Kaw lub qab nthab saum 10
Qhov kawg ntawm kev npaj thiab kev yuav khoom hauv xyoo 1936-39. yog, ntawm lwm yam, anti-aircraft phom caliber 90 mm. Cov khoom siv uas tso cai rau koj los tiv thaiv huab cua tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov nroog loj thiab cov chaw lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm cov khoom luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Wojsko i Technika Historia" nyob rau hauv 2018 nyob rau hauv lub dav lub npe "Kaw lub sab saum toj qab nthab ...", yuav luag tag nrho cov ncauj lus hais txog ncaj qha rau Polish nruab nrab thiab loj caliber anti-aircraft artillery, raws li zoo raws li muaj feem xyuam rau. Cov khoom siv hluav taws kub tau tham txog. Cov Tub Rog Polish, tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm qhov kev xav tau kev hloov kho tshiab, tau dhau los ntawm kev nce thiab nqis uas tau muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lawv daim ntawv nyob rau hauv kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab lawv txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm uas ua tiav lub voj voog saum toj no, tus sau nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus kawg ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua niaj hnub ntawm Lub Tebchaws Polish Thib Ob, tsim los ntawm kos, thiab sau tag nrho cov kev siv zog ua rau xyoo 1935-1939.
Nyob rau ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm National Welfare Service thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 17, 1936, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm thaj av hauv tebchaws (OPL OK), uas tau tham yav dhau los thaum Lub Ob Hlis 7 thiab Lub Xya Hli 31 ntawm tib lub xyoo, tau sib tham dua. Thaum lub sij hawm kev sib tham, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev hem thawj los ntawm huab cua ntawm formations, tshwj xeeb yog infantry divisions, tau rov kov rau. Raws li kev xam pom yav dhau los los ntawm KSUS, txhua DP yuav tsum muaj 4 platoons ntawm 40-mm 2 phom txhua. Ib qho kev tawm tswv yim nthuav tawm ntawm no hais tias ib qho kev faib, rau qhov tsim nyog siv hluav taws xob ntawm qhov nruab nrab qhov siab thiab nyob deb dhau qhov zoo ntawm 40 mm phom, yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ib lub roj teeb cais ntawm 75 mm mobile phom. Lub postulate zoo li muaj tseeb, vim li no nws yuav tsum tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog lub foob pob hluav taws xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov tub rog nrhiav, uas ua rau tsis muaj teeb meem tsawg rau cov active units.
Ua ntej kev tsim khoom ntawm Starachowice 75mm anti-aircraft phom nyob rau hauv 75mm wz. 97/25 tsim lub hauv paus ntawm Polish huab cua tiv thaiv system.
Raws li cov tub rog Polish, cov tsheb tshawb nrhiav ua haujlwm ntawm qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm 2000 m thiab nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 40-mm phom (qhov theoretical ntau yam ntawm rab phom no yog 3 km). Qhov teeb meem yog tias kev soj ntsuam los ntawm qhov siab tau hais los saum no tau ua nyob rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 4-6 km ntawm cov yeeb ncuab txoj haujlwm. Qhov kev ncua deb no deb dhau wz. 36. Rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, tus thawj coj ntawm lub roj teeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm cov phom yuav tsum muaj nws tus kheej kev soj ntsuam thiab tshaj tawm cov ntsiab lus raws li lub ntsiab lus rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev txav tam sim no ntawm cov yeeb ncuab cua quab yuam, yam tsawg kawg yog ib feem ntawm cov haujlwm, muab rau nws los npog ib feem loj. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm no yog cov txheej txheem uas tau dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem classical ntawm kev soj ntsuam ncaj qha thiab tso cai tua hluav taws los ntawm pob ntseg (acoustic li). Yog li qhov kev txiav txim siab tias cov roj teeb uas siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm, txawm hais tias nyob rau theem no ntawm lub koom haum tiv thaiv huab cua ua haujlwm thaum hmo ntuj tsis tau muab rau hauv tus account (tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog pom, reflectors, thiab lwm yam).
Hmoov tsis zoo, kev ntxiv dag zog ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub dav hlau npog ntawm DP yuav tsum tau tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau theem kawg, thib peb ntawm kev nthuav dav. Thawj yog tsom rau kev tsim cov khoom siv loj loj nrog cov khoom siv 40-mm, thiab qhov thib ob yog ib theem ntawm kev ntxiv cov phom hauv cov roj teeb rau 6 lossis 8 daim. Qhov thib peb theem yog muab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm 75 hli caliber thiab ntau dua rau cov tub rog, mus rau SZ cia thiab nyob rau theem kawg ntawm DP. Qhia txog theem thib peb, nws kuj tau tshwm sim los ntawm qee yam hierarchy ntawm cov dej num:
- kev npaj rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm Warsaw thiab pib ua haujlwm ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua ntawm lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb hauv qab no;
- equipping loj formations ntawm theem ua hauj lwm nrog anti-aircraft artillery thiab tsim ib tug SZ cia;
- npaj lwm lub tebchaws rau kev tiv thaiv huab cua;
- equiping loj tactical units nrog ntxiv 75-mm anti-aircraft riam phom.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1936, ntev ua ntej qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev npaj "Z", muaj qhov txuas mus rau 33rd phom loj, yog li qhov kev xav tau kwv yees li hauv qab no: 264 40-mm phom rau DP, 78 40 13-mm phom rau BC, 132 75-mm phom rau DP. Lub cev muaj zog (RM) tsis suav nrog hauv kev suav, txawm hais tias qhov nce tseem qhib.
BC tus lej mus txog 15.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub npe hu ua tsis muaj qhov nthuav. chav ua haujlwm loj, i.e. ib pab pawg neeg ua haujlwm txawv lossis pab tub rog, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm N lossis R tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm 7. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum muaj 1-3 ntawm nws tus kheej sib xyaw ua ke, tag nrho cov lej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 12. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lawv txhua tus yog raws li nram no: 3 lub roj teeb 75-mm phom - 4 phom, 1 lub tuam txhab ntawm 150 cm searchlights - 12 chaw nres tsheb, 1 roj teeb ntawm 40 hli phom - 6 phom (3 platoons). Tag nrho ntawm 144 75 mm phom, 144 150 cm searchlights, 72 40 mm cannons thiab 144 heavy machine guns. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm cov kev tsim kho tshiab tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm OK NW thiab VL, txhua qhov tau muab faib ua cov lus qhia sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob, qhia txog peb lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua yeeb ncuab aviation ua haujlwm (Table 1). Tus thawj coj-hauv-tus thawj coj, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm N lossis R, yuav tsum muaj 5 lub dav hlau tiv thaiv cov tub rog hnyav, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov chaw tswj hwm nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia txaus ntshai. Txhua NW cov kab cia tseg yuav tsum muaj 3 lub roj teeb ntawm 90-105 mm phom (12 phom), 1 lub tuam txhab ntawm 150 mm nrhiav teeb thiab 1 lub roj teeb ntawm 40 mm phom (6 phom).
Tag nrho: 60 90-105mm cannons, 60 150cm searchlights, 30 40mm thiab 60 hnyav tshuab phom. Thaum kawg, sab hauv cheeb tsam, uas yog kiag li nyob rau hauv lub ncav cuag ntawm cov yeeb ncuab aircraft, uas muaj xws li 10 thiaj li hu ua. cheeb tsam thiab 5 lub nroog nruj heev. Cov tom kawg tau suav nrog hauv cov phiaj xwm feem ntau ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov chaw sib txuas lus thiab cov chaw tseem ceeb hauv lub xeev, uas yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg nkaus tiv thaiv kev hem thawj los ntawm huab cua. Ua tib zoo xav txog kev xav tau hauv tsev, nws yuav tsum tsim ob hom chav nyob: cov pab pawg teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 75-mm ib nrab nyob ruaj ruaj los yog phom mobile - 3 lub roj teeb, 1 lub tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav - 12 posts, 1 roj teeb ntawm 40- mm phom thiab 6 riam phom; Cov pab pawg ntev ntawm tib qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis 90-105-mm anti-aircraft phom yuav tsum hloov 75-mm phom.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub xeem lub caij ntawm lub anti-aircraft kaus ntawm lub thib ob Commonwealth yog muaj xws li 336 75-mm cannons, 48 90-105-mm cannons, 300/384 150-cm searchlights thiab 384 hnyav tshuab phom. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, qhov kev siv ntawm tag nrho cov lus pom zoo rau "Lub Koom Haum Tshiab ntawm Anti-Aircraft Artillery" yog kom nyiam 1356 anti-aircraft phom WP, 504/588 anti-aircraft searchlights thiab 654 hnyav tshuab phom los tiv thaiv firing txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub roj teeb ntawm ib. qhov siab. qhov siab mus txog 800 m. los hloov ib feem ntawm NKM 20 mm hnyav tshuab rab phom. Cov txiaj ntsig muaj nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm yeej zoo siab heev, thaum lub xyoo ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev siv lub koom haum tshiab kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb, raug xaiv tsawg kawg rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1937-1938, yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tau txais cov khoom siv 40 hli thiab nrawm. kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm.
