Ib tug resistor yog ib tug ob-terminal passive hluav taws xob tivthaiv uas muab hluav taws xob tsis kam raws li ib tug Circuit Court yam txwv tsis pub khiav ntawm hluav taws xob tam sim no. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob circuits rau kev sib cais voltage, tam sim no txo, suab suppression thiab lim. Tab sis tus resistor yog loj dua li ntawd. Yog li yog tias koj yog tus tshiab rau hluav taws xob lossis tsuas yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog qhov resistor yog dab tsi, ces qhov kev tshaj tawm blog no yog rau koj! Dab tsi yog qhov resistor ua nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob Circuit Court? Lub resistor yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tswj cov kev khiav ntawm cov tam sim no hauv Circuit Court thiab muab kev tiv thaiv rau hluav taws xob tam sim no. Resistors tiv thaiv surges, surges thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ncav cuag rhiab electronics xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob digital. Resistor cim thiab chav ntsuas ntsuas Qhov ntsuas tsis kam yog…

Ib lub diode yog ob lub davhlau ya nyob twg hluav taws xob uas txwv tsis pub khiav ntawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thiab tso cai rau nws ntws mus rau hauv qhov sib txawv. Nws muaj ntau yam siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob circuits thiab yuav siv tau los tsim rectifiers, inverters, thiab generators. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav ua tib zoo saib seb lub diode yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Peb kuj tseem yuav saib qee qhov ntawm nws cov kev siv hauv hluav taws xob circuits. Yog li cia peb pib! Lub diode ua haujlwm li cas? Lub diode yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tso cai rau tam sim no ntws mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia. Lawv feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob circuits. Lawv ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv semiconductor uas lawv tau tsim, uas tuaj yeem yog N-hom lossis P-hom. Yog tias lub diode yog N-hom, nws yuav dhau tam sim no ...

Lub relay yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ntws ntawm hluav taws xob hauv ib lub voj voog. Lub relay tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ib zaug thiab de-energized ntawm lwm qhov. Qhov no tso cai rau lub relay qhib thiab kaw, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam thiab kho cov hluav taws xob circuits. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm blog no qhia koj txog yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum paub txog cov relays. Yog li yog tias koj xav paub txog cov relays, nyeem ntxiv! Lub relay siv rau dab tsi? Lub relay tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam khoom. Piv txwv li, lub tsheb pib muaj ob peb relays uas tswj tej yam xws li roj twj tso kua mis thiab ignition coils. Lawv kuj muaj ntau yam hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev xws li lub toaster lossis lub tub yees. Qhov tseeb, feem ntau cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev niaj hnub muaj ntau qhov kev sib txuas.…

Multimeter qhia 50 milliamps li 0.05 amps ntawm qhov screen. Yog koj nug li cas? Nyob nrog peb vim tias, nyob rau hauv cov ntawv blog no, peb yuav saib zoo li cas 50 milliamps zoo li ntawm ib qho multimeter! Multimeter yog dab tsi thiab nws ua dab tsi? Multimeter yog ib qho cuab yeej uas ntsuas ntau yam khoom hluav taws xob, suav nrog qhov voltage, tam sim no thiab tsis kam. Nws tuaj yeem siv los kuaj cov roj teeb, xaim thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Multimeters feem ntau muaj ntau qhov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab kev ntsuas tam sim no, nrog rau ntau qhov kev ntsuas sib txawv. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas cov capacitors thiab diodes. Multimeter yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws…

Koj puas paub tias transformer yog dab tsi? Peb tau txais koj! Lub transformer yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas hloov hluav taws xob ntawm ob lossis ntau lub voj voog. Transformers yog siv los nce lossis txo qhov voltage ntawm AC (alternating tam sim no) teeb liab. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog tag nrho. Cia peb saib ze dua ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo no! Keeb kwm ntawm lub Transformer Lub transformer yog tsim los ntawm ib tug American engineer ntawm Hungarian keeb kwm hu ua Otto Blaty nyob rau hauv 1884. Nws ntseeg tau tias nws tau txais kev tshoov siab los tsim cov cuab yeej tom qab pom qhov kev sim ua tsis tiav uas cuam tshuam txog kev hla hluav taws xob los ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Transformer Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv yog ua raws li lub tswv yim ntawm induction. Thaum lub zog siv rau ib lub kauj, nws tsim lub zog hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv lwm lub kauj, uas ua rau nws ua cov hlau nplaum polarized. Qhov kawg…

Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi phem dua li cov hlau uas tsis muaj hlau. Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas ntxuav koj cov hlau soldering thiab qee cov lus qhia kom nws nyob rau hauv qhov zoo. Koj yuav pom peb txoj hauv kev yooj yim los ntxuav koj lub taub hau soldering kom nws zoo li koj nyuam qhuav yuav nws. Cov cim qhia txog kev ntxuav tsis ua haujlwm kom raug Thaum cov hlau tsis ua haujlwm zoo, nws feem ntau yog vim lub hau tsis huv. Yog hais tias lub hau yog qias neeg, lub solder yuav tsis lo rau nws thiab kev sib txuas yuav tsis muaj zog. Siv sij hawm ntev los ua kom sov Yog tias koj pom tias koj cov hlau soldering yuav siv sij hawm ntev los ua kom sov, nws txhais tau hais tias nws qhov oxidized tsis tso cai rau nws tawm kom sov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, corroded ib feem ua raws li ib tug insulator. Zoo li koj tab tom sim ...

Koj puas paub yuav ua li cas tso lub capacitor? Yog tsis yog, tsis txhob txhawj! Nov yog cov lus qhia kawg rau kev tso tawm cov capacitors. Peb yuav piav qhia txog ntau txoj hauv kev uas koj tuaj yeem siv los tso tawm lub capacitor. nyab xeeb ib kauj ruam. Lub capacitor yog dab tsi thiab nws yog dab tsi? Lub capacitor yog ib qho cuab yeej tsim los khaws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws ua qhov no los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob ntawm ob daim hlau. Thaum voltage yog siv, nws tsub lub capacitor. Lub capacitance ntawm lub capacitor yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm tus nqi uas nws tuaj yeem khaws thiab feem ntau yog hais hauv farads. Capacitors ua haujlwm zoo li cov roj teeb uas tuaj yeem siv tau hauv AC circuits. Lawv ua lawv txoj haujlwm ntawm kev khaws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab xa mus rau lwm qhov hauv Circuit Court. Vim li cas capacitors yuav tsum tau tso tawm? Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, capacitors khaws hluav taws xob thiab ...

Thaum nws los txog rau soldering, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kom paub tseeb tias koj cov hlau soldering nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua ntej koj pib. Yog hais tias lub hau tsis kub txaus, lub solder yuav tsis ntws zoo thiab koj yuav xaus nrog cov solder phem. Yog li ntev npaum li cas cov hlau soldering yuav siv sij hawm kom sov? Peb tau sim ntau yam ntawm cov hlau soldering, cia saib cov txiaj ntsig. Thaum nws los txog ntev npaum li cas cov hlau soldering siv kom sov, tsis muaj lus teb meej. Nws nyob ntawm hom thiab qauv ntawm cov hlau, nrog rau qhov kub npaum li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov hlau siv 30 vib nas this mus rau ib feeb kom ncav cuag cua sov. Yog tias koj maj nrawm, ntawm no yog ob peb lub tswv yim los pab ua kom ceev cov txheej txheem. Cia peb saib cov txiaj ntsig ...

Koj puas muaj teeb hauv koj lub tsev uas koj xav kom dim? Yog tias muaj, koj yuav xav tau TRIAC dimmer. Hauv tsab ntawv blog no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi TRIAC dimmer yog thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Dab tsi yog triac dimmer A TRIAC dimmer yog hom hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem siv los dim teeb. Nws ua haujlwm los ntawm kev hloov pauv lub zog muab rau lub teeb pom kev zoo. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv tsev los tswj incandescent los yog halogen teeb, tab sis nws kuj siv tau los tswj lub cev muaj zog hwj chim. TRIAC dimmers tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam dua vim tias lawv muaj ntau qhov zoo dua li cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj. Ua ntej, TRIAC dimmers muaj zog ntau dua li lub teeb hloov pauv. Lawv kuj…

Lub oscilloscope yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv rau txhua tus neeg uas xav ua haujlwm nrog suab. Qhov no tso cai rau koj pom cov waveforms, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho cov teeb meem suab. Hauv tsab ntawv blog no, peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas siv oscilloscope rau lub suab. Lub oscilloscope ua dab tsi? Ib qho oscilloscope yog ib qho cuab yeej hluav taws xob siv hauv ntau qhov chaw los tso saib cov teeb liab hluav taws xob. Ib qho oscilloscope qhia lub waveform ntawm lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, yog li nws yog siv los saib cov suab paj nruag. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob hloov cov cim hluav taws xob mus rau hauv nthwv dej thiab qhia lawv ntawm lub vijtsam duab uas muaj x-axis thiab y-axis. Lub oscilloscope cais lub suab rau hauv kev siv zog / amplitude thiab hloov kev siv lub sijhawm. Thaum lub y-axis qhia qhov kev siv ntawm lub suab, qhov kev hloov ntawm kev siv lub sij hawm tau tshwm sim ...

Hauv phau ntawv qhia luv luv thiab yooj yim no, peb yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas kho cov hlau tawg yam tsis muaj kev sib tsoo. Qhov no yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo rau cov neeg uas tsis paub yuav ua li cas solder los yog tsis muaj sij hawm los ua. Txhua yam koj xav tau yog ob peb yam yooj yim thiab qee cov kab xev! Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov rwb thaiv tsev? Stripping hlau rwb thaiv tsev yog txheej txheem ceev thiab yooj yim uas tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov cuab yeej stripping. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm cov hlau, thawj zaug txiav tawm cov rwb thaiv tsev ntau dhau nrog cov pliers ntse. Tom qab ntawd nias lub stripping cuab tam tiv thaiv cov hlau thiab ntswj nws kom strip lub rwb thaiv tsev. Tom qab koj tau tshem cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab tooj liab los ntawm cov hlau, koj tuaj yeem pib kho cov hlau tawg. Wago connector txoj kev - lub zog: siab Wago connectors…

Ib qho oscilloscope yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb siv hauv ntau qhov chaw rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Thaum lub hom phiaj ntawm lub oscilloscope tsuas yog ntsuas hluav taws xob cov teeb liab thiab kawm txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas kuj tseem siv tau thaum daws teeb meem hluav taws xob circuits. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txiaj ntsig koj tau txais nrog oscilloscope nyob ntawm seb nws zoo npaum li cas. Ib qho zoo-calibrated oscilloscope muab cov txiaj ntsig raug koj tuaj yeem tso siab tau, thaum lub ntsuas ntsuas tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam koj cov txiaj ntsig. Yog li ntawd, koj xav calibrate oscilloscope. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog yuav ua li cas ntsuas lub oscilloscope. Kab lus no muab cov lus qhia ua ntu zus rau calibrating oscilloscope. calibration yog dab tsi? Calibration feem ntau yog kev sib piv ntawm ob lub ntsuas ntsuas.…

Yog tias koj yog tus kws tshaj lij hluav taws xob lossis tsuas yog pib nrog hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsum paub txog ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Ib qho ntawm cov no yog microfarad. Yog li dab tsi yog lub npe ntawm microfarads ntawm lub multimeter? Cia peb teb lo lus nug no. Peb siv microfarads qhov twg? Microfarads yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov hluav taws xob sib txuas. Tab sis feem ntau koj yuav ntsib lawv thaum ntsuas lub capacitance ntawm lub capacitor. Lub capacitor yog dab tsi? Lub capacitor yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv los khaws cov nqi hluav taws xob. Nws muaj ob lub phaj hlau muab tso ze ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tsis zoo (hu ua dielectric) nyob nruab nrab. Thaum cov hluav taws xob tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub capacitor, nws tsub cov phiaj. Lub zog hluav taws xob khaws cia no tuaj yeem siv los ua hluav taws xob hluav taws xob…

ECU faulty feem ntau yog qhov ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub tsheb. Thaum lub ECU yuam kev tuaj yeem ua rau lub tsheb qhov hluav taws xob tsis pib, nws tuaj yeem txo qis kev lag luam roj. Yog li ntawd, koj xav paub thaum twg muaj teeb meem nrog koj lub tsheb lub cav tswj chav tsev thiab kho nws. Cov lus nug yog, yuav ua li cas los xyuas ECU nrog multimeter? Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam teeb meem yuav qhia tau tias ECU ua haujlwm tsis zoo, cov teeb meem zoo li no yuav yog vim lwm yam ua rau. Li no, koj qhov thawj koom ruam zoo tshaj plaws yog los daws koj lub ECU thiab txiav txim siab seb nws puas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov teeb meem nrog koj lub tsheb. Interestingly, lub multimeter yog ib qho cuab yeej yooj yim rau kev kuaj xyuas ECU. Nrog multimeter koj tuaj yeem teeb meem koj ECU thiab…

Cov tsheb tsim nyob rau hauv ntau xyoo niaj hnub no tau pab ua kom peb lub neej yooj yim dua. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb. Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj tswj tau lub cav thiab kis tau tus mob, nrog rau lwm yam tsheb, nrog rau ib tug yooj yim laub khawm? Zoo, nws tau ua nrog PCM (Powertrain Control Module). Cov kab lus no sai sai tso qee lub teeb rau qee yam ntawm cov khoom no koj yuav tsum paub thiab yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem siv lub multimeter los kuaj xyuas. Cia peb pib. PCM yog dab tsi hauv tsheb? Nws yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke rau koj Chav Tswj Xyuas Lub Cav (ECU) thiab Chaw Tswj Kev Sib Txuas Lus (TCU), ob lub tshuab computer tseem ceeb. Nws tseem hu ua ignition control module (ICM) lossis engine tswj module (ECM). Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li lwm yam ...