Armored armament ntawm Polish Army: 1933-1937
Armored armament ntawm Polish Army: 1933-1937
Kev pabcuam kev thaj yeeb ntawm Polish armored tsheb raws li cov cai tshwj xeeb yog lwm qhov teeb meem tsim nyog los tham txog hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tham dav dav txog kev npaj cov tub rog Polish rau kev ua tsov rog yav tom ntej. Qhov tsis zoo nkauj thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm thaj yeeb ntawm cov tub rog armored ib leeg tau raug tso tseg los ntawm cov teeb meem xws li kev tsim cov cuab yeej ua tub rog lossis cov kev sim txhua xyoo. Txawm hais tias tsis yog qhov zoo nkauj, xaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv riam phom muab ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog lub xeev ntawm cov riam phom no hauv qee lub xyoo.
Cov armored armament ntawm Polish Army nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 20s underwed ob peb reorganizations thiab hloov ua rau ib tug tib neeg units. Cov qauv ntawm cov ceg ntoo uas twb muaj lawm tau pom meej meej los ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab tus kheej tsim ntawm Renault FT tso tsheb hlau luam, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub peev xwm armored ntawm Republic of Poland. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 23, 1930, los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Minister of War, Command of Armored Armaments tau hloov mus rau hauv Command of Armored Arms (DowBrPanc.), uas yog lub cev lub luag haujlwm rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev cob qhia ntawm tag nrho cov armored units ntawm Polish Army. .
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-30s, kev sim tau ua nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm armored riam phom. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho ntawm lawv yog TK tank tsheb thauj khoom ntawm lub chassis ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom.
Cov koom haum tshaj lij suav nrog hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv no tau txais, thiab lwm yam, txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog tub rog thiab npaj cov lus qhia tshiab, cov cai thiab cov ntawv qhia. DowBrPanc nws tus kheej. yog lub siab tshaj plaws txoj cai nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum hierarchy, nruj me ntsis rau armored riam phom, tab sis kuj rau motorized units, yog li ntawd nws lub luag hauj lwm, ntxiv rau cov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Minister of War thiab tus thawj coj ntawm General neeg ua hauj lwm, yog txiav txim siab.
Tom qab lwm qhov kev hloov pauv ib ntus thaum ntxov xyoo 30, lwm lub tsev fuabtais tau ua rau xyoo 1933. Hloov chaw ntawm peb qhov uas twb muaj lawm armored regiments (Poznan, Zhuravitsa thiab Modlin), battalions ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam thiab armored tsheb tau tsim, thiab tag nrho cov units tau nce mus rau rau (Poznan, Zhuravitsa, Warsaw, Brest ntawm kab laum, Krakow thiab Lvov). ). Cov tub rog sib cais kuj tau nyob hauv Vilnius thiab Bydgoszcz, thiab hauv Modlin muaj lub tank thiab armored tsheb cob qhia chaw.
Yog vim li cas rau cov kev hloov pauv tau ua txij li thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo caum yog qhov tuaj txog ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub peev xwm ntawm domestic - high-ceev TK tso tsheb hlau luam, uas ntxiv rau yav tas los dominant low-speed tsheb thiab ob peb lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam. Yog li ntawd, thaum Lub Ob Hlis 25, 1935, cov tub rog uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov tsheb tub rog tau hloov mus rau hauv pawg tub rog. Cov chav nyob tau nce mus rau yim (Poznan, Zhuravitsa, Warsaw, Bzhest-nad-Bugem, Krakow, Lvov, Grodno thiab Bydgoszcz). Ob tug tub rog sib raug zoo ntxiv tau nyob hauv Lodz thiab Lublin, thiab lawv txoj kev nthuav dav tau npaj rau xyoo tom ntej.
Lub koom haum uas tau nthuav tawm tau siv sijhawm ntev tshaj plaws, txog thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, txawm tias qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau ua rau nws. Namely, lub Plaub Hlis 20, 1937, lwm lub tank battalion tau tsim, qhov chaw nres tsheb ntawm Lutsk (12th battalion). Nws yog thawj Polish armored unit los qhia cov tub rog ntawm R35 lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam yuav los ntawm Fabkis. Saib ntawm daim ntawv qhia, ib tus tuaj yeem pom tias feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog tub rog tau tso tseg nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tebchaws, uas tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov koog hla txhua tus ciam teb raug hem nyob rau lub sijhawm zoo sib xws.
Cov qauv tshiab kuj tsim lub hauv paus ntawm Polish cov kev pab cuam rau kev nthuav dav ntawm armored muaj peev xwm, npaj los ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm General thiab sib tham ntawm KSUS lub rooj sib tham. Cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua kom muaj nuj nqis ntxiv tau xav txog thaum lub sijhawm thib peb thiab plaub xyoo caum (koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntxiv txog nws hauv: "Plan for the expansion of Polish armored weapons 1937-1943", Wojsko i Technika Historia 2/2020). Tag nrho cov tub rog saum toj no tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog kev npaj cov xyoo tom ntej, kev cob qhia cov kws tshaj lij thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau hauv kev txaus ntshai. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev cob qhia, txhim kho cov teeb meem hauv lub koom haum thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo dua, lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1937, peb pawg tank tau tsim.
Kev pab
Peb yuav venture hais tias nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-30s yog lub sij hawm ntawm stabilization loj tshaj ntawm Polish armored riam phom. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv thiab maj mam nce qhov loj ntawm qhov tsim tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog muab lub zog ntawm kev sib piv nrog rau lwm lub teb chaws, tab sis kuj, tsawg kawg yog ob peb xyoos, ua kom lub zog thiab cov qauv ua npaws. Kev hloov kho tshiab tsis ntev los no ntawm Vickers tso tsheb hlau luam - hloov cov cuab yeej ntawm cov twj tso kua mis ntxaib, txhim kho ntxaib-turrets nrog 47-mm phom los yog rov tsim kho lub tshuab cua txias - tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev ua tiav, uas nyuaj rau kev nug. sij hawm.
Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis quav ntsej txog qhov kev tsim khoom txuas ntxiv ntawm TCS ntawm no. Tom qab tag nrho, cov tshuab ntawm hom no tau suav hais tias yog qhov kev txhim kho zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv lus Askiv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Polish 7TP tso tsheb hlau luam tau pib lawv txoj haujlwm hauv cov tub rog, ib yam li cov tub rog tshawb nrhiav, uas tau suav tias yog kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov qauv lus Askiv. Thaum kawg, qhov tsis muaj kev hem thawj tiag tiag txhais tau tias qhov kev pabcuam xyoo 1933-37 tuaj yeem ua tus cwj pwm ruaj khov dua. Txawm tias yog ib feem ntawm CWBrPanc. los yog BBTechBrPank. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb tau ua nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm tactics (kev ua hauj lwm ntawm armored motorized pab pawg neeg) thiab technology (qhov rov pib dua ntawm lub log-tracked tank project), lawv tsuas yog ib qho ntxiv rau cov kev pab cuam uas twb muaj lawm zoo nyob rau hauv raws li txoj cai. Cov lus qhia uas twb muaj lawm, xws li cov uas tau tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 1932. "Txoj Cai Tswjfwm siv riam phom armored", los ntawm 1934 "Cov Cai ntawm TC ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam". Sib ntaus", luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1935 "Kev cai ntawm armored thiab tsheb units". Ntu I ntawm Tub Rog Tub Rog thiab, thaum kawg, tus yuam sij, txawm tias tsis tau muab tso rau hauv kev siv kom txog thaum xyoo 1937, "Txoj Cai rau riam phom armored. Kev tawm dag zog nrog armored thiab automotive tsheb.
