Hungarian lub teeb tank 38.M "Toldi" I Raws li cov kev cai ntawm Trianon Peace Treaty ntawm 1919, Hungary, zoo li lub teb chaws Yelemees, raug txwv tsis pub muaj tsheb armored. Tab sis nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1920, 12 LKII tso tsheb hlau luam - Leichte Kampfwagen LK-II - tau nyiag los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees mus rau Hungary. Tswj commissions yeej tsis pom lawv.. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1928, cov neeg Hungarians qhib yuav ob lub tankettes lus Askiv "Carden-Loyd" Mk VI, tom qab 3 xyoos - tsib Italian lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam "Fiat-3000B" (Hungarian xaiv 35.M), thiab tom qab 3 xyoos ntxiv - 121 Italian tankettes CV3. / 35 (37. M), hloov cov phom tshuab Italian nrog 8-mm Hungarian sawv daws yuav. Los ntawm 1938 txog 1940, tus tsim qauv N. Straussler tau ua haujlwm ntawm V4 amphibious wheeled-tracked tank nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm 11 tons, tab sis qhov kev cia siab tso rau hauv lub tank tsis ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv 1934, ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm Swedish lub tuam txhab Landsverk AV, nyob rau hauv Landskron, lub L60 lub teeb tank (lwm npe Strv m / ZZ) tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tshuab no tau ua los ntawm German tus tsim qauv Otto Merker, uas yog tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm hauv Sweden - vim hais tias, raws li tau hais los saum no, lub teb chaws Yelemees raug txwv los ntawm cov nqe lus ntawm Versailles Treaty ntawm 1919 kom muaj thiab txawm tsim qauv ntawm cov tsheb armored. Ua ntej ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm tib Merker, Landsverk AV cov neeg tsim qauv tsim ntau cov qauv ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, uas, txawm li cas los xij, tsis mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog L100 tank (1934), uas tau siv dav siv cov khoom siv tsheb: cav, gearbox, thiab lwm yam. Lub tsheb muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm innovation: tus kheej torsion bar ncua kev kawm ntawv cov menyuam; inclined kev npaj ntawm hneev thiab sab armor daim hlau thiab periscope pom; Lub zog tshwj xeeb heev - 29 hp / t - ua kom muaj peev xwm txhim kho kev kub ceev - 60 km / h. Swedish lub teeb tank L-60 Nws yog ib tug raug, zoo heev reconnaissance tank. Txawm li cas los xij, Swedes txiav txim siab, siv cov pov thawj tsim kev daws teeb meem, los tsim lub tank hnyav dua "universal", yog li L100 tsis tau mus rau hauv koob. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv luam hauv peb qhov kev hloov pauv me ntsis hauv xyoo 1934-35. Ob peb lub tshuab ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab kawg tau xa mus rau Norway. Lawv muaj ib tug loj ntawm 4,5 tons, ib tug pab pawg neeg ntawm 2 tus neeg, tau armed nrog ib tug 20 hli tsis siv neeg cannon los yog ob rab phom tshuab, thiab muaj 9 hli armor rau tag nrho cov sab. Qhov no L100 tau ua tus qauv ntawm L60 uas tau hais tseg, kev tsim tawm ntawm tsib qhov kev hloov kho (xws li Strv m / 38, m / 39, m / 40), txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1942. Lub layout ntawm lub tank "Toldi" kuv: Nyem rau ntawm daim duab kom loj 1 - 20-mm self-loading phom 36M; 2 - 8 hli tshuab rab phom 34/37M; 3 - periscope pom; 4 - bracket rau mounting ib tug anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom; 5 - qhov muag tsis pom; 6 - radiator; 7 - cav; 8 - kiv cua; 9 - tso pa tawm; 10 - lub rooj zaum xub xub; 11 - cardan ncej; 12 - lub rooj tsav tsheb; 13 - gearbox; 14 - kauj log; 15 - headlight Thaum pib, qhov loj ntawm L60 yog 7,6 tons, thiab armament muaj 20 hli tsis siv neeg cannon thiab rab phom tshuab nyob rau hauv lub turret. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws (thiab loj tshaj plaws) kev hloov kho yog m/40 (L60D). Cov tso tsheb hlau luam muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 11 tons, cov neeg coob ntawm 3 tus neeg, riam phom - 37-mm cannon thiab ob rab phom tshuab. 145 hp cav tso cai kom ncav cuag ceev txog li 45 km / h (lub zog cia 200 km). Lub L60 yog qhov tsim tau zoo kawg nkaus. Nws cov rollers muaj ib tug neeg torsion bar ncua kev kawm ntawv (rau thawj zaug nyob rau hauv serial tank tsev). Frontal thiab turret armor mus txog 24 mm tuab ntawm qhov kev hloov kho tshiab tau nruab nrog txoj kab nqes. Cov chav sib ntaus sib tua tau zoo ventilated. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ob peb ntawm lawv tau tsim thiab yuav luag tshwj xeeb rau lawv cov tub rog (216 units). Ob lub tsheb ua qauv raug muag rau Ireland (Eire - uas yog lub npe ntawm Ireland xyoo 1937-1949), ib qho - rau Austria. L60 tso tsheb hlau luam tau ua haujlwm nrog cov tub rog Swedish kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab-50s; Nyob rau hauv 1943 lawv underwent Modernization ntawm armament. Tank "Toldi" I Nyem rau ntawm daim duab kom loj Nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 1938, lub tuam txhab Landsverk AV tau xaj ib daim qauv ntawm L60B tank (aka m / 38 lossis tank ntawm peb series). Tsis ntev nws tuaj txog hauv Hungary thiab tau txais kev sim sib piv (Lub Rau Hli 23-28) nrog rau German WWII TI lub teeb tank. Lub Swedish tank qhia tau zoo dua kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov yam ntxwv. Nws raug coj los ua tus qauv rau lub tank ua Hungarian, hu ua 38. M "Toldi" Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus naas ej warrior Toldi Miklos, ib tug txiv neej ntawm siab stature thiab loj lub cev muaj zog. Cov thawj coj uas tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom zoo rau ntau qhov kev hloov pauv rau kev tsim lub tank. Lub koom haum ntawm Tub Rog Technology (IWT) tau xa nws tus kws tshaj lij S. Bartholomeides mus rau Ladskrona kom paub tias muaj peev xwm ua rau cov kev hloov pauv no. Cov Swedes tau lees paub qhov muaj peev xwm hloov kho, Tsis suav nrog cov kev hloov pauv hauv lub kauj tsheb ntawm lub tank thiab nres (stopper) ntawm lub turret. Tom qab ntawd, kev sib tham pib hauv Hungary txog Toldi riam phom. Tus qauv Swedish tau ua tub rog nrog 20mm Madsen tsis siv neeg cannon. Cov neeg tsim qauv Hungarian tau thov kom nruab 25-mm tsis siv neeg phom "Bofors" lossis "Gebauer" (tom kawg - Hungarian txoj kev loj hlob) lossis txawm tias 37-mm thiab 40-mm phom. Qhov kawg ob yuav tsum tau hloov ntau dhau ntawm tus pej thuam. Lawv tsis kam yuav daim ntawv tso cai rau kev tsim cov phom Madsen vim nws tus nqi siab. Kev tsim cov phom 20 hli tuaj yeem raug coj los ntawm Danuvia cog (Budapest), tab sis nrog lub sijhawm xa khoom ntev heev. Thiab thaum kawg nws tau txais qhov kev txiav txim siab rau arm lub tank nrog ib tug 20 hli self-loading anti-tank phom Swiss lub tuam txhab "Solothurn", tsim nyob rau hauv Hungary raws li daim ntawv tso cai nyob rau hauv lub npe hom 36.M. Pub rab phom los ntawm ib daim ntawv xov xwm tsib-round. Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws yog 15-20 rounds ib feeb. Lub armament tau ntxiv los ntawm 8-mm tshuab rab phom ntawm 34./37.M hom nrog siv txoj siv. Nws tau ntawv tso cai Czech tshuab rab phom. Cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm kev ua tsov rog ntiaj teb thib ob Toldi-1   "Toldi" I Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom 1940 Sib ntaus hnyav, t 8,5 Crew, cov neeg 3 Lub cev ntev, mm 4750 Ntev nrog rab phom pem hauv ntej, mm   Dav dav, hli 2140 Qhov siab hli mm 1870 Reservation, hli   Lub cev hauv pliaj 13 Lub rooj tsavxwm 13 Ntauwd hauv pliaj (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Lub ru tsev thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hull 6 Caj pas   Rifle brand 36.M ua Caliber hauv mm / chim ntev hauv calibers 20/82 Cov mos txwv, txhaj tshuaj   Tus naj npawb thiab caliber (hauv mm) ntawm cov phom tshuab 1-8,0 Anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom - Cov mos txwv rau tshuab phom, cartridges   Cav, hom, hom carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Engine zog, h.p. 155 Max ceev km / h 50 Peev xwm, l 253 Nyob ntawm txoj kev loj, km 220 Qhov nruab nrab hauv av siab, kg / cm2 0,62 Toldi-2   “Toldi” II Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom 1941 Sib ntaus hnyav, t 9,3 Crew, cov neeg 3 Lub cev ntev, mm 4750 Ntev nrog rab phom pem hauv ntej, mm   Dav dav, hli 2140 Qhov siab hli mm 1870 Reservation, hli   Lub cev hauv pliaj 23-33 Lub rooj tsavxwm 13 Ntauwd hauv pliaj (wheelhouse) 13 + 20 Lub ru tsev thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hull 6-10 Caj pas   Rifle brand 42.M ua Caliber hauv mm / chim ntev hauv calibers 40/45 Cov mos txwv, txhaj tshuaj 54 Tus naj npawb thiab caliber (hauv mm) ntawm cov phom tshuab 1-8,0 Anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom - Cov mos txwv rau tshuab phom, cartridges   Cav, hom, hom carb. "Busing Nag" L8V/36TR Engine zog, h.p. 155 Max ceev km / h 47 Peev xwm, l 253 Nyob ntawm txoj kev loj, km 220 Qhov nruab nrab hauv av siab, kg / cm2 0,68 Turan-1   "Turan" I Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom 1942 Sib ntaus hnyav, t 18,2 Crew, cov neeg 5 Lub cev ntev, mm 5500 Ntev nrog rab phom pem hauv ntej, mm   Dav dav, hli 2440 Qhov siab hli mm 2390 Reservation, hli   Lub cev hauv pliaj 50 (60) Lub rooj tsavxwm 25 Ntauwd hauv pliaj (wheelhouse) 50 (60) Lub ru tsev thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hull 8-25 Caj pas   Rifle brand 41.M ua Caliber hauv mm / chim ntev hauv calibers 40/51 Cov mos txwv, txhaj tshuaj 101 Tus naj npawb thiab caliber (hauv mm) ntawm cov phom tshuab 2-8,0 Anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom - Cov mos txwv rau tshuab phom, cartridges   Cav, hom, hom Z-TURAN IB. Z-TURAN Engine zog, h.p. 260 Max ceev km / h 47 Peev xwm, l 265 Nyob ntawm txoj kev loj, km 165 Qhov nruab nrab hauv av siab, kg / cm2 0,61 Turan-2   "Tur" II Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom 1943 Sib ntaus hnyav, t 19,2 Crew, cov neeg 5 Lub cev ntev, mm 5500 Ntev nrog rab phom pem hauv ntej, mm   Dav dav, hli 2440 Qhov siab hli mm 2430 Reservation, hli   Lub cev hauv pliaj 50 Lub rooj tsavxwm 25 Ntauwd hauv pliaj (wheelhouse)   Lub ru tsev thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hull 8-25 Caj pas   Rifle brand 41.M ua Caliber hauv mm / chim ntev hauv calibers 75/25 Cov mos txwv, txhaj tshuaj 56 Tus naj npawb thiab caliber (hauv mm) ntawm cov phom tshuab 2-8,0 Anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom - Cov mos txwv rau tshuab phom, cartridges 1800 Cav, hom, hom Z-TURAN IB. Z-TURAN Engine zog, h.p. 260 Max ceev km / h 43 Peev xwm, l 265 Nyob ntawm txoj kev loj, km 150 Qhov nruab nrab hauv av siab, kg / cm2 0,69 Zrinyi-2   Zrinyi II Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom 1943 Sib ntaus hnyav, t 21,5 Crew, cov neeg 4 Lub cev ntev, mm 5500 Ntev nrog rab phom pem hauv ntej, mm 5900 Dav dav, hli 2890 Qhov siab hli mm 1900 Reservation, hli   Lub cev hauv pliaj 75 Lub rooj tsavxwm 25 Ntauwd hauv pliaj (wheelhouse) 13 Lub ru tsev thiab hauv qab ntawm lub hull   Caj pas   Rifle brand 40 / 43 IB Caliber hauv mm / chim ntev hauv calibers 105/20,5 Cov mos txwv, txhaj tshuaj 52 Tus naj npawb thiab caliber (hauv mm) ntawm cov phom tshuab - Anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom - Cov mos txwv rau tshuab phom, cartridges   Cav, hom, hom carb. Z-TURAN Engine zog, h.p. 260 Max ceev km / h 40 Peev xwm, l 445 Nyob ntawm txoj kev loj, km 220 Qhov nruab nrab hauv av siab, kg / cm2 0,75 Lub hull thiab chassis ntawm lub tank yog xyaum tib yam li cov Swedish qauv. Tsuas yog lub log tsav tau hloov me ntsis. Lub cav rau Toldi tau muab los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag. Lub pej thuam tau hloov me ntsis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, hatches nyob rau hauv ob sab thiab saib cov slots, nrog rau rab phom thiab tshuab rab phom mantlet. Tus thawj coj nyob rau hauv lub pej thuam nyob rau sab xis thiab tus thawj coj lub khob nrog lub hatch thiab xya qhov saib nrog triplexes tau nruab rau nws. Tus neeg tua neeg zaum ntawm sab laug thiab muaj lub tshuab soj ntsuam periscope. Tus neeg tsav tsheb tau nyob ntawm sab laug hauv lub hneev ntawm lub cev thiab nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm tau nruab nrog lub hau npog nrog ob lub qhov pom, lub tank muaj tsib-ceev planetary gearbox, lub ntsiab qhuav txhuam clutch thiab onboard clutches. Cov lem muaj qhov dav ntawm 285 mm. Thaum cov thawj coj ntawm General Staff tau tig mus rau Ganz thiab MAVAG cov chaw tsim khoom, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim vim yog tus nqi ntawm txhua lub tank. Txawm tias tau txais kev txiav txim rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28, 1938, cov chaw tsim khoom tsis kam lees vim tias tus nqi qis. Lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov thawj coj ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tau sib sau ua ke. Thaum kawg, ob tog tuaj yeem pom zoo, thiab qhov kev txiav txim zaum kawg rau 80 lub tso tsheb hlau luam, muab faib sib npaug ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1939. Lub Hoobkas Ganz tau tsim cov qauv me me raws li cov duab kos tau txais los ntawm IWT. Thawj ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lub Plaub Hlis 13, 1940, thiab qhov kawg ntawm 80 lub tank rau lub Peb Hlis 14, 1941. Hungarian 38M Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam thiab CV-3/35 tankettes Qhov chaw: M. B. Baryatinsky. Tanks ntawm Honvedsheg. (Armored Collection No. 3 (60) - 2005); I.P. Shmelev. Armored tsheb ntawm Hungary (1940-1945); Tibor Iván Berend, György Ránki: Kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv Hungary, 1900-1944; Andrzej Zasieczny: Tanks ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.