corps ntawm General Trugott Erra. Cov Germans hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam cov phooj ywg tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg Italian los ntawm Pawg Tub Rog ntawm Italian Social Republic.

Lub capitulation ntawm ltalis rau Anglo-American rog thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 8, 1943 provoked ib qho kev tawm tsam tam sim ntawd los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, uas ua txhaum lub Pact ntawm hlau txuas lawv mus rau Ltalis thiab tawm tsam Italian cov tub rog nyob rau yav qab teb Fabkis, lub Balkans, tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Ltalis nws tus kheej. Cov tub rog Italian tau dhau los sai sai thiab feem ntau ntawm lub tebchaws poob rau hauv German txoj haujlwm. Vajntxwv, tsoom fwv thiab feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog huab tais tau tso tseg hauv thaj chaw uas cov phoojywg nyob. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 23, 1943, hauv thaj chaw tswj hwm los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Benito Mussolini, tau tso tawm los ntawm kev ua phem los ntawm German paratroopers, tshaj tawm lub xeev tshiab - Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana, RSI).

Ntxiv rau cov tub rog hauv av - Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano (ENR) - Mussolini tsoomfwv, tso siab rau lub teb chaws Yelemees cov phooj ywg, tau xa ib chav Waffen-SS los tawm tsam nyob rau sab ntawm Thib Peb Reich, uas txog 20 tus neeg dhau mus. cov tub ceev xwm, cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub rog thiab tub rog (hauv "cov ntawv sau siab" thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1944, nws suav txog 15 1944 tus neeg). Thaum lub sij hawm tsim, chav tsev hu ua Italienische Freiwilligen Verland (SS Italiana Legion), nyob rau hauv lub Peb Hlis 1 nws tau reorganized rau hauv 1. Italienische Freiwilligen Sturmbrigade (1a Brigata d'Assalto), nyob rau lub Rau Hli mus rau 9st Sturmbrigade Italienische Freiwilligen Cuaj hlis nws twb yog 1th SS Grenadier Brigade (Italian No. 1945), thiab nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 29, ib tug faib tau tsim hu ua 1th SS Grenadier Division (Italian No. 28). Nws cov thawj coj yog: txij lub Kaum Hli 1943, 28 - SS-Brigadeführer Peter Hansen (thaum lub Kaum Hli 6 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1943, 10, SS Standartenführer Gustav Lombard tau txib), txij lub Tsib Hlis 1944, 20 - SS Oberführer Otto Jungkunz, thiab 1944 g. - SS Standartenführer Konstantin Heldmann. Tus neeg soj ntsuam ntawm Italian Waffen-SS units yog Waffen-Brigadeführer Pietro Manelli. Chav tsev no yeej tsis tau ua haujlwm raws li kev tsim cov compact. Italian SS Legion, tsim los ntawm Pab Pawg Ua Haujlwm Pabcuam Tub Rog Tub Rog (Milizia Armata), muaj peb pawg tub rog tub rog thiab cov tub rog ywj pheej nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb Ltalis.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 10, 1943, RSI (Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana, ANR) tau tsim. Lub Folgore Parachute Regiment (Reggimento Paracadutisti "Folgore") kuj yog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Agricultural Property Agency. Ob hnub tom qab, nyob rau hauv teb rau kev hu ntawm legendary Colonel Ernesto Botto, tsim ntawm aviation units pib. Botto yog ib tug tub rog tsav mus rau lub hauv paus, nws tsis nres ya txawm tias tom qab txiav nws ceg. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tau txais lub npe "Iron Leg". Tsis tas li ntawd, nws paub Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen (tus thawj coj ntawm German Air Fleet 2) zoo heev, uas tau nyiam nws txoj haujlwm thiab ua siab loj. Tsis ntev, 7 tus neeg tau sib sau ua ke rau tus tub ceev xwm qhov kev thov rov hais dua ntawm cov tshav dav hlau sib txawv. pilots thiab aviation technicians. Ntxiv rau Adriano Visconti, cov kws tsav dav hlau xws li Hugo Drago, Mario Bellagambi thiab Tito Falconi, nrog rau cov neeg tawg rog nto moo xws li Marino Marini (tshem tawm tom qab raug tua saum Mediterranean los ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm German U-boat U-331. Lub Ob Hlis 1942), Carlo Fagioni, Irnerio Bertuzzi thiab Ottone Sponza.

Ntawm qhov pib ntawm Capt. Carlo Fagioni, lub torpedo bomber squadron yog tsim los ntawm Florence tshav dav hlau, pib muaj 3 Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 aircraft. Tsis ntev nws raug thauj mus rau Venice thiab nruab nrog 12 lub tshuab ntawm tib hom. Nyob rau 1 Lub Ib Hlis 1944, peb Gruppo Autonomo Aeroiluranti "Buscaglia" squadrons mus txog kev npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua. Chav tsev tau raug hu ua tus thawj coj ntawm 281st Squadron thiab tom qab ntawd 132nd Bombardment Squadron, Major V. Carlo Emanuel Buscaglia. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 12, 1942, nws raug tua los ntawm Spitfire fighter nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tawm tsam cov Allied ships nyob rau hauv lub chaw nres nkoj ntawm Bougi nyob rau hauv Algiers, tshaj tawm tias tuag thiab posthumously muab lub kub puav pheej "For Valor". Hauv kev nco txog nws, cov npoj yaig hu ua chav tsev tshiab tom qab nws 1.

RSI Navy (Marina Nazionale Repubblicana, MNR) tau tsim rau lub Cuaj Hlis 30, 1943. Cov Germans tsis tso siab rau lawv cov phooj ywg, yog li feem ntau ntawm Italian nkoj lawv ntes tau (los yog poob, thiab tom qab ntawd tsa thiab rov tsim kho) nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Kriegsmarine. chij, nrog cov thawj coj German - txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw tseem muaj cov neeg tsav nkoj Italian (raws li ib feem ntawm cov neeg coob). Vim li no, ob peb chav tau suav nrog hauv MPR. Cov nkoj loj tshaj plaws ntawm RSI Navy yog lub nkoj torpedo (6 loj thiab 18 nruab nrab), ntxiv rau, lawv muaj submarines (3 nruab nrab, 1 me me thiab 14 me me; ntawm 5 tom kawg ua haujlwm hauv Hiav Txwv Dub), cov neeg yos hav zoov submarine (6 -7), yam tsawg kawg yog 1 minesweeper thiab ob peb lub kaum os (dozens?) auxiliary patrol nkoj. Cov yav tas yog subordinate rau German chaw nres nkoj kev ruaj ntseg flotillas (Hafenschutzflottille) nyob rau hauv Venice, Genoa thiab La Spezia. Tej zaum MPR kuj muaj corvette rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Tsis tas li ntawd, "dub fleet" (lub thiaj li hu ua RSI fleet) manned anti-aircraft txoj hauj lwm ntawm cruisers nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho: Caio Mario nyob rau hauv Genoa, Vesuvio thiab Etna nyob rau hauv Trieste.