Combat helicopters Kamow Ka-50 and Ka-52 part 1
Ib-lub rooj sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub Ka-50 nyob rau hauv kev pab cuam nrog tub rog aviation combat kev cob qhia chaw nyob rau hauv Torzhek. Thaum nws lub ncov, Lavxias Air Force tsuas siv rau Ka-50s; tus so yog siv rau rehearsals.
Lub Ka-52 yog qhov sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub ntawm tus qauv tsim tshwj xeeb nrog ob lub coaxial rotors, cov neeg coob ntawm ob tug zaum ntawm ib sab ntawm lub rooj zaum ejection, nrog cov riam phom muaj zog heev thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej, thiab nrog rau keeb kwm tseem ceeb tshaj. Nws thawj version, Ka-50 ib lub rooj sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub, tau mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom 40 xyoo dhau los, thaum Lub Rau Hli 17, 1982. Thaum lub nyoob hoom qav taub tom qab tau npaj txhij rau serial ntau lawm, Russia nkag mus rau hauv kev sib sib zog nqus nyiaj txiag ntsoog thiab cov nyiaj tau khiav tawm. Tsuas yog 20 xyoo tom qab ntawd, hauv 2011, kev xa mus rau cov tub rog ntawm kev hloov kho siab, ob lub rooj zaum ntawm Ka-52 tau pib. Txij li thaum Lub Ob Hlis 24 ntawm lub xyoo no, Ka-52 nyoob hoom qav taub tau koom nrog kev tawm tsam Lavxias tawm tsam Ukraine.
Hauv ib nrab xyoo 60, Nyab Laj Tsov Rog Nyab Laj tau ntsib "qhov nyoob hoom qav taub": tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas nyoob hoom qav taub tau nce los ntawm 400 xyoo 1965 txog 4000 xyoo 1970. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, qhov no tau soj ntsuam thiab cov kev kawm tau kawm. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 29, 1967, Mikhail Mil Design Bureau tau txais kev txiav txim los tsim lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub. Lub tswv yim ntawm Soviet combat nyoob hoom qav taub thaum lub sij hawm ntawd txawv dua li nyob rau sab hnub poob: ntxiv rau riam phom, nws kuj yuav tsum nqa ib pab tub rog. Lub tswv yim no tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog Soviet tom qab kev taw qhia ntawm BMP-1966 infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv Soviet Army hauv 1 xyoo. BMP-1 nqa yim tus tub rog, muaj cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab tau ua tub rog nrog 2-mm 28A73 rab phom tsis muaj zog thiab Malyutka tiv thaiv lub tank coj missile. Nws siv tau qhib qhov tshiab tactical possibilities rau hauv av rog. Los ntawm no lub tswv yim tau sawv mus ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab cov neeg tsim lub nyoob hoom qav taub yuam kom "flying infantry fight tsheb."
Nyob rau hauv qhov project ntawm Ka-25F tub rog nyoob hoom qav taub los ntawm Nikolai Kamov, cav, gearboxes thiab rotors los ntawm Ka-25 marine nyoob hoom qav taub tau siv. Nws poob hauv kev sib tw rau Mikhail Mil's Mi-24 helicopter.
Tsuas yog Mikhail Mil raug txib thawj zaug, raws li Nikolai Kamov "ib txwm" ua tub rog nyoob hoom qav taub; nws tsuas yog ua haujlwm nrog lub nkoj thiab tsis raug coj mus rau hauv tus account los ntawm tub rog aviation. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Nikolai Kamov kawm txog qhov kev txiav txim rau tub rog sib ntaus sib tua nyoob hoom qav taub, nws kuj tau thov nws txoj haujlwm.
Lub tuam txhab Kamov tau tsim cov qauv tsim ntawm Ka-25F (pem hauv ntej-kab, tactical), hais txog nws tus nqi qis los ntawm kev siv cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws qhov tseeb Ka-25 naval nyoob hoom qav taub, uas tau tsim ntau ntawm Ulan-Ude cog txij lub Plaub Hlis 1965. Qhov tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm Ka-25 yog lub hwj chim chav tsev, lub ntsiab iav thiab rotors yog ib qho kev ywj pheej module uas yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm lub fuselage. Kamow tau thov kom siv cov qauv no hauv cov tub rog nyoob hoom qav taub tshiab thiab ntxiv tsuas yog lub cev tshiab rau nws. Nyob rau hauv lub cockpit, tus tsav thiab rab phom zaum ib sab; ces muaj ib tug tuav nrog 12 pab tub rog. Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua version, es tsis txhob ntawm cov tub rog, lub nyoob hoom qav taub yuav tau txais anti-tank missiles tswj los ntawm sab nraud xub. Nyob rau hauv lub fuselage nyob rau hauv ib tug mobile installation yog ib tug 23-mm phom GSh-23. Thaum ua haujlwm ntawm Ka-25F, Kamov pab pawg tau sim nrog Ka-25, los ntawm cov radar thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv submarine raug tshem tawm thiab UB-16-57 S-5 57-mm multi-shot foob pob hluav taws tau teeb tsa. Lub skid chassis rau Ka-25F tau npaj los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv kom ruaj khov dua li lub log chassis. Tom qab ntawd, qhov no tau suav hais tias yog qhov yuam kev, txij li kev siv cov qub yog qhov tsim nyog tsuas yog rau lub teeb nyoob hoom qav taub.
Ka-25F yuav tsum yog ib lub dav hlau me me; Raws li qhov project, nws muaj ib tug loj ntawm 8000 kg thiab ob GTD-3F roj turbine xyaw nrog lub hwj chim ntawm 2 x 671 kW (900 hp) tsim los ntawm lub Design Bureau ntawm Valentin Glushenkov nyob rau hauv Omsk; yav tom ntej, lawv tau npaj yuav nce mus rau 932 kW (1250 hp). Txawm li cas los xij, raws li qhov project tau ua tiav, cov kev cai ntawm cov tub rog tau loj hlob thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lawv txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum ntawm qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm Ka-25. Piv txwv li, cov tub rog xav tau armor rau lub cockpit thiab pilots, uas tsis yog nyob rau hauv thawj specification. GTD-3F lub cav tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov khoom ntawd. Lub caij no, pab pawg Mikhail Mil tsis txwv lawv tus kheej rau cov kev daws teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm thiab tsim lawv lub nyoob hoom qav taub Mi-24 (txoj haujlwm 240) raws li kev daws teeb meem tshiab nrog ob lub zog tshiab TV2-117 nrog lub zog ntawm 2 x 1119 kW (1500 hp).
Yog li, Ka-25F poob rau Mi-24 hauv kev sib tw tsim. Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 6, 1968, los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm CPSU thiab Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm USSR, lub dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua tshiab tau raug xaj hauv Mila brigade. Txij li thaum "flying infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb" yog qhov tseem ceeb, tus qauv "19" tau sim rau lub Cuaj Hlis 1969, 240, thiab thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1970, Arsenyev cog tau tsim thawj Mi-24. Lub nyoob hoom qav taub nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev hloov kho tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 3700 daim ntawv, thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub Mi-35M yog tseem tsim los ntawm ib tug cog nyob rau hauv Rostov-on-Don.
