Antifreeze G12, nws cov yam ntxwv thiab qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev ua kom khov ntawm lwm cov chav kawm
Txheem
Antifreeze - ib tug coolant raws li ethylene los yog propylene glycol, txhais "Antifreeze", los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb lus Askiv, raws li "tsis khov". Class G12 antifreeze yog tsim los siv rau hauv tsheb los ntawm 96 mus rau 2001, niaj hnub tsheb feem ntau siv 12+, 12 plus plus lossis g13 antifreezes.
"Tus yuam sij rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub tshuab ua kom txias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv khov"
Dab tsi yog qhov feature ntawm G12 antifreeze
Antifreeze nrog chav G12 feem ntau tig liab los yog liab, thiab kuj, piv rau antifreeze los yog antifreeze G11, muaj ntev dua. kev pab cuam lub neej - los ntawm 4 mus rau 5 xyoo. G12 tsis muaj silicates nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws yog raws li nram no: ethylene glycol thiab carboxylate compounds. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom siv ntxiv, ntawm qhov chaw hauv qhov thaiv los yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov chaw ntawm corrosion tshwm sim tsuas yog qhov uas nws xav tau, tsim cov resistant micro film. Feem ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yog nchuav rau hauv lub tshuab cua txias ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv combustion. Mix antifreeze g12 thiab coolant ntawm lwm chav kawm - tsis tsim nyog.
Tab sis nws muaj ib tug loj rho tawm - G12 antifreeze pib ua tsuas yog thaum lub chaw ntawm corrosion twb tshwm sim. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txiav txim no tshem tawm cov tsos ntawm cov txheej tiv thaiv thiab nws qhov nrawm nrawm los ntawm kev vibrations thiab kub hloov, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov cua sov thiab siv ntev dua.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm chav kawm G12
Sawv cev rau homogeneous pob tshab kua yam tsis muaj txhua yam impurity ntawm xim liab lossis liab. G12 antifreeze yog ethylene glycol nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm 2 lossis ntau dua carboxylic acids, tsis tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv, tab sis cuam tshuam rau cov chaw tsim kho corrosion. Qhov ceev yog 1,065 - 1,085 g / cm3 (ntawm 20 ° C). Qhov chaw khov yog nyob rau hauv 50 degrees qis dua xoom, thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm +118 ° C. Cov yam ntxwv kub yog nyob ntawm qhov concentration ntawm polyhydric cawv (ethylene glycol lossis propylene glycol). Feem ntau, qhov feem pua ntawm cov cawv no hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog 50-60%, uas tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav qhov kev ua tau zoo. Ntshiab, tsis muaj impurities, ethylene glycol yog viscous thiab tsis muaj xim oily kua nrog ib tug ceev ntawm 1114 kg / m3 thiab boiling point ntawm 197 ° C, thiab freezes ntawm 13 ° C feeb. Yog li ntawd, ib tug dye yog ntxiv rau lub antifreeze nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab tus kheej thiab ntau visibility ntawm cov kua theem nyob rau hauv lub tank. Ethylene glycol yog cov tshuaj lom khoom noj uas muaj zog tshaj plaws, cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau nruab nrab nrog cawv.
G12 antifreeze yog dab tsi
Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm antifreeze class G12 concentrate muaj xws li:
- dihydric cawv ethylene glycol txog 90% ntawm tag nrho cov ntim uas xav tau los tiv thaiv khov;
- distilled dej, txog tsib feem pua;
- zas (xim feem ntau txheeb xyuas cov chav kawm ntawm coolant, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj kev zam);
- pob khoom ntxiv tsawg kawg yog 5 feem pua, txij li thaum ethylene glycol ua phem rau cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, ntau hom phosphate lossis carboxylate additives raws li cov organic acids tau ntxiv rau nws, ua tus inhibitor, tso cai rau lawv kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov tsis zoo. Antifreezes nrog ntau txheej ntawm additives ua lawv txoj haujlwm nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, thiab lawv lub ntsiab sib txawv yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntawm combating corrosion.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion, txheej txheej additives hauv G12 coolant muaj xws li additives nrog rau lwm yam khoom tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, lub coolant yuav tsum tau muaj anti-foaming, lubricating zog thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg uas tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm scale.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm G12 thiab G11, G12 + thiab G13
Lub ntsiab hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, xws li G11, G12 thiab G13, sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv: organic thiab inorganic.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv lub coolant kom raug
Txias chav kawm G11 kua ntawm inorganic keeb kwm Nrog ib tug me me ntawm additives, muaj phosphates thiab nitrates. Xws li antifreeze yog tsim los ntawm silicate technology. Silicate additives npog lub sab hauv ntawm lub system nrog ib tug nruam tiv thaiv txheej, tsis hais txog ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm corrosion cheeb tsam. Txawm hais tias xws li ib txheej tiv thaiv cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm ntawm corrosion los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg, tsis zoo hloov pauv cua sov thiab lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv, tom qab ntawd nws los nag, tsim cov abrasive thiab ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov cua txias.
Feem ntau G11 antifreeze hloov ntsuab los yog xiav xim. Qhov no coolant yog siv rau cov tsheb tsim ua ntej 1996 xyoo thiab lub tsheb nrog lub ntim loj ntawm lub tshuab cua txias.
Hauv Tebchaws Europe, qhov kev tso cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov chav kawm antifreeze belongs rau Volkswagen kev txhawj xeeb; yog li ntawd, qhov sib thooj VW TL 774-C kos npe muab rau kev siv inorganic additives hauv antifreeze thiab raug xaiv G 11. Lub VW TL 774-D specification muab rau cov muaj cov organic-raws li carboxylic acid additives thiab tau sau tias G 12. VW cov qauv TL 774-F thiab VW TL 774-G yog cim nrog cov chav kawm G12 + thiab G12 ++, thiab cov complex thiab kim tshaj G13 antifreeze yog tswj los ntawm lub VW TL 774-J TSI. Txawm hais tias lwm cov tuam txhab xws li Ford lossis Toyota muaj lawv tus kheej cov qauv zoo. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm antifreeze thiab antifreeze. Tosol yog ib hom ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntxhia pob zeb antifreeze, uas tsis yog tsim los ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub engine nrog ib tug txhuas thaiv.
Cov qib ua kua G12, G12+ thiab G13 ntau yam ntawm cov organic antifreeze "Lub neej ntev". Siv rau hauv cov tshuab cua txias ntawm cov tsheb niaj hnub tsim los ntawm 1996 G12 thiab G12 + raws li ethylene glycol tab sis tsuas yog G12 ntxiv nrog rau kev siv hybrid technology ntau lawm nyob rau hauv uas silicate technology tau ua ke nrog carboxylate technology. Nyob rau hauv 2008, G12 ++ chav kawm kuj tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug kua, ib tug organic puag yog ua ke nrog ib tug me me ntawm mineral additives (hu ua lobrid Lobrid lossis SOAT coolants). Nyob rau hauv hybrid antifreezes, organic additives yog tov nrog inorganic additives (silicates, nitrites thiab phosphates yuav siv tau). Xws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm G12 antifreeze - tsis yog tsuas yog tshem tawm corrosion thaum nws twb tshwm sim, tab sis kuj ua rau kev tiv thaiv.
Txias chav kawm G13 kua tau tsim tawm txij li xyoo 2012 thiab tsim rau lub cav ICEs ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv huab cua txias. Los ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, nws tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm G12, qhov sib txawv tsuas yog qhov ntawd ua nrog propylene glycol, uas tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom, decomposes sai dua, uas txhais tau tias ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsawg rau ib puag ncig thaum nws muab pov tseg thiab nws tus nqi ntau dua li G12 antifreeze. Tsim raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua los txhim kho ib puag ncig cov qauv. G13 antifreeze feem ntau yog xim liab lossis liab, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb nws tuaj yeem pleev xim rau hauv ib qho xim, vim nws tsuas yog xim xim uas nws cov yam ntxwv tsis nyob ntawm seb, cov tuam txhab sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom txias nrog cov xim sib txawv thiab ntxoov ntxoo.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua ntawm carboxylate thiab silicate antifreeze
G12 antifreeze compatibility
Puas yog nws muaj peev xwm sib tov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov chav kawm sib txawv thiab cov xim sib txawv ntawm kev txaus siab rau ob peb tus tswv tsheb uas tsis muaj kev paub uas tau yuav lub tsheb siv thiab tsis paub tias hom tshuaj txias twg tau ntim rau hauv lub tank expansion.
Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, xim tsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom, thiab cov tuam txhab sib txawv tuaj yeem pleev xim rau hauv cov xim sib txawv, tab sis tseem yog tib yam muaj feem ntau txais kev cai. Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ntsuab, xiav, liab, liab thiab txiv kab ntxwv. Qee cov qauv tseem tuaj yeem tswj kev siv cov kua dej ntawm ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo, tab sis cov xim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov kawg uas yuav tsum tau xav txog. Txawm tias feem ntau ntsuab yog siv los qhia kua ntawm cov chav kawm qis tshaj G11 (silicate). Yog li cia peb hais mix Antifreeze G12 liab thiab liab (carboxylate) tso cai, nrog rau tsuas yog cov organic-based antifreezes lossis tsuas yog cov kua dej inorganic, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub tias los ntawm txawv manufacturers "txias" tuaj yeem nrog txawv txheej ntawm additives thiab chem. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees! Xws li incompatibility ntawm G12 antifreeze lies nyob rau hauv lub siab yuav tshwm sim hais tias ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov additives nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yuav nrog los ntawm nag lossis daus los deterioration nyob rau hauv lub technical yam ntxwv ntawm lub coolant.
Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav kom lub cav combustion ua haujlwm, sau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm tib hom thiab cov chav kawm, lossis ua kom cov kua dej qub thiab hloov nrog qhov koj paub. me me topping cov kua yuav ua tau nrog dej distilled.
Qhov twg antifreeze xaiv
Thaum cov lus nug cuam tshuam txog kev xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis yog los ntawm cov xim, tab sis kuj los ntawm chav kawm, ces nws raug pom zoo kom siv ib qho uas cov chaw tsim khoom qhia rau ntawm lub tank expansion los yog cov ntaub ntawv technical ntawm lub tsheb. Txij li thaum, yog tooj liab los yog tooj dag tau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov cua txias radiator (ntsia rau cov tsheb qub), ces kev siv cov organic antifreezes yog undesirable.
Antifreezes tuaj yeem yog 2 hom: concentrated thiab twb diluted ntawm lub hoobkas. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, nws yuav zoo li tsis muaj qhov sib txawv loj, thiab ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb tawm tswv yim rau kev mloog zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd diluting nws nrog dej distilled koj tus kheej, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem (1 mus rau 1 rau peb climatic tej yam kev mob), piav qhia qhov no los ntawm hais tias koj. yog pouring tsis yog ib tug fake, tab sis hmoov tsis, noj cov concentrate tsis yog tag nrho. Tsis tsuas yog vim tias qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog qhov tseeb dua, tab sis kuj vim tias cov dej ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau lim ntawm qib molecular thiab distilled, nws zoo li qias neeg hauv kev sib piv, yog li tom qab qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov tsos ntawm deposits.
Yuav ua li cas dilute antifreeze yog txiav txim los ntawm lub rooj:
Yuav ua li cas kom zoo dilute antifreeze concentrate
Thaum tus neeg nyiam tsheb, thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob zoo dua los sau, tsom rau cov xim (ntsuab, xiav lossis liab), uas yog qhov tseeb tsis yog, peb tuaj yeem qhia qhov no:
- nyob rau hauv ib lub tsheb nrog tooj liab los yog tooj dag radiator nrog cam khwb cia hlau blocks, ntsuab, xiav antifreeze los yog antifreeze (G11) yog poured;
- nyob rau hauv aluminium radiators thiab cav blocks ntawm niaj hnub tsheb, lawv ncuav liab, txiv kab ntxwv antifreeze (G12, G12 +);
- rau topping, thaum lawv tsis paub qhov tseeb yog sau rau hauv, lawv siv G12 + thiab G12 ++.
Qhov txawv ntawm liab, ntsuab thiab xiav antifreeze
Thaum xaiv antifreeze, xyuam xim rau dab tsi yuav:
- tsis muaj sediment nyob hauv qab;
- lub ntim tau zoo thiab tsis muaj qhov yuam kev ntawm daim ntawv lo;
- tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw muaj zog;
- tus nqi pH tsis tsawg dua 7,4-7,5;
- tus nqi lag luam.
Kev hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom zoo yog ncaj qha ntsig txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsheb, nrog rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab txhua qhov chaw tsim khoom muaj nws tus kheej.
Thaum koj twb tau xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws antifreeze kev xaiv, ces los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm nco ntsoov saib xyuas nws cov xim thiab mob. Thaum cov xim hloov pauv zoo heev, qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj teeb meem hauv CO los yog qhia tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo. Cov xim hloov tau tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog poob nws cov khoom tiv thaiv, ces nws yuav tsum tau hloov.
