Hungarian armored rog nyob rau hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II

Qhov chaw ntawm 1st Motorized Regiment ntawm 1st Panzer Division nyob rau sab hnub tuaj; lub caij ntuj sov 1942

Ntawm cov phooj ywg German sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II, Royal Hungarian Army - Magyar Királyi Homvédség (MKH) tau xa mus rau qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov tub rog armored. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Hungary muaj kev lag luam uas tuaj yeem tsim thiab tsim cov cuab yeej cuab tam (tshwj tsis yog lub Nceeg Vaj ntawm Ltalis tsuas yog ua tau).

Thaum Lub Rau Hli 1920, 325, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm Hungary thiab lub xeev Entente tau kos npe ntawm Grant Trianon Palace hauv Versailles. Cov xwm txheej uas tau hais los ntawm Hungary yog qhov nyuaj: thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws raug txo los ntawm 93 mus rau 21 txhiab km², thiab cov pej xeem los ntawm 8 mus rau 35 lab. Hungary yuav tsum them nyiaj ua tsov rog, lawv raug txwv tsis pub tuav ib pab tub rog ntau dua. 1920 XNUMX tus neeg. tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog, muaj tub rog huab cua, tub rog thiab tub rog kev lag luam, thiab tseem tsim ntau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau. Thawj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho tsoomfwv Hungarian yog los kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev cog lus lossis tsis lees txais lawv ib leeg. Txij thaum Lub Kaum Hli XNUMX, hauv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau thov Vajtswv rau pej xeem: Kuv ntseeg Vajtswv / Kuv ntseeg Leej Niam / Kuv ntseeg Kev Ncaj Ncees / Kuv ntseeg Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Qub Hungary.

Los ntawm cov tsheb armored mus rau tank - tib neeg, kev npaj thiab tshuab

Lub Treaty ntawm Trianon tso cai rau cov tub ceev xwm Hungarian kom muaj tsheb armored. Xyoo 1922 muaj kaum ob. Nyob rau hauv 1928, cov tub rog Hungarian tau pib ib txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kho tshiab ntawm riam phom thiab khoom siv tub rog, suav nrog kev tsim cov tub rog. Peb British Carden-Lloyd Mk IV tankettes, tsib Italian Fiat 3000B lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, rau Swedish m / 21-29 lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ntau lub tsheb armored tau yuav. Ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog Hungarian nrog cov riam phom armored pib thaum ntxov 30s, txawm hais tias thaum xub thawj lawv tsuas suav nrog kev npaj cov phiaj xwm thiab cov qauv ntawm cov tsheb armored.

Kev xa cov tsheb tshiab Csaba armored tsheb mus rau qhov linear; Xyoo 1940

Thawj ob txoj haujlwm tau npaj los ntawm Hungarian engineer Miklós Strausler (tom qab ntawd nyob hauv UK) nrog kev koom tes ntawm Weiss Manfréd cog hauv Budapest. Lawv tau tsim los ntawm Alvis AC I thiab AC II armored tsheb. Siv cov lus xaus los ntawm kev kawm ntawm cov tsheb yuav hauv tebchaws Askiv, cov tub rog Hungarian tau txiav txim siab kho Alvis AC II armored tsheb, xaiv 39M Csaba. Lawv tau ua tub rog nrog 20 mm anti-tank phom thiab 8 mm tshuab rab phom. Thawj pawg ntawm 61 lub tsheb tawm ntawm Weiss Manfréd cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tib lub xyoo. Lwm batch ntawm 32 lub tsheb raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv 1940, kaum ob ntawm cov uas nyob rau hauv cov lus txib version, uas lub ntsiab armament tau hloov los ntawm ob lub xov tooj cua muaj zog. Yog li, Csaba armored lub tsheb tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej txheem ntawm Hungarian reconnaissance units. Ntau lub tsheb ntawm hom no tau xaus rau hauv tub ceev xwm rog. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis mus nres ntawd.

Txij li thaum ntxov 30s, cov kev cai ntawm Trianon Kev Sib Tham Sib Tham Sib Tham twb tau qhib tsis lees paub, thiab hauv 1934 30 L3 / 33 tankettes tau yuav los ntawm Ltalis, thiab xyoo 1936 tau muab tso rau 110 tankettes hauv qhov tshiab, txhim kho version ntawm L3 / 35. Nrog rau kev yuav khoom tom ntej, cov tub rog Hungarian muaj 151 Italian-ua tankettes, uas tau muab faib rau ntawm xya lub tuam txhab muab rau cov tub rog thiab cov tub rog caij tsheb. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo 1934, lub teeb tank PzKpfw IA (tso npe H-253) tau yuav los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees rau kev sim. Xyoo 1936, Hungary tau txais tsuas yog Landsverk L-60 lub teeb tank los ntawm Sweden rau kev sim. Xyoo 1937, tsoomfwv Hungarian tau txiav txim siab tsis quav ntsej tag nrho cov lus cog tseg ntawm kev tshem riam phom thiab tsim ib txoj kev npaj los nthuav thiab kho cov tub rog "Haba kuv". Nws xav tias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, kev qhia txog lub tsheb tshiab armored thiab kev txhim kho ntawm lub tank. Nyob rau hauv 1937, ib daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe rau thaum pib ntawm serial zus tau tej cov tank nyob rau hauv Hungary raws li ib tug Swedish daim ntawv tso cai.

Kev sim ntawm Landsverk L-60 lub teeb tank yuav hauv Sweden; Xyoo 1936

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 5, 1938, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm tsoomfwv Hungarian tau tshaj tawm Txoj Haujlwm Gyor, uas suav tias muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam tub rog hauv tsev. Tsis pub dhau tsib xyoos, tus nqi ntawm ib lab pengös (kwv yees li ib feem peb ntawm cov peev nyiaj txhua xyoo) yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv cov tub rog, ntawm 600 lab yuav tsum tau siv ncaj qha rau kev nthuav dav ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev nthuav dav sai thiab niaj hnub ntawm cov tub rog. Cov tub rog yuav tsum tau txais, ntawm lwm yam, aviation, artillery, parachute troops, ib tug dej flotilla thiab armored riam phom. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv domestic los yog yuav nrog qiv los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo txoj kev npaj tau txais, cov tub rog muaj 85 tus tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog (hauv xyoo 250 - 1928), kev ua tub rog ob xyoos tau rov qab los. Yog tias tsim nyog, 40 tus neeg tuaj yeem raug tsa. cob qhia reservists.

Miklos Strausler kuj muaj qee qhov kev paub dhau los hauv kev tsim riam phom armored, nws lub V-3 thiab V-4 tso tsheb hlau luam tau sim rau cov tub rog Hungarian, tab sis poob qhov kev sib tw rau cov tsheb armored rau Swedish tank L-60. Cov tom kawg tau tsim los ntawm German engineer Otto Marker thiab tau sim txij lub Rau Hli 23 txog rau Lub Xya Hli 1, 1938 ntawm Heymasker thiab Varpalota qhov chaw sim. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev xeem, General Grenady-Novak tau thov kom ua 64 daim los ua kom tiav plaub lub tuam txhab, uas yuav tsum tau txuas nrog ob lub tsheb loj thiab ob lub tub rog tub rog. Lub sijhawm no, lub tank no tau pom zoo rau kev tsim khoom raws li 38M Toldi. Ntawm lub rooj sib tham thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2, 1938 ntawm War Office nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm MAVAG thiab Ganz, qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau ua rau cov qauv qub. Nws tau txiav txim siab los nruab lub tank nrog 36-mm 20M cannon (daim ntawv tso cai Solothurn), uas tuaj yeem tua hluav taws ntawm tus nqi ntawm 15-20 rounds ib feeb. Lub 34 hli Gebauer 37/8 tshuab rab phom tau muab tso rau hauv lub cev.

Tus qauv ntawm thawj kev sib ntaus sib tua tank ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian - Toldi; Xyoo 1938

Vim tias cov neeg Hungarians tsis muaj kev paub dhau los hauv kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam, thawj daim ntawv cog lus rau 80 Toldi tsheb tau qeeb me ntsis. Qee cov khoom yuav tsum tau yuav hauv Sweden thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees, incl. Bussing-MAG engines. Cov cav no tau tsim los ntawm MAVAG Hoobkas. Lawv tau nruab nrog thawj 80 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. Yog li ntawd, thawj lub tshuab ntawm hom no tau dov tawm ntawm cov kab sib dhos hauv lub Peb Hlis 1940. Lub tank nrog cov lej sau npe los ntawm H-301 txog H-380 tau raug xaiv los ua Toldi I, nrog cov lej sau npe los ntawm H-381 txog H-490 thiab raws li Toldi II. . Thawj 40 units tau ua nyob rau ntawm MAVAG cog, tus so hauv Ganz. Kev xa khoom tau pib txij lub Plaub Hlis 13, 1940 txog rau lub Tsib Hlis 14, 1941. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm Toldi II tso tsheb hlau luam, qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws, cov tsheb uas muaj cov lej sau npe los ntawm H-381 txog H-422 tau tsim tawm ntawm MAVAG cog, thiab los ntawm H- 424 rau H-490 hauv Gantz.

Thawj kev sib ntaus sib tua (1939-1941)

Thawj qhov kev siv ntawm Hungarian armor tshwm sim tom qab lub rooj sib tham Munich (Lub Cuaj Hli 29-30, 1938), thaum lub sij hawm uas Hungary tau tso cai rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Slovakia - Transcarpathian Rus; 11 km² ntawm thaj av nrog 085 txhiab tus neeg nyob thiab sab qab teb ntawm Slovakia tshiab - 552 km² ntawm 1700 txhiab tus neeg nyob. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw no koom nrog, tshwj xeeb, 70nd motorized brigade nrog lub platoon ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam Fiat 2B thiab peb lub tuam txhab ntawm tankettes L3000 / 3, nrog rau 35st thiab 1nd cavalry brigades, suav nrog plaub lub tuam txhab ntawm tankettes L2 / 3. . Armored units tau koom nrog hauv qhov haujlwm no los ntawm 35 txog 17 Lub Peb Hlis 23. Cov nkoj thauj neeg Hungarian tau raug kev txom nyem thawj zaug thaum lub sijhawm Slovak huab cua tawm tsam ntawm lub nkoj ze ntawm Lower Rybnitsa thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1939, thaum Colonel Vilmos Orosvari los ntawm pawg tub rog tshawb nrhiav ntawm 24nd motorized brigade tuag. Ntau tus tswv cuab ntawm cov tub rog tau txais txiaj ntsig, suav nrog: cap. Tibot Karpathy, Lieutenant Laszlo Beldi thiab Corp. Istvan Feher. Rapprochement nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no tau los ua ntau thiab ntau dua; qhov ntau lub teb chaws no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg Hungarians, lawv qhov kev noj qab haus huv ntau ntxiv.

Hungarian gendarme ntawm lub wrecked Czechoslovak tank LT-35; Xyoo 1939

Lub Peb Hlis 1, 1940 Hungary tsim peb lub teb chaws tub rog (1st, 2nd thiab 3rd). Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj peb lub tsev. Ib pawg Carpathian ywj pheej kuj tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov tub rog Hungarian muaj 12 corps. Xya ntawm lawv, ua ke nrog cov koog tsev kawm ntawv, tau tsim rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, 1938 los ntawm cov tub rog sib xyaw; VIII Corps hauv Transcarpathian Rus, Cuaj Hlis 15, 1939; IX Corps nyob rau sab qaum teb Transylvania (Transylvania) thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 4, 1940. Lub motorized thiab mobile rog ntawm Hungarian pab tub rog muaj tsib brigades: lub 1st thiab 2nd cavalry brigades thiab 1st thiab 2nd motorized brigades tsim rau lub kaum hli ntuj 1, 1938. , thiab Lub 1st Reserve Cavalry Brigade tau tsim nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1944. Txhua qhov ntawm cov tub rog tub rog muaj lub tuam txhab tswj hwm, ib pab tub rog nees, tub rog tub rog, lub tsheb loj loj, ob lub tsheb kauj vab, lub tuam txhab tank, lub tuam txhab ntawm cov tsheb armored, ib pab tub rog tshawb nrhiav motorized, thiab ob lossis peb lub foob pob tawg rog (lub battalion. muaj ib lub tuam txhab phom tshuab thiab peb lub tuam txhab cavalry). Lub motorized brigade muaj ib tug zoo sib xws, tab sis es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug hussar regiment, nws muaj ib tug peb-battalion motorized rifle regiment.

Thaum Lub Yim Hli 1940, cov neeg Hungarians nkag mus rau thaj chaw ntawm sab qaum teb Transylvania, nyob hauv Romania. Ces tsov rog yuav luag tag. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Hungarian tau teeb tsa hnub tawm tsam rau Lub Yim Hli 29, 1940. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Romanians nyob rau lub sijhawm kawg tau tig mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis rau kev sib kho. Cov Hungarians tau dua cov yeej, thiab tsis muaj ntshav. Ib thaj tsam ntawm 43 km² nrog cov pej xeem ntawm 104 lab tau txuas rau lawv lub tebchaws. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2,5, cov tub rog Hungarian nkag mus rau Transylvania, uas tau tso cai los ntawm kev txiav txim siab. Lawv suav nrog, tshwj xeeb, 1940st thiab 1nd Cavalry Brigades nrog 2 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam.

Lub Hungarian armored unit, nruab nrog Italian tankettes L3 / 35, muaj nyob rau hauv Transcarpathian Rus; Xyoo 1939

Cov lus txib Hungarian tuaj txog qhov xaus tias thawj qhov tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov tub rog nrog riam phom armored. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov kev ua ub no hais txog kev ntxiv dag zog rau lub armored rog thiab reorganization ntawm cov tub rog tau nthuav. Lub Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam twb tau ua haujlwm nrog plaub tus tub rog tub rog. Lawv cov khoom siv sijhawm ntev dua li qhov xav tau. Txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1940, plaub lub tub rog suav nrog tsuas yog ib lub tuam txhab ntawm 18 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. Kev hloov pauv ntawm 9th thiab 11th self-propelled battalions rau hauv armored sawv daws yuav pib, uas yog los ua lub hauv paus rau lub creation ntawm thawj Hungarian armored brigade. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev sib tw kuj tau nce los ntawm 18 mus rau 23 lub tsheb. Qhov kev txiav txim rau Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam tau nce ntxiv los ntawm 110 units. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1941 txog Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1942. Qhov thib ob series no yog hu ua Toldi II thiab txawv los ntawm yav dhau los series tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm Hungarian Cheebtsam thiab raw cov ntaub ntawv. Hungary tau kos npe rau Pact ntawm Peb (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ltalis thiab Nyij Pooj) thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 27, 1940.

Cov tub rog Hungarian tau koom nrog kev ua phem ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ltalis thiab Bulgaria tawm tsam Yugoslavia xyoo 1941. Tub rog thib 3 (tus thawj coj: General Elmer Nowak-Gordoni), uas suav nrog IV Corps ntawm General Laszlo Horvath thiab Thawj Tub Rog ntawm General Soltan Deklev, tau raug xa mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam. Cov tub rog Hungarian kuj tau xa ib qho tshiab tsim Rapid Reaction Corps (Tus Thawj Coj: General Beli Miklós-Dalnoki), uas muaj ob lub tsheb loj thiab ob lub tub rog tub rog. Cov chav ceev ceev tau nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog tshiab tank (ob lub tuam txhab). Vim muaj kev sib tw qeeb thiab tsis muaj riam phom, ntau chav nyob tsis ncav cuag lawv txoj haujlwm tsis tu ncua; Piv txwv li, 2nd motorized brigade tau ploj lawm 10 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam, 8 Chaba armored tsheb, 135 maus taus thiab 21 lwm lub tsheb. Peb ntawm cov tub rog no tau xa tawm tawm tsam Yugoslavia; Lub 1st thiab 2nd motorized brigades (tag nrho ntawm 54 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam) thiab 2nd cavalry brigade suav nrog ib tug motorized reconnaissance battalion nrog ib lub tuam txhab ntawm tankettes L3 / 33/35 (18 units), tank tuam txhab "Toldi" (18 pcs.) Thiab lub tsheb armored ntawm lub tuam txhab tsheb Csaba. Yugoslav phiaj los nqis tes ntawm 1941 yog qhov debut ntawm tshiab armored tsheb nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Hungarian. Thaum lub sijhawm phiaj xwm no, thawj qhov kev sib tsoo loj ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian tau tshwm sim.

Cadets ntawm Hungarian Tub Rog Academy ntawm Empress Louis (Magyar Királyi Hond Ludovika Akadémia) nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tau txais cov tshiab armored tsheb.

Cov neeg Hungarians tau poob lawv thawj lub tsheb tub rog thaum lub Plaub Hlis 11, 1941, L3 / 35 tankette tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm lub mine, thiab lub Plaub Hlis 13 nyob ze Senttamash (Srbobran) ob lub tsheb tub rog Chaba los ntawm lub tuam txhab tsheb armored ntawm 2nd Cavalry Brigade raug rhuav tshem. . Lawv tau tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab thaj chaw tiv thaiv tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa phom loj, thiab cov yeeb ncuab 37-mm rab phom tiv thaiv tank sai sai coj lawv tawm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ntawm 13 tus tub rog tuag yog ib tug tub rog tub rog. Lossis Beldi. Nyob rau tib hnub, lub xya armored tsheb kuj tuag, nws yog dua tus thawj coj ntawm lub Chaba commander tsheb, lub platoon commander, Lieutenant Andor Alexei, uas tau raug tua nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm ib tug surrendered Yugoslav tub ceev xwm uas tswj mus nkaum nws rab phom. Lub Plaub Hlis 1, Csaba armored tsheb los ntawm cov tub rog tshawb nrhiav ntawm XNUMXst motorized brigade tsoo nrog ib kem motorized ntawm Yugoslav cov tub rog nyob ze lub nroog Dunagalosh (Glozhan) thaum lub sijhawm saib xyuas. Cov neeg coob ntawm lub tsheb tsoo kab thiab coj ntau tus neeg raug kaw.

Tau mus txog 5 km, tib cov neeg coob tau sib tsoo nrog cov yeeb ncuab platoon ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab, uas tseem raug rhuav tshem. Tom qab lwm 8 km sab qab teb ntawm Petrots (Bachki-Petrovac), lub rearguard ntawm ib tug ntawm cov Yugoslav regiments tau ntsib. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txaus siab rau ib pliag. Qhov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau qhib los ntawm 20-mm cannon, knocking yeeb ncuab cov tub rog mus rau hauv av. Tom qab ib teev ntawm kev tawm tsam, txhua qhov kev tawm tsam tau tawg. Armored tsheb commander, corporal. Janos Toth tau txais qhov khoom plig siab tshaj plaws hauv Hungarian tub rog - Gold Medal for Courage. Tus tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm tsis yog tib tus uas nkag mus rau keeb kwm ntawm Hungarian armored rog hauv cov ntawv kub. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1500, Tus Thawj Tub Rog Geza Möszoli thiab nws lub Panzer Squadron Toldi ntes 14 tus tub rog Yugoslav ze Titel. Rau ob hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov retreating rear units ntawm Yugoslav faib (Lub Plaub Hlis 13-14) nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog ntawm Petrets (Bachki-Petrovac), lub 1 motorized phom loj tub ceev xwm poob 6 tua thiab 32 raug mob, noj 3500 tus neeg raug kaw thiab tau txais ntau yam khoom siv thiab khoom siv.

Rau cov tub rog Hungarian, kev sib tw Yugoslav xyoo 1941 yog thawj qhov kev sim loj ntawm riam phom phom, qib kev cob qhia ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab lawv cov thawj coj, thiab lub koom haum ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev txav mus los. Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 15, cov tub ceev xwm tsav tsheb ntawm Rapid Corps tau txuas nrog German armored pab pawg ntawm General von Kleist. Cov chav sib cais pib taug kev hla Barania mus rau Serbia. Hnub tom qab lawv hla tus dej Drava thiab ntes Eshek. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau mus rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Danube thiab Sava tus dej, mus rau Belgrade. Cov Hungarians coj Viunkovci (Vinkovci) thiab Šabac. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 16, lawv kuj tau coj Valjevo (50 km tob rau hauv Serbian thaj chaw). Lub Plaub Hlis 17, kev tawm tsam tawm tsam Yugoslavia tau xaus nrog nws txoj kev tso siab. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm Bačka (Vojvodina), Baranya, nrog rau Medimuria thiab Prekumria, tau txuas rau Hungary; tsuas yog 11 km², nrog 474 tus neeg nyob hauv (1% Hungarians). Cov yeej tau muab lub npe rau thaj chaw "Rov qab Southern Territories".

Ib feeb so rau cov neeg coob ntawm Chaba armored tsheb thaum lub sijhawm Yugoslav kev sib tw xyoo 1941.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1941, nws tau pom meej tias kev hloov kho ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian tau tsim cov txiaj ntsig pom tau; nws twb suav txog 600 tus txiv neej. cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog, txawm li cas los xij, tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm txhim kho lub xeev ntawm riam phom, ib yam li kev khaws cia tsis tau khaws cia, tsis muaj cov dav hlau niaj hnub txaus, tiv thaiv dav hlau thiab phom phom thiab tso tsheb hlau luam.

Txog rau lub Rau Hli 1941, cov tub rog Hungarian muaj 85 Toldi lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam hauv kev npaj sib ntaus sib tua. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tsim 9th thiab 11th armored battalions muaj ob lub tuam txhab tank txhua, ntxiv rau, lawv ua tsis tiav, vim tias tsuas muaj 18 lub tsheb hauv lub tuam txhab. Txhua pawg tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tub rog muaj yim Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. Txij xyoo 1941, ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrawm, txij li Hungary tsis tas yuav tsum tau xa cov khoom thiab qhov chaw. Txawm li cas los xij, rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, kev tshaj tawm tau npog cov kev tsis txaus ntseeg no los ntawm indoctrinating cov tub rog thiab cov pej xeem, hu cov tub rog ntawm Hungarian cov tub rog "zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb." Xyoo 1938-1941 adm. Hort, nrog Hitler txoj kev txhawb nqa, tswj kom rov sib tham txog cov kev txwv ntawm Treaty of Trianon yuav luag tsis muaj kev sib ntaus. Tom qab swb ntawm Czechoslovakia los ntawm Germans, cov Hungarians nyob rau yav qab teb Slovakia thiab Transcarpathian Rus, thiab tom qab ntawd sab qaum teb Transylvania. Tom qab lub zog Axis tawm tsam Yugoslavia, lawv tau koom nrog Banat. Cov Hungarians "liberated" 2 lab ntawm lawv compatriots, thiab thaj chaw ntawm lub nceeg vaj nce mus txog 172 txhiab. km XNUMX ua. Tus nqi rau qhov no yuav tsum tau siab - kev koom tes hauv kev ua tsov rog nrog USSR.

Kev cob qhia ntawm Hungarian armored unit hauv kev koom tes nrog infantry; Tank Toldi hauv tus thawj coj version, Tsib Hlis 1941.

Nkag mus rau ntuj raug txim - USSR (1941)

Hungary nkag mus rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog tawm tsam USSR tsuas yog thaum Lub Rau Hli 27, 1941, nyob rau hauv lub zog siab los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab tom qab muaj kev iab liam Soviet tawm tsam rau Hungarian Kosice. Txog rau hnub no, nws tseem tsis tau paub meej tias nws cov dav hlau tawg hauv lub nroog. Qhov kev txiav txim siab no tau ntsib nrog kev txhawb nqa zoo los ntawm cov neeg Hungarians. Lub Fast Corps (tus thawj coj: General Bela Miklós) tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog rau Wehrmacht ua ib feem ntawm peb pawg tub rog nrog 60 L / 35 tankettes thiab 81 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam, uas yog ib feem ntawm 1st motorized brigade (gen. Jeno) loj. , 9th Tank Battalion), 2nd Motorized Brigade (General Janos Wörösz, 11th Armored Battalion) thiab 1st Cavalry Brigade (General Antal Wattay, 1st Armored Cavalry Battalion). Txhua lub battalion muaj peb lub tuam txhab, tag nrho ntawm 54 armored tsheb (20 L3 / 35 tankettes, 20 Toldi I tso tsheb hlau luam, lub tuam txhab Csaba armored tsheb tuam txhab thiab ob lub tsheb rau txhua lub hauv paus tuam txhab - tankettes thiab tso tsheb hlau luam). Txawm li cas los xij, ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm armored faib ntawm chav tsev tub rog yog L3 / 35 tankettes. Txhua lub tuam txhab tus naj npawb "1" tseem nyob hauv qab raws li kev cia. Lub Hungarian armored rog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj muaj 81 tso tsheb hlau luam, 60 tankettes thiab 48 armored tsheb. Cov Hungarians tau ua raws li cov lus txib ntawm German Army Group South. Nyob rau sab xis lawv tau koom nrog pawg 1 Panzer, 6th thiab 17th pab tub rog, thiab sab laug flank los ntawm 3rd thiab 4th Romanian pab tub rog thiab 11th German pab tub rog.

Nimrod - qhov zoo tshaj plaws anti-aircraft self-propelled phom ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian; 1941 (tseem siv los ua lub tank rhuav tshem).

Lub peb hlis ntuj ntawm pawg Carpathian, uas suav nrog Rapid Corps, tau pib thaum Lub Rau Hli 28, 1941, yam tsis tau tos txog qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev xav thiab concentration ntawm cov corps units uas tau pib muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm sab xis tis thaum Lub Xya Hli 1, 1941. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm Rapid Corps yog coj Nadvortsa, Delatin, Kolomyia thiab Snyatyn. Lub 2nd motorized brigade coj Delatin thaum Lub Xya Hli 2, thiab hnub thib ob - Kolomyia thiab Gorodenka. Thawj txoj haujlwm ntawm 1st motorized rifle brigade yog los npog sab qab teb tis ntawm 2nd motorized rifle brigade, uas nws fighters nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Zalishchikov thiab Gorodenka. Vim tsis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Soviets, nws tsis nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli 7 hla Dniester hauv Zalishchyky yam tsis muaj kev poob hnyav. Hnub tom qab, 1st Motorized Brigade tau tuav lub zos Tluste ntawm tus dej Seret, thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli 9 hla tus dej Zbruch hauv Skala. Hnub ntawd, pawg Carpathian tau tawg. Thaum lub sij hawm lub kaum os los yog li ntawd hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, ntau yam ntawm cov shortcomings ntawm "invincible pab tub rog" tau tshwm sim: nws yog ib yam nkaus thiab qeeb thiab muaj tsawg heev cov khoom thiab technical puag. Cov Germans tau txiav txim siab tias Fast Corps yuav ua kev sib ntaus sib tua ntxiv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, Hungarian infantry brigades raug xa mus los ntxuav lub sab hauv los ntawm cov seem ntawm cov yeeb ncuab swb. Cov Hungarians tau ua ib feem ntawm 17th Army thaum Lub Xya Hli 23, 1941.

Txawm hais tias muaj qhov nyuaj, cov chav ua haujlwm siab heev ntawm Fast Corps tau tswj kom ntes tau 10 lub tank, 12 phom thiab 13 lub tsheb thauj khoom los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thaum Lub Xya Hli 12 txog 11. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj thaum Lub Xya Hli 13, nyob rau hauv toj siab sab hnub poob ntawm Filyanovka, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam thawj zaug raug mob hnyav pib. Lub tsheb ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3 ntawm 9th armored battalion los ntawm 1st motorized rifle brigade ntsib tawv tawv tsis kam los ntawm Red Army. Captain lub tank. Tibor Karpathy raug tua los ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv tank, tus thawj coj raug mob, thiab ob tug neeg ua haujlwm raug tua. Lub nkoj tawg thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm tus thawj tub rog tub rog yog lub hom phiaj yooj yim thiab ntxias. Tus thawj coj ntawm lub tank thib ob, Sgt. Pal Habal pom qhov xwm txheej no. Nws sai sai txav nws lub tsheb ntawm lub Soviet cannon thiab immobilized command tank. Cov neeg coob ntawm nws lub tsheb sim tshem tawm txoj haujlwm tua ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv tank, tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Ib lub missile Soviet kuj ntaus Sergeant lub tank. Habala. Cov neeg coob ntawm peb raug tua. Ntawm rau lub tankers, tsuas yog ib tug ciaj sia, Cpt. Karpaty. Txawm hais tias cov kev puas tsuaj no, cov battalion lub tsheb tau rhuav tshem peb rab phom tiv thaiv tank hnub ntawd, txuas ntxiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj thiab thaum kawg ntes Filyanovka. Tom qab qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, kev poob ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3 yog 60% ntawm lub xeev - incl. Yim lub tankers raug tua, rau lub tank Toldi raug puas tsuaj.

Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam nkag mus rau hauv ib lub nroog ntawm USSR; Lub Xya Hli 1941

Tsim kev tsis haum xeeb hauv Toldi ua rau muaj kev raug mob ntau dua li kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab nws tsuas yog kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom seem ntawm 14 Lub Xya Hli, nrog rau cov kws kho tsheb ntxiv, uas tau daws qhov teeb meem ib nrab. Kev siv zog kuj tau ua los ua kom poob ntawm cov khoom siv. Ua ke nrog cov tog neeg no, 14 Toldi II tso tsheb hlau luam, 9 Csaba armored tsheb thiab 5 L3 / 35 tankettes raug xa mus (lub tog tuaj txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 7, thaum lub corps Rapid nyob ze Krivoy Rog hauv Ukraine). Qhov tiag Achilles pob taws yog lub cav, ntau npaum li ntawd thaum Lub Yim Hli tsuas yog 57 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam tau ceeb toom. Kev poob loj hlob sai, thiab cov tub rog Hungarian tsis tau npaj rau qhov no. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tub rog Hungarian txuas ntxiv mus ua kev vam meej nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, feem ntau vim yog kev npaj zoo.

Armored tsheb ntawm Hungarian Operational Corps nyob rau hauv Ukraine; Lub Xya Hli 1941

Ib me ntsis tom qab ntawd, cov tub rog ntawm 1st Motorized Brigade thiab 1st Cavalry Brigade tau ua haujlwm nrog kev hla ntawm Stalin Line. Cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm 1st motorized brigade hauv Dunaevtsy yog thawj zaug tawm tsam, thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli 19 lawv tau tswj hwm los ntawm cov chaw muaj zog hauv cheeb tsam Bar. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua, txog rau thaum Lub Xya Hli 22, lawv puas los yog puas tsuaj 21 Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam, 16 armored tsheb thiab 12 phom. Cov neeg Hungarians them rau qhov kev vam meej no nrog kev poob ntawm 26 tus neeg tua, 60 tus raug mob thiab 10 ploj lawm, 15 lub tsheb armored tau txais ntau yam kev puas tsuaj - xya ntawm 12 Toldi tau kho. Lub Xya hli ntuj 24, lub 2nd motorized phom brigade rhuav tshem 24 yeeb ncuab armored tsheb, ntes 8 phom thiab repelled ib tug muaj zog counterattack ntawm lub Red Army nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Tulchin-Bratslav. Thawj thawj zaug txij li thaum pib ntawm kev sib tw, Hungarian armored cov neeg ua haujlwm nqa, ob qho tib si cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Chaba armored tsheb, tau rhuav tshem ntau tus yeeb ncuab armored tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, feem ntau yog lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab tsheb armored. Nws yuav tsum raug lees paub, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm lawv tau raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tank thiab tiv thaiv dav hlau phom tua hluav taws. Txawm tias thawj zaug ua tiav, cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog tau daig hauv cov av nkos ntawm txoj kev mus rau Gordievka. Tsis tas li ntawd, Tub Rog Liab tau mus rau qhov kev tawm tsam. Kev txhawb nqa rau Hungary yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm Romanian cavalrymen los ntawm 3rd Cavalry Division, tab sis lawv tsuas yog thim rov qab los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab siab. Lub Hungarian 2nd motorized brigade tau teeb meem loj. Cov tub rog armored tau pib tawm tsam ntawm txoj cai flank, tab sis Soviets tsis tso tseg. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ceev ceev tau xa 11th armored battalion ntawm 1st motorized rifle brigade thiab 1st armored cavalry battalion ntawm 1st cavalry brigade los pab, ntaus los ntawm qab los npog lub 2nd motorized phom loj brigade. Thaum kawg, los ntawm Lub Xya Hli 29, cov neeg Hungarians tau tswj xyuas thaj tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pab tub rog. Kev tawm tsam tau ua tiav, tab sis tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke, tsis muaj phom loj thiab huab cua txhawb nqa. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg Hungarians raug kev puas tsuaj loj.

Qhov chaw tom qab Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1941: lub tsheb laij teb KV-40 thiab lub tsheb armored "Chaba".

Thaum sib ntaus sib tua, 18 L3 / 35 tankettes los ntawm 1st Cavalry Brigade tau ploj. Thaum kawg, nws tau txiav txim siab thim cov khoom siv no los ntawm cov kab hauv ntej. Tom qab tankettes tau siv rau kev cob qhia hauv tub ceev xwm thiab tub ceev xwm chav tsev, thiab hauv 1942 qee tus ntawm lawv tau raug muag rau cov tub rog Croatian. Thaum kawg ntawm lub hli, txoj haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub tank battalions raug txo kom loj ntawm lub tuam txhab. Lub 2nd motorized brigade ib leeg poob 22 tua, 29 raug mob, 104 ploj lawm thiab 301 tanks puas los yog puas thaum lub Xya hli ntuj 10 thiab 32. Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Gordievka, tub ceev xwm corps ntawm armored units raug kev txom nyem tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hnyav - tsib tug tub ceev xwm tuag (tawm ntawm yim leej twg tuag nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab phiaj xwm xyoo 1941). Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav rau Gordievka yog pov thawj los ntawm qhov tseeb tias Lieutenant Ferenc Antalfi los ntawm 11th tank battalion raug tua nyob rau hauv tes-rau-tes sib ntaus sib tua. Nws kuj tau tuag, ntawm lwm tus Lieutenant András Sötöri thiab Lieutenant Alfred Söke.

Thaum Lub Yim Hli 5, 1941, cov neeg Hungarians tseem muaj 43 lub tsheb sib tua-npaj Toldi, 14 ntxiv tau rub rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom, 14 nyob hauv khw kho, thiab 24 tau puas tsuaj tag nrho. Ntawm 57 Csaba armored tsheb, tsuas yog 20 tau ua haujlwm, 13 tau kho, thiab 20 tau raug xa rov qab mus rau Tebchaws Poland rau kev kho dua. Tsuas yog plaub lub tsheb Csaba raug rhuav tshem tag nrho. Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Yim Hli 6, sab qab teb ntawm Umaniya, ob lub Chaba armored tsheb los ntawm 1st Cavalry Brigade raug xa mus rau kev soj ntsuam hauv cheeb tsam Golovanevsk. Tib txoj kev taug kev raws li kev hais kom ua ntawm Laszlo Meres yog los kawm txog qhov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam. Cov lus txib ntawm High-Speed ​​​​Corps tau paub tias suav tsis txheeb cov tub rog Soviet tau sim ua txhaum los ntawm kev ncig hauv cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev mus rau Golovanevsk, armored tsheb sib tsoo nrog ob tug tub rog tub rog tub rog, tab sis ob tog tsis paub ib leeg.

Kev xa khoom hauv tsev tshiab Toldi lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam (hauv pem hauv ntej) thiab Csaba armored tsheb rau cov kev xav tau ntawm pem hauv ntej; Xyoo 1941

Thaum xub thawj, cov Hungarians ntseeg tias cov no yog Romanian cavalrymen, thiab cov cavalrymen tsis paub hom tsheb armored. Tsuas yog nyob ze cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb Hungarian tau hnov ​​​​tias cov neeg caij tsheb hais lus Lavxias thiab cov hnub qub liab tau pom ntawm lawv lub kaus mom. Chaba tam sim ntawd qhib hluav taws kub heev. Tsuas yog ob peb lub cavalrymen los ntawm ob lub Cossack squadrons ciaj sia. Ob lub tsheb armored, coj nrog lawv ob tus neeg raug kaw hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, mus rau qhov ze tshaj plaws, uas yog cov khoom siv German. Cov neeg raug kaw nyob ntawd mus txog thaum nug. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov tseeb los xav tias ntau cov tub rog Soviet xav ua txhaum hauv tib thaj chaw uas cov neeg saib xyuas Hungarian ntaus cov neeg caij nees.

Cov neeg Hungarians rov qab mus rau qhov qub. Ib zaug ntxiv, Horus Meresh thiab nws cov tub txib tau pom 20 lub tsheb thauj khoom nrog cov tub rog Red Army. Los ntawm qhov deb ntawm 30-40 m, cov Hungarians qhib hluav taws. Thawj lub tsheb tau hlawv hauv qhov kwj deg. Cov yeeb ncuab kem raug coj los ntawm kev xav tsis thoob. Cov tub ceev xwm Hungarian tau rhuav tshem tag nrho cov kem, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov tub rog Red Army tsiv mus rau nws. Cov neeg muaj txoj sia nyob ntawm cov hluav taws kub hnyiab thiab lwm cov tub rog Liab, los ntawm tib txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua txuas ntxiv, sim ua txhaum ntxiv raws txoj kev loj, tab sis lawv tau tiv thaiv los ntawm ob lub tsheb tub rog Hungarian. Tsis ntev, ob lub yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam tau tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev, tej zaum T-26s. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub tsheb Hungarian hloov cov mos txwv thiab hloov 20-mm cannon los tua rau cov tsheb armored. Kev sib ntaus sib tua zoo li tsis sib xws, tab sis tom qab ntau qhov kev sib tsoo, ib lub tank Soviet tau khiav tawm ntawm txoj kev, thiab nws cov neeg coob tau tso tseg thiab khiav mus. Lub tsheb raug suav tias puas tsuaj rau ntawm tus account ntawm Corporal Meresh. Thaum lub sij hawm sib pauv hluav taws kub no, nws lub tsheb tau raug puas tsuaj, thiab ib feem ntawm qhov projectile raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm 45-mm T-26 cannon raug mob rau cov neeg coob coob tau nyo taub hau. Tus thawj coj txiav txim siab thim rov qab, coj cov neeg raug mob mus rau tsev kho mob. Kuj ceeb tias, lub tank thib ob Soviet kuj tau thim rov qab.

Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam "Toldi" nyob rau hauv lub USSR; lub caij ntuj sov 1941

Lub tsheb tub rog Chaba thib ob tseem nyob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab txuas ntxiv mus tua cov tub rog Red Army, tiv thaiv qee qhov kev tawm tsam, kom txog rau thaum cov tub rog Hungarian tuaj txog. Hnub ntawd, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua peb-teev, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ob lub Csaba armored tsheb tau tua tag nrho 12 000 hli puag ncig thiab 8 720 hli puag ncig. Ensign Meres tau nce mus rau qib ntawm junior lieutenant thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig Gold Officer Medal rau kev ua siab loj. Nws yog tus tub ceev xwm thib peb hauv cov tub rog Hungarian tau txais kev qhuas siab no. Chaba tus thawj tsav tsheb thib ob, Sgt. Laszlo Chernitsky, nyob rau hauv lem, tau muab tsub lub Big Silver Medal rau siab tawv.

Los ntawm kaum xyoo thib ob ntawm Lub Xya Hli 1941, tsuas yog cov neeg tua hluav taws ntawm High-Speed ​​​​Corps tau tawm tsam rau pem hauv ntej. Thaum nkag mus tob rau hauv lub USSR, cov thawj coj ntawm Hungarian tau tsim ib lub tswv yim tshiab ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, uas tau pab lawv tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab. Qhov kev txav ntawm cov chav nyob siab tau tshwm sim raws txoj kev loj. Motorized brigades taug kev raws txoj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, cov tub rog tau qhia ntawm lawv. Cov tub rog thawj lub laub yog ib pab tub rog tshawb nrhiav, txhawb nqa los ntawm pawg tub rog ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 40 hli rab phom tiv thaiv dav hlau, txhawb nqa los ntawm pawg tub rog ntawm sappers, cov tswj tsheb, cov roj teeb phom loj thiab lub tuam txhab phom. Qhov thib ob pov yog ib tug motorized phom battalion; tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib peb ua lub ntsiab rog ntawm lub brigade tsiv.

Qhov chaw ntawm Rapid Corps tau tawm tsam rau yav qab teb sector ntawm pem hauv ntej los ntawm Nikolaevka los ntawm Isyum mus rau Donetsk River. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj xyoo 1941, txhua lub battalion armored tsuas muaj ib lub tuam txhab Toldi tank, 35-40 tsheb. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov kev pabcuam tsheb tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib pab tub rog armored, uas tau tsim los ntawm 1st armored cavalry battalion. Ib feem ntawm cov motorized brigades yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 15, lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tau raug tshem tawm mus rau Hungary, qhov chaw nws tuaj txog Lub Ib Hlis 5, 1942. Rau kev koom tes hauv Kev Ua Haujlwm Barbarossa, cov neeg Hungarians them nrog kev poob ntawm 4400 tus neeg, tag nrho L3 tankettes thiab 80% ntawm Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam, tawm ntawm 95 kev koom tes hauv Lavxias kev sib tw xyoo 1941: 25 lub tsheb raug rhuav tshem hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab 62 tawm ntawm kev txiav txim. vim tsis ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv txhua tus tau rov qab los ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1942, tsuas yog 2nd armored cavalry battalion muaj ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam uas tuaj yeem siv tau ntau dua ( kaum ib).

Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv tshiab thiab kev tsim kho dua tshiab

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1941, nws tau pom tseeb tias Toldi tank siv me ntsis ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tshwj tsis yog tej zaum rau kev tshawb nrhiav txoj haujlwm. Cov armor yog nyias nyias thiab txhua tus yeeb ncuab riam phom tiv thaiv tank, suav nrog 14,5 mm anti-tank phom, tuaj yeem coj nws tawm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam tsis txaus txawm tias tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab tsheb. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov tub rog Hungarian xav tau lub tank tshiab nruab nrab. Nws tau thov kom tsim ib lub tsheb Toldi III, nrog 40 mm armor thiab 40 mm anti-tank phom. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov kho tshiab tau ncua sijhawm thiab hauv 12 tsuas yog 1943 lub tank tshiab tau xa! Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, ib feem ntawm Toldi II tau rov ua dua rau tus qauv Toldi IIa - rab phom 40 mm tau siv thiab cov cuab yeej tau ntxiv dag zog los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau phom.

Cov tso tsheb hlau luam puas thiab puas tsuaj ntawm Fast Corps yog tos kom xa mus rau lub teb chaws kho cov nroj tsuag; Xyoo 1941

Kev tsim cov 40M Nimrod tus kheej-propelled rab phom kuj ua rau kom muaj zog ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian. Qhov kev tsim no yog raws li kev txhim kho, loj dua chassis ntawm L-60 tank, Landsverk L-62. Ib tug 40-mm Bofors anti-aircraft phom, twb tsim nyob rau hauv Hungary, twb mounted rau ntawm armored platform. Cov tub rog tau xaj ib qho qauv hauv xyoo 1938. Tom qab kuaj thiab txhim kho, incl. lub nkoj loj dua nrog cov mos txwv txaus, qhov kev txiav txim tau muab tso rau lub Kaum Hlis 1941 rau 26 Nimrod tus kheej-propelled phom. Nws tau npaj los hloov lawv mus rau hauv lub tank destroyers, nrog rau lub luag haujlwm thib ob ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev txiav txim tau nce ntxiv thiab los ntawm 1944 135 Nimrod phom tau raug tsim.

Thawj 46 Nimrod self-propelled phom tawm ntawm MAVAG Hoobkas hauv 1940. Lwm 89 tau txiav txim rau xyoo 1941. Thawj pawg muaj German Büssing xyaw, qhov thib ob twb muaj Hungary-ua fais fab units ntawm Ganz cog. Ob lwm yam ntawm Nimrod phom kuj tau npaj: Lehel S - tsheb kho mob thiab Lehel Á - tshuab rau sappers. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom.

Lub tank nruab nrab rau cov tub rog Hungarian tau tsim txij li xyoo 1939. Lub sijhawm ntawd, ob lub tuam txhab Czech, CKD (Ceskomoravska Kolben Danek, Prague) thiab Skoda, tau thov kom npaj cov qauv tsim nyog. Cov tub rog Czechoslovak xaiv qhov project CKD V-8-H, uas tau txais lub npe ST-39, tab sis German txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub teb chaws tau xaus rau qhov kev pab cuam no. Skoda, nyob rau hauv lem, nthuav tawm lub project ntawm S-IIa tank (nyob rau hauv lub S-IIc version rau cov Hungarians), uas tom qab ntawd tau txais lub npe T-21, thiab nyob rau hauv lub kawg version - T-22. Lub Yim Hli 1940, cov tub rog Hungarian tau xaiv qhov hloov kho ntawm T-22 nrog cov neeg coob ntawm peb thiab lub cav nrog lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm 260 hp. (los ntawm Weiss Manfred). Cov qauv yooj yim ntawm cov qauv tshiab ntawm lub tank Hungarian tau raug xaiv los ntawm 40M Turan I. Hungary tau txais daim ntawv tso cai los tsim Czech A17 40mm anti-tank phom, tab sis nws tau hloov kho rau cov mos txwv rau 40mm Bofors phom, raws li lawv twb tau tsim nyob rau hauv. Hungary.

Kev kho ntawm Hungarian tank PzKpfw 38 (t) ntawm 1st squadron ntawm 1st armored division; lub caij ntuj sov 1942

Tus qauv tank "Turan" tau npaj rau lub Yim Hli 1941. Nws yog ib qho qauv tsim nyob sab Europe ntawm lub lig 30s ob qho tib si ntawm armor thiab firepower. Hmoov tsis zoo rau cov neeg Hungarians, thaum lub tank nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Ukraine thiab tob rau hauv USSR, nws twb tsis zoo rau cov yeeb ncuab tsheb sib ntaus sib tua, feem ntau T-34 thiab KW tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, tom qab kev hloov kho me me, qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm Turan kuv tau pib, uas tau muab faib los ntawm Weiss Manfred, Ganz, MVG (Györ) thiab MAVAG factories. Thawj qhov kev txiav txim yog rau 190 tso tsheb hlau luam, tom qab lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941 lawv cov lej tau nce mus rau 230, thiab hauv 1942 txog 254. Los ntawm 1944, 285 Turan tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj sai sai tau pom tias rab phom 40-mm tsis txaus, yog li Turan tso tsheb hlau luam tau rov nruab nrog 75-mm rab phom luv-barreled, cov khoom tsim tau yuav luag tam sim ntawd hauv xyoo 1941. Cov qauv ua tiav ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau nruab nrog qhov no hauv xyoo 1942. Vim tias cov tub rog Hungarian tsis muaj rab phom loj dua, cov tso tsheb hlau luam raug cais raws li hnyav. Lawv tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm 1st thiab 2nd Panzer Divisions thiab 1st Cavalry Division (1942-1943). Lub tsheb no muaj lwm yam kev hloov kho.

Hungarian PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1 (qhov version no muaj ib rab phom luv luv 75 mm) txhawm rau tsom ntawm Don; lub caij ntuj sov 1942

Ib qho ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws yog 41M Turan II. Lub tank no yuav tsum yog Hungarian analogue ntawm German PzKpfw III thiab PzKpfw IV. Lub 41 hli M75 phom yog tsim los ntawm MAVAG raws li 18 hli 76,5M Bohler phom phom, tab sis nws cov caliber tau hloov kho thiab hloov kho rau lub tank. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov kev ua hauj lwm niaj hnub pib nyob rau hauv 1941, thawj batch ntawm Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj txog nyob rau hauv units xwb nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis 1943. Lub tsheb no yog 322 daim. Txawm li cas los xij, txog 139, tsuas yog 1944 Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim.

Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm thawj lub hlis ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau pem hauv ntej kuj ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsim ntawm Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. 80 piv txwv (40 Toldi I: H-341 txog H-380; 40 Toldi II: H-451 txog H-490) tau rov ua dua ntawm Gantz. Lawv tau nruab nrog 25mm L / 40 cannon (zoo tib yam rau Straussler V-4 project). Lub Turan I tso tsheb hlau luam tau haum nrog 42mm MAVAG 40M cannon, uas yog luv luv version ntawm 41mm 51M L / 40 cannon. Lawv siv cov mos txwv rau Bofors cov phom tiv thaiv dav hlau siv hauv Nimrod cov phom tus kheej. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1942, lub Hoobkas Ganz tau txiav txim siab los tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm Toldi tank nrog cov cuab yeej hnyav dua thiab rab phom 42 hli 40M los ntawm Toldi II tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txiav txim siab tau ua thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1943 los tsim Turan II thiab Zriny self-propelled phom ua rau lub fact tias tsuas yog ib lub kaum os Toldi IIIs tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1943 thiab 1944 (los ntawm H-491 txog H-502). Xyoo 1943, tib lub tuam txhab Gantz tau hloov cuaj Toldi yog mus rau hauv cov tsheb thauj neeg tub rog. Cov txheej txheem no tsis muaj kev vam meej tshwj xeeb, yog li cov tsheb no tau rov tsim dua, lub sijhawm no rau hauv tsheb thauj neeg mob armored (xws li H-318, 347, 356 thiab 358). Kev sim kuj tau ua kom ntev lub neej ntawm Toldi lub tsheb los ntawm kev sim ua kom cov tank destroyers tawm ntawm lawv. Cov xwm txheej no tshwm sim xyoo 1943-1944. Rau qhov no, German 40-mm Pak 75 phom tau raug teeb tsa, npog cov phiaj xwm armor los ntawm peb sab. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tswv yim no thaum kawg tau tso tseg.

Węgierska 1. DPanc tsiv mus rau sab hnub tuaj (1942-1943)

Cov Germans tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov nkoj thauj neeg Hungarian thiab txaus siab rau kev koom tes nrog cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ceev. Yog li nws tsis xav tsis thoob tias ntawm adm. Horta thiab Hungarian cov lus txib kom xa mus rau pem hauv ntej ib pawg armored tshem tawm ntawm Rapid Corps, uas cov Germans twb tau ua nrog. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm lub tank tshiab nruab nrab, cov lus txib tau npaj los ua ib txoj kev npaj los txhim kho cov tub rog Hungarian kom zoo dua rau nws raws li cov cai ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj. Lub Hub II txoj kev npaj tau hu kom tsim kom muaj ob chav armored raws li cov tub rog uas twb muaj lawm. Muab cov tso tsheb hlau luam qeeb qeeb, cov lus txib pom tau hais tias lawv raug yuam kom siv cov tsheb ciav hlau txawv teb chaws los siv cov kev cai tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev npaj xyoo 1942. Cov nyiaj, txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj, yog li nws tau txiav txim siab tias 1 Panzer Division yuav tsim siv cov tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab 2nd Panzer Division siv Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam (Turan) sai li sai tau raws li lawv cov lej muaj.

Cov Germans muag 102 PzKpfw lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam rau Hungary. 38(t) nyob rau hauv ob versions: F thiab G (lub npe hu ua T-38 hauv Hungarian kev pabcuam). Lawv raug xa tawm thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1941 txog Lub Peb Hlis 1942. Cov neeg German kuj tau xa 22 PzKpfw. IV D thiab F1 nrog 75 mm luv-barreled phom (hnyav tanks). Tsis tas li ntawd, 8 PzBefWg I commands tau xa tuaj. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1942, 1st Panzer Division thaum kawg tau tsim los ntawm 1st Motorized Brigade. Kev faib tawm tau npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Lub Peb Hlis 24, 1942, npaj rau Sab Hnub Tuaj. Cov kev faib yog armed nrog 89 PzKpfw 38(t) thiab 22 PzKpfw IV F1. Cov neeg Hungarians them 80 lab pengő rau cov tsheb no. Cov phoojywg kuj tau cob qhia pawg neeg ua haujlwm hauv Tsev Kawm Tub Rog hauv Wünsdorf. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog 30th Tank Regiment tshiab. Txhua ntawm nws ob pab tub rog armored muaj ob lub tuam txhab ntawm nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam nrog Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam (1st, 2nd, 4th thiab 5th) thiab ib lub tuam txhab ntawm hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam (3rd thiab 6th), nruab nrog tsheb "Turan". Lub 1st reconnaissance battalion tau nruab nrog 14 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Chaba armored tsheb, thiab 51st tank destroyer division (51st motorized armored artillery division) tau nruab nrog 18 Nimrod self-propelled phom thiab 5 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. Hloov chaw High-Speed ​​Corps, thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1, 1942, 1st Tank Corps tau tsim, suav nrog peb pawg; 1st thiab 2nd Panzer Divisions, ob qho tib si tag nrho lub cev muaj zog thiab txuas nrog lub corps ntawm 1st Cavalry Division (txij li lub Cuaj Hlis 1944 - 1st Hussar Division), uas suav nrog lub tank battalion ntawm plaub lub tuam txhab. Lub Corps yeej tsis tau ua raws li kev sib cog lus.

PzKpfw 38(t) - daim duab thaij thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1942, ua ntej lub tank raug xa mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj.

Lub 1st Panzer Division tau thim rov qab los ntawm Hungary thaum Lub Rau Hli 19, 1942 thiab tau ua haujlwm rau 2nd Hungarian Army nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, uas suav nrog cuaj pawg tub rog. Ob lwm armored units, 101st thiab 102nd tank tuam txhab uas muag, kuj tau pauv mus rau pem hauv ntej, uas txhawb kev tawm tsam ntawm cov koom haum Hungarian units hauv Ukraine. Thawj yog nruab nrog Fabkis tso tsheb hlau luam: 15 Hotchkiss H-35 thiab H39 thiab ob Somua S-35 commanders, lub thib ob - nrog Hungarian lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab armored tsheb.

Cov Hungarian units nyob rau sab laug flank ntawm Germans mus rau Stalingrad. Lub 1st Panzer Division pib nws txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog kev sib tsoo nrog cov tub rog liab ntawm Don thaum Lub Xya Hli 18, 1942 nyob ze Uriv. Lub Hungarian 5th Light Division tau tawm tsam cov ntsiab lus ntawm 24th Panzer Corps, uas tau ua haujlwm nrog tiv thaiv sab laug foothold ntawm Don. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, peb lub tsheb Toldi tseem tshuav tau raug xa rov qab mus rau Hungary. Hungarian tankers nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum kaj ntug rau 18 Lub Xya hli ntuj. Ob peb feeb tom qab nws pib, Lieutenant Albert Kovacs, pawg thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3 ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hnyav, Tus tauj ncov loj V. Laszlo Maclarego rhuav tshem T-34. Raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua pib ua siab tawv, lwm T-34 poob rau cov neeg Hungarians. Nws sai sai tau pom tseeb tias M3 Stuart lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam (los ntawm US cov khoom siv qiv nyiaj) yog lub hom phiaj yooj yim dua.

Ensign Janos Vercheg, tus neeg sau xov xwm ua tsov rog uas yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg coob ntawm PzKpfw 38(t), tau sau tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua: ... lub tank Soviet tau tshwm sim rau pem hauv ntej ntawm peb ... Nws yog lub tank nruab nrab [M3 yog lub teeb. tank, tab sis los ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian nws tau raug cais raws li lub tank nruab nrab - kwv yees li. ed.] thiab raug rho tawm haujlwm ob zaug hauv peb qhov kev taw qhia. Tsis muaj leej twg ntaus peb, peb tseem muaj sia nyob! Peb txhaj koob thib ob ntes tau nws!

Rail thauj tank "Toldi" ntawm txoj kev los ntawm Carpathians mus rau Sab Hnub Tuaj.

Kuv yuav tsum lees tias kev sib ntaus nws tus kheej yog kev phem heev. Cov Hungarians tswj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab lawv kuj tiv thaiv kev tshem tawm ntawm Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam mus rau tom hav zoov. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Uriv, qhov kev faib tau rhuav tshem 21 cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam yam tsis tau poob, feem ntau yog T-26s thiab M3 Stuarts, nrog rau ntau lub T-34s. Cov Hungarians tau ntxiv plaub lub M3 Stuart tso tsheb hlau luam rau lawv lub nkoj.

Thawj qhov kev sib cuag nrog Soviet armored unit ua rau cov Hungarians paub tias 37 mm PzKpfw 38 (t) phom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig kiag li tawm tsam nruab nrab (T-34) thiab hnyav (KW) cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Ib yam li ntawd tau tshwm sim nrog cov tub rog tub rog, uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam vim tias muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj - 40-mm rab phom tiv thaiv tank. Kaum ob ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam tawm hauv qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua los ua cov neeg raug tsim txom ntawm PzKpfw IV. Tus ace ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yog tus thawj coj. Jozsef Henkey-Hoenig ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab 3rd ntawm 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, uas nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tau rhuav tshem rau tus yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov lus txib ntawm 2nd Army tig mus rau Budapest nrog kev thov ceev kom xa cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsim nyog thiab riam phom tiv thaiv tank. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1942, 10 PzKpfw III, 10 PzKpfw IV F2 thiab tsib Marder III tank destroyers raug xa los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, qhov kev faib nyiaj poob tau nce mus rau 48 PzKpfw 38(t) thiab 14 PzKpfw IV F1.

Thaum lub caij ntuj sov sib ntaus sib tua, ib tug ntawm cov tub rog bravest yog Lieutenant Sandor Horvat los ntawm 35th Infantry Regiment, uas thaum Lub Xya Hli 12, 1941 tau rhuav tshem T-34 thiab T-60 tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov mines sib nqus. Tib tug tub ceev xwm raug mob plaub zaug hauv xyoo 1942-43. thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig Gold Medal for Courage. Cov infantry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov motorized sawv daws yuav, tau txais kev pab zoo nyob rau hauv lub xeem nres ntawm lub 1st Armored Battalion thiab lub tuam txhab thib 3 ntawm lub 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion. Thaum kawg, qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Hungarian armored Division tau yuam kom 4th Guards Tank Brigade thiab 54th Tank Brigade tawm ntawm tus choj taub hau thiab thim rov qab mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej ntawm Don. Tsuas yog 130th tank brigade tseem nyob ntawm tus choj taub hau - hauv Uriv sector. Lub retreating armored brigades tshuav armored tsheb thiab motorized rifle battalions nyob rau hauv lub choj taub hau.

So ntawm Hungarian battleships nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Kolbino; thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1942

Kev poob ntawm Soviet pib nce zuj zus, thiab kev tawm tsam rau cov Hungarians lawv tus kheej tau yooj yim dua thaum lawv koom nrog PzKpfw IV F1 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Nimrod cov phom nws tus kheej. Lawv tau ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Lawv qhov hluav taws kub tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm Red Army los ntawm tus choj taub hau. Ob peb ferry thiab ferry nkoj raug puas tsuaj. Ensign Lajos Hegedyush, tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam hnyav, tau rhuav tshem ob lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam Soviet, uas twb nyob rau sab nraud ntawm Don. Lub sijhawm no, Hungarian launches tsawg heev, tsuas yog ob lub PzKpfw 38(t) tso tsheb hlau luam puas. Lub tsheb ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog ib qho uas tau txib los ntawm ib lub koom haum. Janos Rosik los ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3, uas nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tau rhuav tshem plaub tus yeeb ncuab armored tsheb.

Thaum pib lub yim hli ntuj 1942, lub Soviet 6th Army sim tsim thiab nthuav kom ntau li ntau tau tus choj taub hau nyob rau sab hnub poob bank ntawm lub Don. Ob qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob ze Uriva thiab Korotoyak. Cov lus txib ntawm 2nd Army tsis to taub hais tias lub ntsiab blows yuav mus rau Uryv, thiab tsis mus rau Korotoyak, qhov twg feem ntau ntawm lub 1st Panzer Division yog concentrated, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub reconnaissance battalion uas nyuam qhuav xa mus rau Uryv.

Qhov kev tawm tsam, uas tau pib thaum Lub Yim Hli 10, tau pib ua phem heev rau cov neeg Hungarians. Artillery ua yuam kev ua rau cov tub rog ntawm 23rd Infantry Regiment ntawm 20th Light Division, uas tau pib ua ntej ntawm Storozhevoye ntawm sab laug flank. Qhov tseeb yog tias ib qho ntawm cov battalions nce nrawm heev. Thawj qhov kev tawm tsam tau nres ntawm qhov chaw tiv thaiv zoo ntawm 53rd fortified cheeb tsam ntawm PC. A.G. Daskevich thiab ib feem ntawm 25th Guards Rifle Division Colonel. PM Safarenko. Tankers ntawm 1st armored battalion ntsib muaj zog thiab txiav txim siab tsis kam los ntawm Soviet 29th anti-tank artillery pab pawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pab pawg tshwj xeeb infantry tau kawm txog kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tau tos rau Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv lub tank yuav tsum tau siv rab phom ntau zaus thiab cov grenades tes, thiab qee zaum txawm tias tua hluav taws ntawm ib leeg nrog rab phom tshuab txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov armor ntawm Red Army. Kev tawm tsam thiab tag nrho kev sib ntaus sib tua tau dhau los ua qhov tsis ua tiav loj.

Camouflaged Nimrod self-propelled phom ntawm 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion, 1942

Ib lub tso tsheb hlau luam tsoo lub mine ze ntawm Korotoyak thiab hlawv nrog rau tag nrho cov neeg coob. Lub Hungarian infantry raug kev puas tsuaj loj los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Soviet nres thiab foob pob hluav taws; txawm zoo heev tiv thaiv huab cua. Lieutenant Dr. Istvan Simon tau sau tias: “Hnub yog hnub phem heev. Cov uas tsis tau nyob ntawd yeej yuav tsis ntseeg lossis ntseeg tsis tau li... Peb mus tom ntej, tab sis ntsib cov phom loj loj uas peb raug yuam kom thim rov qab. Tus tauj ncov loj Topai tuag [Captain Pal Topai, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab thib ob tank - kwv yees. ed.] ib. ... Kuv yuav nco ntsoov qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua thib ob rau Uryv-Storozhevo.

Hnub tom qab, Lub Yim Hli 11, kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv cheeb tsam Krotoyak, thaum sawv ntxov lub tank 2nd battalion tau ceeb toom thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj hnyav rau cov tub rog liab tawm tsam. Kev poob ntawm sab Hungarian yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Tus so ntawm 1st Panzer Division tau tawm tsam ntawm Korotoyak nrog rau German 687th Infantry Regiment ntawm 336th Infantry Division nyob rau hauv General Walter Lucht.

Hungarian tank PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 (tus qauv no muaj lub phom ntev 75 hli) los ntawm 30th Tank Regiment, lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1942.

Cov tub rog liab tau tawm tsam hauv cheeb tsam Krotoyak thaum Lub Yim Hli 15, 1941. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, tag nrho cov tub rog Hungarian tau tibneeg hu tauj coob tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab. Tsuas yog thawj hnub, 10 Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam raug rhuav tshem, feem ntau yog M3 Stuart thiab T-60. Lub PzKpfw IV F1 ntawm Lajos Hegedus, uas tau rhuav tshem plaub M3 Stuarts, raug ntaus los ntawm ib qho mine thiab ob peb qhov ncaj qha hits. Tus neeg tsav tsheb thiab xov tooj cua raug tua. Thaum cov kev sib ntaus sib tua no, qee qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev cob qhia ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian tau tshwm sim. Thaum kawg ntawm hnub, tus thawj coj ntawm 687th Infantry Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Brinkmann, tau tshaj tawm rau tus thawj coj ntawm 1st Armored Division, General Lajos Veres, tias cov tub rog Hungarian los ntawm nws pawg tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog nws cov tub rog. tiv thaiv. thiab counterattack.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav txuas ntxiv mus ib hnub. Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam rhuav tshem ob tus yeeb ncuab nruab nrab tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis raug kev txom nyem hnyav heev. Ib tug tub ceev xwm muaj kev paub dhau los, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 2, Lieutenant Jozsef Partos, tuag. Nws PzKpfw 38(t) tsis muaj caij nyoog tawm tsam T-34. Ob lub Hungarian PzKpfw 38(t) tau yuam kev puas tsuaj thaum tshav kub kub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm German phom los ntawm 687th Infantry Regiment. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Krotoyak txuas ntxiv rau ob peb hnub nrog kev sib txawv. Lub Hungarian 1st Armored Division thaum Lub Yim Hli 18, 1942, suav nws qhov kev poob, uas muaj txog 410 tus neeg tuag, 32 ploj thiab 1289 raug mob. Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, 30th Tank Regiment muaj 55 PzKpfw 38(t) thiab 15 PzKpfw IV F1 hauv kev npaj txhij txog kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lwm 35 lub tank tau nyob hauv khw kho. Nyob rau ob peb hnub tom ntej no, 12th Lub Teeb Division thiab 1st Panzer Division raug tshem tawm ntawm Korotoyak. Lawv qhov chaw tau raug coj los ntawm German 336th Infantry Division, uas tau tshem tawm Soviet lub taub hau thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1942. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 201st phom tua phom ntawm Major Heinz Hoffmann thiab Hungarian aviation. Cov Soviets pom tau hais tias lawv tsis muaj zog txaus los tuav ob lub taub hau, thiab txiav txim siab los mloog zoo rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lawv - Uryva.

PzKpfw IV Ausf puas tag. F1 Corporal Rasik; Phau Tsom Faj, 1942

Qhov chaw ntawm 1st Panzer Division so, ntxiv nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv. Txawm tias ntau lub tank rov qab los ntawm kev cob qhia mus rau cov kab. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj yeem tau nce mus rau 5 Toldi, 85 PzKpfw 38(t) thiab 22 PzKpfw IV F1. Kev txhawb zog kuj tseem tuaj, xws li plaub PzKpfw IV F2 tso tsheb hlau luam nrog rab phom ntev 75 hli. Interestingly, thaum kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 1942, cov huab cua tiv thaiv systems ntawm lub Hungarian armored division tau tua 63 tus yeeb ncuab aircraft. Ntawm no, Nimrod tus kheej-propelled phom los ntawm 51st tank destroyer battalion tau cuv npe 40 (38?)

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1942, cov tub rog Hungarian tau npaj rau qhov kev sim thib peb los ua kom lub taub hau ntawm Urivo-Storozhevsky. Tankers yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txoj haujlwm no. Txoj kev npaj tau npaj los ntawm General Willibald Freiherr von Langermann und Erlenkamp, ​​tus thawj coj ntawm XXIV Panzer Corps. Raws li txoj kev npaj, qhov kev tawm tsam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau coj mus rau Storozhevoye ntawm sab laug flank, thiab tom qab nws raug ntes, 1st Panzer Division yog mus tua cov hav zoov Ottisia kom rhuav tshem cov tub rog Soviet sab nraum qab. Tom qab ntawd cov tub rog yeeb ncuab yuav tsum tau ua kom ncaj qha rau ntawm tus choj taub hau. Hmoov tsis zoo, German general tsis tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub tswv yim ntawm cov tub ceev xwm Hungarian, uas twb tau tawm tsam ob zaug hauv cheeb tsam. Cov tub rog ntawm 1st Panzer Division tau hais kom tawm tsam cov tub rog tiv thaiv lub taub hau kom sai li sai tau, tsis txhob hla hav zoov, ncaj qha rau ntawm Selyavnoye. Tus German general ntseeg hais tias tus yeeb ncuab yuav tsis muaj sij hawm los xa cov reinforcements hla tus choj.

Kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 9, 1942 tau pib ua ib qho ntawm cov ntshav siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Don. Nyob rau sab laug flank, German 168th Infantry Division (Commander: General Dietrich Kreiss) thiab Hungarian 20th Light Division (Commander: Colonel Geza Nagye), txhawb nqa los ntawm 201st Assault Gun Battalion, tau tawm tsam Storozhevoe. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tau ntsib kev tiv thaiv muaj zog thiab lawv txoj kev vam meej qeeb. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias Cov Tub Rog Liab tau yuav luag ib hlis los hloov lawv txoj haujlwm mus rau hauv lub fortress tiag tiag: cov dug-hauv T-34 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 3400 mines nyob ntawm tus choj taub hau tau ua lawv txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau yav tav su, ib pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm 1 Pawg Tub Rog, 30th Tank Regiment, txib los ntawm Capt. MacLary, raug xa mus los txhawb kev tawm tsam. Sergeant Janos Chismadia, tus thawj coj ntawm PzKpfw 38 (t), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws tus kheej rau hnub ntawd. Ib tug Soviet T-34 dheev tshwm sim tom qab lub German infantry tawm tsam, tab sis cov neeg coob ntawm Hungarian tank tswj kom puas nws nyob ze heev; uas yog ib qho kev tshwm sim tsawg heev. Tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawd, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tank tau tso nws lub tsheb los rhuav tshem ob lub tsev nyob nrog cov nyiaj pab. Nyob rau hnub ntawd, nws thiab nws cov tub txib tuaj yeem ua tau 30 tus neeg raug txim ua tsov rog. Tus tub rog tau txais txiaj ntsig Silver Order of Courage.

PzKpfw IV Ausf. F1. Zoo li Wehrmacht, Hungarian 1st Panzer Division muaj tsawg dhau los tsim cov cuab yeej los tiv thaiv Soviet KW thiab T-34.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua tau tsiv mus rau lub zos nws tus kheej thiab ib puag ncig ntawm 10 Cuaj hlis. PzKpfw IV tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3 tau rhuav tshem ob lub T-34s thiab ib KW thiab yuam kom cov tankers ntawm 116th tank brigade rov qab sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub zos. Ob tug ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam raug puas tsuaj los ntawm ib tug tub rog. Janos Rosik. Thaum cov Hungarians, thawb cov yeeb ncuab rov qab, yuav luag tawm hauv lub zos, Roshik lub laub raug ntaus los ntawm lub plhaub phom 76,2-mm. Lub tank tawg, tag nrho cov neeg coob tuag. Lub 30th Tank Regiment poob ib qho ntawm nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tshaj plaws.

Cov tub rog German-Hungarian ua ke tau ntes Storozhevoye, poob ob lub PzKpfw 38 (t) ntxiv. Thaum sib ntaus sib tua no, Sgt. Gyula Boboytsov, platoon commander ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 3. Lub caij no, ntawm sab xis, 13th Light Division tau tawm tsam Urive, ntes feem ntau ntawm nws lub hom phiaj hauv ob hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau sijhawm, qee qhov ntawm kev faib tau raug yuam kom thim rov qab vim muaj kev tawm tsam loj heev hauv Soviet. Thaum sawv ntxov lub Cuaj Hlis 11, tag nrho cheeb tsam Storozhev tau nyob los ntawm cov tub rog German-Hungarian. Kev nce qib ntxiv yog txwv los ntawm nag hnyav.

Nyob rau yav tav su, cov Hungarian tankers raug xa mus tua los ntawm Ottissia hav zoov, tab sis raug nres los ntawm cov phom tua phom tua los ntawm cov chaw nyob ntawm ntug hav zoov. Ob peb lub tsheb raug puas tsuaj. Peter Luksch (nce mus rau loj thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj kawg), tus thawj coj ntawm 2nd armored battalion, raug mob hnyav nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab los ntawm lub plhaub tawg thaum sab nraum lub tank. Tus thawj coj tau hais kom ua. Tibor Karpaty, tam sim no tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 5. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 6th thiab 54th tank brigades tau pauv mus rau lub taub hau ntawm Soviet Army 130th Army, uas suav nrog, ntawm lwm yam, tso tsheb hlau luam nrog lub zog ntawm 20 kW thiab ntau T-34s.

Ib tug zoo tshaj plaws Hungarian tankers, Lieutenant Istvan Simon; Xyoo 1942

Cuaj hlis 12, 1942 cov tub rog German-Hungarian raug yuam kom hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tawm tsam. Thaum sawv ntxov, hnyav artillery hluav taws los ntawm sab hnub tuaj ntug dej ntawm lub Don poob rau cov Hungarians thiab Germans npaj mus tua. Lieutenant Colonel Endre Zador, tus thawj coj ntawm 30th Armored Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Rudolf Resch raug mob hnyav, cov lus txib ntawm cov tub rog raug coj los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm 1st Armored Battalion. Txawm tias qhov pib ua tsis tiav, qhov kev tawm tsam tau ua tiav. Tus thawj tub rog tshiab, ua tus thawj coj kev tawm tsam hauv thawj nthwv dej, rhuav tshem rau rab phom tiv thaiv tank thiab ob rab phom phom. Thaum ncav lub taw ntawm Hill 187,7, nws tawm ntawm nws lub tsheb thiab koom nrog kev tawm tsam ncaj qha, ua rau ob tus yeeb ncuab nkaum. Tom qab Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam raug kev puas tsuaj hnyav, Soviet infantry tau tsav lub Hungarian infantry los ntawm lub roob tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus choj taub hau. Cov tub rog ntawm 168th Rifle Division pib khawb rau ntawm cov haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm. Txog rau yav tsaus ntuj, KW tso tsheb hlau luam tau tshwm sim ntawm sab laug flank. Thaum kawg ntawm lub hnub, ib tug loj heev Soviet tawm tsam dislodged cov Germans los ntawm lawv cov defensive txoj hauj lwm ntawm Hill 187,7. 2nd armored battalion cap. Tibor Karpatego raug yuam kom tawm tsam. Corporal Mocker piav txog kev sib ntaus sib tua hnub ntawd:

Peb sawv ntawm 4:30 thiab npaj tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm. Corporal Gyula Vitko (tus neeg tsav tsheb) tau npau suav tias peb lub tank raug ntaus... Txawm li cas los xij, Lieutenant Halmos tsis tau cia peb xav ntev ntev txog qhov kev lees txim no: "Pib cav. Kauj ruam!" ... Nws sai sai tau pom tseeb tias peb nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev tawm tsam Soviet ntawm txoj kab kev sib cuag ... Lub German infantry nyob rau hauv lawv txoj hauj lwm, npaj txhij mus tua. ... Kuv tau txais ib daim ntawv qhia luv luv los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog ntawm sab xis, tej zaum Lieutenant Attila Boyaska (platoon tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab thib 6), uas tau thov kev pab sai li sai tau: "Lawv yuav tua peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam ib zaug! Kuv tawg. Peb xav tau kev pab tam sim ntawd!"

Lub 1st tank battalion kuj nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj txoj hauj lwm. Nws tus thawj coj tau thov kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Nimrods los tawm tsam cov tub rog Soviet tawm tsam. Tub ceev xwm txuas ntxiv:

Peb tau mus rau lub tank ntawm tus tauj ncov loj Karpathy, uas yog nyob rau hauv hnyav hluav taws kub ... Muaj ib tug loj loj huab cua ntawm pa taws thiab hmoov av nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Peb tsiv mus rau pem hauv ntej kom txog thaum peb mus txog lub hauv paus hauv paus ntawm German infantry. ... ib lub tank Lavxias teb sab tau txav mus thoob plaws hauv qab peb qhov hluav taws kub hnyav. Peb tus neeg tua phom Njerges rov qab tua sai heev. Nws tua armor-piercing shells ib tug tom qab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam tsis raug. Peb lub plhaub tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej ntawm cov yeeb ncuab tank. Qhov kev tsis txaus siab no yog qhov txaus ntshai! Cov tub rog Soviet rhuav tshem tus thawj coj ntawm PzKpfw 38 (t) faib Karpaty, uas, hmoov zoo, tawm ntawm lub tsheb. Qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm 37-mm phom ntawm Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam tau paub rau cov neeg Hungarians, tab sis tam sim no nws tau pom tseeb tias cov Soviets kuj paub txog nws thiab yuav coj kom zoo dua. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm Hungarian zais cia hais tias: "Cov Soviets dag peb thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua thib ob ntawm Uriva ... T-34s rhuav tshem yuav luag tag nrho cov panzer faib hauv ob peb feeb."

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib ntaus sib tua tau pom tias cov tub rog armored units xav tau PzKpfw IV, uas tuaj yeem tawm tsam T-34 tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis tseem muaj teeb meem nrog KW. Txog hnub kawg, tsuas yog plaub PzKpfw IV thiab 22 PzKpfw 38(t) tau npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua. Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Cuaj Hlis 13, cov neeg Hungarians tau rhuav tshem yim T-34s thiab ua rau ob lub KV puas. Lub Cuaj Hlis 14, Tub Rog Liab tau sim rov qab los ntawm Storozhevoe, tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Hnub kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, kev sib ntaus sib tua thib peb rau Uriv, yog lub Cuaj Hlis 16, 1942. Cov Hungarians tua tsib Nimrod nws tus kheej-propelled phom los ntawm 51st tank destroyer battalion, uas ua rau lub neej ntawm Soviet tankers unbearable los ntawm 40-mm ceev-hluav taws cannons. Soviet armored units kuj raug kev puas tsuaj loj rau hnub ntawd, incl. 24 lub tank raug rhuav tshem, suav nrog rau 30 KWs. Txog hnub kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, 12 lub Tank Regiment muaj 38 PzKpfw 2(t) thiab 1 PzKpfw IV F10. Cov tub rog German-Hungarian poob 2 8 tus neeg. neeg: XNUMX txhiab tus neeg tuag thiab ploj lawm thiab XNUMX txhiab tus raug mob.

Hungarian tank PzKpfw IV Ausf. F2 thiab infantry hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Krotoyak thiab Uriv; Xyoo 1942

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 3, German XXIV Panzer Corps poob nws tus thawj coj, General Langermann-Erlankamp, ​​​​tus neeg tuag los ntawm kev tawg ntawm 122-mm foob pob hluav taws. Ua ke nrog German general, cov thawj coj ntawm 20th Light Division thiab 14th Infantry Regiment, Colonel Geza Nagy thiab Jozsef Mik, raug tua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 1st Panzer Division muaj 50% ntawm lub nkoj pib nkoj. Kev poob hauv cov tub rog tsis zoo heev. Xya tus tub ceev xwm tau raug xa mus rau Hungary, suav nrog tus thawj coj. Laszlo Maclary; los koom rau hauv kev cob qhia cov tsheb thauj khoom rau 2nd Panzer Division. Thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis, kev txhawb nqa tuaj txog: rau PzKpfw IV F2 thiab G, 10 PzKpfw III N. Thawj tus qauv raug xa mus rau lub tuam txhab ntawm lub tank hnyav, thiab "troika" mus rau lub tuam txhab thib 5 ntawm Lieutenant Karoli Balogh.

Kev txhawb zog thiab khoom siv rau Hungarian armored Division tuaj txog maj mam. Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 3, tus thawj coj ntawm Pawg Tub Rog thib 2, General Gustav Jahn, tau tawm tsam rau cov neeg German hauv kev sib txuas nrog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm xa cov khoom seem rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv zog los nqa cov khoom siv thiab riam phom sai li sai tau.

Hmoov zoo, tsis muaj kev sib cav loj heev. Tsuas yog kev sib tsoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Hungarian armored division tau koom rau lub Kaum Hlis 19, 1942 nyob ze Storozhevo; 1st armored battalion cap. Gezi Mesolego rhuav tshem plaub lub Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam. Txij li thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis, 1st Panzer Division tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw cia ntawm 2nd Army. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov phom loj ntawm qhov kev faib tau raug kho dua tshiab, dhau los ua cov phom loj loj (los ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 1942). Nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis, qhov kev faib tau txais tsib Marders IIs, uas yog lub tank destroyer squadron txib los ntawm Capt. S. Pal Zergeni. Txhawm rau rov txhim kho 1st Panzer Division nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis, cov neeg German tau xa 6 tus tub ceev xwm, cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub rog thiab tub rog los ntawm 50th Panzer Regiment rau kev rov ua haujlwm.

Lawv tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv xyoo 1943.

Cov tub rog ntawm 2nd Panzer Division ntawm Don, lub caij ntuj sov 1942.

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2, 1943, 1st Armored Division tau xa ncaj qha mus rau cov tub rog ntawm General Hans Kramer, uas suav nrog 29th thiab 168th Infantry Divisions, 190th Assault Gun Batalion thiab 700th Armored Division. Hnub no, lub koom haum Hungarian suav nrog 8 PzKpfw IV F2 thiab G, 8 PzKpfw IV F1, 9 PzKpfw III N, 41 PzKpfw 38 (t), 5 Marder II thiab 9 Toldi.

Ua ke nrog cov koom haum ntawm 2nd Army, 1st Panzer Division yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab pem hauv ntej ntawm Don, nrog rau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm Voronezh. Thaum lub caij ntuj no kev tawm tsam ntawm Red Army, cov tub rog ntawm 40th Army tau tawm tsam Uriva tus choj taub hau, uas ntxiv rau cov tub ceev xwm phom loj, suav nrog plaub pawg phom loj thiab peb cov tub rog tub rog nrog 164 tso tsheb hlau luam, suav nrog 33 KW tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 58 T- 34 tank ua. Lub Soviet 18th Rifle Corps ntaus los ntawm Shutier choj taub hau, nrog rau ob lub armored brigades nrog 99 tso tsheb hlau luam, suav nrog 56 T-34s. Nws yuav tsum nce mus rau sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb kom tau raws li 3rd Panzer Army ntawm Kantamirovtsy. Los ntawm sab ntawm Kantemirovka, nyob rau sab qab teb tis, Soviet armored pab tub rog tau nce, nrog 425 (+53?) tso tsheb hlau luam, suav nrog 29 KV thiab 221 T-34s. Lub Soviets kuj tau txais kev txhawb nqa phom loj txaus, nyob rau hauv Uriv sector nws yog 102 chim ib kilometer ntawm pem hauv ntej, nyob rau hauv Shtushya - 108, thiab nyob rau hauv Kantemirovtsy - 96. nyob rau hauv lub Uriv sector, 122-mm howitzers raug tua 9500 rounds, 76,2-mm phom - 38 teev. , thiab artillery foob pob ua ntxaij launchers - 000 missiles.

Camouflaged Hungarian tank txoj haujlwm; Krotoyak, Lub Yim Hli 1942.

Lub ib hlis ntuj 12, 1943 raws li ib feem ntawm lub 1st Hungarian Armored Division (tus thawj coj: Colonel Ferenc Horváth, nce mus rau Major General nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1943, Chief of Staff: Major Karoli

Chemez) yog:

• 1st Battalion of Rapid Communications - Capt. Cornel Palotasi;
• 2nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group - Major Illes Gerhardt, suav nrog: 1st Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Major Gyula Jovanovich, 5th Motorized Medium Artillery Group - Lieutenant Colonel Istvan Sendes, 51st Tank Destroyer Division - Lieutenant Colonel Janos 1 Torchvari, Reconnaissance Battalion Lt. Ede Galosfay, 1th Tank Destroyer Company - Capt. Pal Zergeni;
• 1st motorized rifle regiment - lieutenant colonel Ferenc Lovay, muaj xws li: 1st motorized rifle battalion - captain. Laszlo Varadi, 2nd motorized phom battalion - Major Ishvan Khartyansky, 3rd motorized phom battalion - tus thawj coj. Ferenc Herke;
• 30th panzer pas dej - ppłk Andre Horváth, w składzi: kompania sztabowa - txij li thaum. Matyas Fogarasi, 1. zmotoryzowana kompania saperów - kpi. Laszlo Kelemen, 1st tank battalion - tus tauj ncov loj Geza Mesoli (1st tuam txhab Czolgów - squadron Janos Novak, 2nd tuam txhab Cholguw - squadron Zoltan Sekey, 3rd tuam txhab Czolguw - squadron Albert Kovacs), 2nd tank battalion - Dezo Vida. , 4. kompania czołgów - port. Felix-Kurt Dalitz, 5. kompania czołgów - port. Lajos Balázs).

Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 12, 1943, Kev Tawm Tsam Tub Rog Liab tau pib, ua ntej los ntawm kev npaj phom loj loj, ua raws li rau lub battalions txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, uas tawm tsam 3rd Battalion, 4th Regiment, 7th Light Division. Twb tau thaum lub sijhawm tua phom loj, cov tub rog tau poob txog 20-30% ntawm nws cov neeg ua haujlwm, yog li thaum yav tsaus ntuj cov yeeb ncuab rov qab 3 km. Kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tub rog Soviet ntawm Uriv yuav tsum pib thaum Lub Ib Hlis 14, tab sis nws tau txiav txim siab hloov txoj kev npaj thiab ua kom qhov kev tawm tsam sai. Thaum sawv ntxov ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 13, cov tub rog tub rog hauv tebchaws Hungarian thawj zaug tau raug hluav taws kub hnyav, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv txoj haujlwm tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam. Lub German 700th tank battalion, nruab nrog PzKpfw 38 (t), yuav luag tag nrho cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 150th tank brigade. Hnub tom qab, Soviet 18th Infantry Corps tau tawm tsam thiab poob rau hauv pawg ntawm Hungarian 12th Light Division ntawm Shuce. Lub artillery ntawm 12th Field Artillery Regiment tau rhuav tshem ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam Soviet tab sis tuaj yeem ua tau tsawg. Cov infantry pib thim rov qab yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa phom loj. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Kantemirovka, Soviet 3rd Panzer Army kuj tsoo los ntawm German kab, nws tso tsheb hlau luam coj lub hauv paus ntawm lub XXIV Panzer Corps ntawm Shilino, sab hnub poob ntawm lub nroog Rossosh, los ntawm surprise. Tsuas yog ob peb tus tub ceev xwm German thiab tub rog tau khiav tawm. Lub Ib Hlis 14 yog hnub txias tshaj plaws ntawm lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1942/43. Colonel Yeno Sharkani, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Haujlwm ntawm 2nd Corps ntawm XNUMXth Army, tau sau hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom: ... txhua yam tau khov, qhov nruab nrab kub

Lub caij ntuj no nws yog -20 ° C, hnub ntawd nws yog -30 ° C.

General Lajos Veres, tus thawj coj ntawm 1st Armored Division mus txog 1 Lub Kaum Hli 1942

Nyob rau yav tav su ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 16, units ntawm 1st Panzer Division tau pib tawm tsam ntawm Woitysh, nyob hauv 18th Infantry Corps. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug mortar nres, tus thawj coj ntawm lub 1st motorized phom loj regiment, Lieutenant Colonel Ferenc Lovai, raug mob tuag. Kev hais kom ua tau raug coj los ntawm Lieutenant Colonel Jozsef Szigetváry, uas tau sai sai los ntawm General Kramer kom tsis txhob muaj kev tawm tsam thiab thim rov qab vim tias cov tub rog Hungarian nyob rau hauv qhov txaus ntshai ntawm raug nyob ib puag ncig. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, cov Soviets tau nce mus txog 60 km tob rau hauv German-Hungarian kab ze Uriva; Qhov sib txawv hauv txoj haujlwm ze Kantemirovka yog qhov loj - 30 km dav thiab 90 km tob. Lub 12th Panzer Corps ntawm 3rd Panzer Army twb tau dim los ntawm Rossosh. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 17, Soviet armored units thiab infantry mus txog Ostrogoshki, uas yog tiv thaiv units ntawm Hungarian 13th Light Division thiab ib pab tub rog ntawm German 168th Infantry Division.

Kev khiav tawm ntawm Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam PzKpfw 38 (t); Kaum Ob Hlis 1942

Thaum sawv ntxov, lub 1 Panzer Division, nrog yim PzKpfw IIIs thiab plaub PzKpfw IVs, launched ib tug counterattack nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Dolshnik-Ostrogoshk, rhuav tshem lub Soviet motorized kem. General Kramer tso tseg qhov kev tawm tsam. Ib qho ntawm cov neeg xiam oob qhab PzKpfw IVs tau tawg. Hmoov tsis zoo rau cov chav sib faib, tsuas muaj ib txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Alekseevka, clogged nrog tib neeg thiab khoom siv, ob qho tib si nquag thiab tso tseg los yog puas. Lub Hungarian armored faib tau raug kev puas tsuaj loj thaum lub Peb Hlis Ntuj no, feem ntau yog vim tsis muaj cov khoom seem thiab roj, PzKpfw 38 (t) tso tsheb hlau luam tau poob rau hauv cov daus, yog li lawv tau tso tseg thiab tawg. Ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam yuav tsum raug rhuav tshem ntawm qhov chaw kho qhov chaw kho mob hauv Kamenka, piv txwv li, tsuas yog 1st tank battalion yuav tsum tau tshuab 17 PzKpfw 38 (t) thiab 2 PzKpfw IV thiab ntau lwm yam khoom siv.

Lub Ib Hlis 19, Hungarian armored Division tau muab txoj haujlwm ntawm kev tawm tsam rau Aleksievka. Txhawm rau txhawb qhov tsis muaj zog (txog Lub Ib Hlis 25), 559th faib ntawm tank destroyers lieutenant colonel. Wilhelm Hefner. Kev sib koom ua ke pib thaum 11:00. Junior Lieutenant Denes Nemeth los ntawm 2nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Group tau piav qhia txog qhov kev tawm tsam raws li nram no: ... peb ntsib cov hluav taws kub mortar hnyav, hnyav thiab lub teeb tshuab phom. Ib qho ntawm peb lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau tawg los ntawm ib lub mine, ob peb lub tsheb tau raug ntaus ... Los ntawm txoj kev thawj zaug, kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav pib rau txhua lub tsev, txoj kab, feem ntau nrog ib tug bayonet, thaum lub sij hawm ob tog raug kev txom nyem hnyav.

Ua kom puas Fiat 3000B tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm tub ceev xwm chav ua haujlwm hauv qab ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj; Lub caij ntuj no 1942/43

Cov Hungarians rhuav tshem plaub tus yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. Kev sib ntaus tau nres tom qab 2,5 teev, cov neeg Hungarians tau tswj hwm lub nroog rov qab los. Qhov poob ntawm kev faib yog: PzKpfw III, tawg los ntawm ib lub mine, thiab ob PzKpfw IV, puas los ntawm anti-tank artillery hluav taws. Nimrod ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab 2nd, 51st Tank Destroyer Battalion kuj tau tsoo lub mine, lwm qhov poob rau hauv qhov dej loj thaum nws tus neeg tsav tsheb raug tua ntawm lub taub hau. Qhov Nimrod no kuj tau teev tseg raws li kev poob tsis tau. Thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam, tus thawj coj ntawm PzKpfw III platoon los ntawm 3 lub tuam txhab tank, Sergeant V. Gyula Boboytsov. Thaum tav su, Soviet tiv thaiv, txhawb nqa los ntawm T-60 tso tsheb hlau luam, tau tawg los ntawm Hungarian Marder II tank destroyers. Ib tug ntawm cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kev faib yog nyob rau ntawm ib lub toj nyob ze Alekseevka.

Thaum sawv ntxov Lub ib hlis ntuj 19, lub nroog tau tawm tsam los ntawm Red Army los ntawm sab qab teb. Kev tawm tsam tau raug tshem tawm, rhuav tshem ntau T-34 thiab T-60 tso tsheb hlau luam. Txawm hais tias qhov kev vam meej no, cov xwm txheej hauv lwm cov haujlwm ntawm 2nd Army pem hauv ntej yuam cov tub rog ntawm 1st Panzer Division kom thim rov qab mus rau sab hnub poob. Thaum lub sijhawm khiav tawm, ib qho ntawm Nimrods ntawm 1 lub tuam txhab ntawm 51st tank destroyer battalion raug rhuav tshem. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau lees paub tias qhov ua tiav tsis tseem ceeb ntawm Hungarian armored unit thaum Lub Ib Hlis 18 thiab 19 ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov tub rog ntawm Kramer, 20th thiab 21st corps los ntawm Alekseevka. Thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 21-1, cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm pawg tub rog tau rhuav tshem qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv Alekseevka. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 26, 168th Panzer Division yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm lwm qhov kev tawm tsam los pab kom rov qab los ntawm German 13th Infantry Division. Nws tau ua raws li cov tub rog ntawm German 19th Infantry Division thiab Hungarian 20th Light Division tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej ntawm Ostrogosk txog thaum Lub Ib Hlis XNUMX. Cov tub rog Hungarian kawg tau tawm hauv Ostrogoshk ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm Lub Ib Hlis XNUMX.

Albert Kovacs, yog ib tus thawj coj ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 3rd Battalion, 30th Tank Regiment.

Qhov chaw ntawm lub 1st Panzer Division, npog lub retreat ntawm Ilyinka thiab Alekseevka, stumbled raws li ib tug Soviet neeg soj xyuas pab pawg neeg, uas twb swb lawm (80 tua, ob lub tsheb thauj khoom thiab ob tug anti-tank phom puas). Cov Hungarians nyob sab hnub poob ntawm Alekseevka thiab tuav nws txhua hmo nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Marder II ntawm 559th Fighter Battalion. Ob peb tus yeeb ncuab tawm tsam tau tawm tsam, rau tus neeg tau ploj. Tus neeg sib tw poob 150-200 ntawm lawv. Thaum nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 22, cov tub rog Soviet niaj hnub tawm tsam Ilyinka, tab sis qee qhov ntawm Hungarian armored Division tau tawm tsam txhua qhov kev tawm tsam. Thaum sawv ntxov ntxov ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 23, Marder II phom tus kheej tau rhuav tshem T-34s thiab T-60s. Nyob rau tib hnub, kev tawm tsam tau pib los ntawm Ilyinka raws li tus neeg saib xyuas ntawm lub corps - lossis theej, dab tsi tseem tshuav ntawm nws - Kramer. Ib txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv nyob ze Novy Oskol tau mus txog rau lub Ib Hlis 25, 1943.

Tus qauv ntawm Hungarian tank destroyer ntawm lub chassis ntawm Toldi tank. Nws yeej tsis muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm; Xyoo 1943-1944

Tom qab ob peb hnub txias tab sis nyob ntsiag to, Lub Ib Hlis 20, Soviets tau pib tawm tsam Novy Oskol. Nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub nroog no, lub tuam txhab tank thib 6 tau poob nws tus thawj coj (saib Lajos Balas, uas lub sijhawm ntawd nyob sab nraum lub tank thiab raug tua los ntawm lub tshuab rau lub taub hau). Kev tawm tsam ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tsis tuaj yeem nres. Ib feem ntawm kev faib pib thim rov qab los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tseem muaj peev xwm txwv tsis pub tawm tsam, ua rau cov tub rog liab ua ntej thiab tuav nws lub zog tseem ceeb.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv lub nroog nws tus kheej heev. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm xov tooj cua tau khaws cia los ntawm lawv, tej zaum xa los ntawm Corporal Miklos Jonas: "Kuv tau rhuav tshem riam phom Lavxias teb sab tank nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb. Peb txuas ntxiv peb txoj kev vam meej. Peb tau ntsib lub tshuab hnyav-phom thiab hluav taws kub me me los ntawm cov tsev thiab los ntawm txoj kev loj hleb. Ntawm ib qho ntawm txoj kev sab qaum teb ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, kuv tau rhuav tshem lwm rab phom tiv thaiv lub tank, uas peb tau tsav tsheb thiab tua 40 tus tub rog Lavxias nrog rab phom tshuab. Peb txuas ntxiv peb qhov kev tshaj tawm ...

Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam Turan thiab PzKpfw 38(t) hauv Ukraine; caij nplooj ntoos hlav 1943

Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua hnub ntawd, tus thawj coj tank Jonas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Hungarian: Tus Tub Ceev Xwm Cov Khoom Plig Kub rau Kev Ua Siab Loj. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov ntawm pawg tau tawm hauv lub nroog thiab rov qab mus rau lub zos Mikhailovka sab hnub tuaj ntawm Korocha. Hnub no, pawg neeg poob 26 tus neeg, feem ntau raug mob, thiab ib lub tank PzKpfw IV, uas tau tawg los ntawm cov neeg coob. Kev tawm tsam Soviet yog kwv yees li ntawm 500 tus tub rog.

Ob hnub tom ntej no ntsiag to. Tsuas yog Lub Ob Hlis 3, kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav dua, thaum lub sijhawm cov yeeb ncuab battalion raug thawb rov qab los ntawm Tatyanovsky. Hnub tom qab, 1st Panzer Division tau tshem tawm ntau qhov kev tawm tsam Soviet thiab rov qab lub zos Nikitovka, sab hnub poob ntawm Mikhailovka. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lwm cov units mus rau Koroche, 1st Panzer Division kuj tau thim rov qab. Nyob ntawd, cov neeg Hungarians tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 168th Infantry Division ntawm General Dietrich Kreis. Lub Ob Hlis 6, muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog, uas cov tub rog Soviet txeeb tau ntau lub tsev. Thaum kawg, cov tub rog Liab tau raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub nroog.

Ib qho zoo tshaj plaws Hungarian armored tsheb yog Zrinyi II phom phom; Xyoo 1943

Hnub tom qab lub nroog raug ncig peb sab. Thaum 4:45 Soviet tawm tsam pib. Ob rab phom Nimrod npaj txhij rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, tua nyob rau hauv luv luv tawg, tsawg kawg yog ib pliag nres qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm sab hnub tuaj. Thaum 6:45 teev sawv ntxov, pawg German tau thim rov qab. 400-500 tus tub rog Soviet tawm tsam nws, sim txiav nws tawm ntawm lub nroog. Kev khiav tawm ntawm Germans tau txhawb nqa los ntawm Nimrodius, uas nws qhov hluav taws kub loj tau tso cai rau kab mus txog nws qhov chaw. Tib txoj kev mus rau Belogrud coj mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub nroog. Tag nrho lwm cov chav nyob tau tso tseg Krotosha. Hungarian tankers kuj pib thim rov qab, sib ntaus sib tua tsis tu ncua. Thaum lub sijhawm khiav tawm no, Nimrod kawg tau tawg, nrog rau qhov kawg PzKpfw 38 (t), rhuav tshem hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog T-34 thiab ob lub T-60s. Cov neeg coob tau dim thiab dim. Lub Ob Hlis 7 yog hnub kawg ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua loj uas Hungarian faib tawm tsam rau sab hnub tuaj.

Tank Toldi II, rebuilt raws li German qauv, nrog rau sab armor daim hlau; Xyoo 1943

Lub Ob Hlis 9, 1st Panzer Division hla Donetsk thiab mus txog Kharkov. Tom qab kev khiav tawm, ob lub Marders IIs (xa rov qab mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1943) tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam. Qhov kev poob zaum kawg yog tus thawj coj ntawm 2nd Armored Battalion, Major Dezeu Vidats, uas tau tuag hauv tsev kho mob, mob typhus, thaum Lub Ib Hlis 21, 1943. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 28, lub tuam tsev muaj 316 tus tub ceev xwm thiab 7428 tus tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm thiab ntiag tug. Tag nrho cov kev poob ntawm kev faib rau lub Ib Hlis thiab Lub Ob Hlis 1943 yog 25 tus tub ceev xwm raug tua thiab 50 tus raug mob, lwm 9 tus neeg ploj lawm, ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis yog-commissioned cov lej muaj raws li hauv qab no - 229, 921 thiab 1128; thiab ntawm cov qib thiab cov ntaub ntawv - 254, 971, 1137. Cov kev faib tau raug xa rov qab mus rau Hungary thaum kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis 1943. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov tub rog thib ob poob thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2 txog Lub Plaub Hlis 1, 6 1943 cov tub rog: 96 raug mob, poob hnyav. mob thiab xa mus rau frostbite hauv Hungary, thiab 016 tus neeg raug tua, ntes lossis ploj lawm. Ib feem ntawm Voronezh Front hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Hungary poob tag nrho ntawm 28 cov tub rog, suav nrog 044 tus neeg raug tua.

Tsov rog mus txog ciam teb ntawm Hungary - 1944

Tom qab swb ntawm Don nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 1943, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Hungarian General tau ntsib los tham txog qhov ua rau thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev swb ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj. Txhua tus tub ceev xwm laus thiab cov tub ceev xwm tau nkag siab tias txoj kev npaj rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kho tshiab ntawm cov tub rog yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv tau mob siab rau qhov xav tau los ntxiv dag zog rau riam phom. Txwv tsis pub, cov Hungarian units sib ntaus sib tua nrog Red Army yuav tsis muaj lub sij hawm me ntsis los sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos cov ntsiab lus nrog Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam. Thaum lub sij hawm tig ntawm 1943 thiab 1944, 80 Toldi I tso tsheb hlau luam tau rov ua dua, rov ua dua nrog 40 mm phom thiab nruab nrog ntxiv 35 hli armor daim hlau rau ntawm cov armor thiab sab phaj.

Tus kheej-propelled phom "Zrinyi II" tau nruab nrog 105-mm cannon; Xyoo 1943

Thawj theem ntawm txoj haujlwm yog mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1944 thiab suav nrog kev txhim kho lub tank tshiab - 41M Turán II nrog rab phom 75 hli thiab Zrinyi II nws tus kheej-propelled artillery mount nrog rab phom 105 hli. Qhov thib ob theem yog mus txog rau 1945 thiab nws cov khoom kawg yog yuav tsum tau ib tug hnyav tank ntawm nws tus kheej ntau lawm thiab - yog hais tias ua tau - lub tank destroyer (lub thiaj li hu ua Tas M.44 program). Lub sijhawm thib ob yeej tsis siv.

Tom qab swb ntawm Don thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1, 1943, Hungarian cov lus txib tau pib siv txoj kev npaj thib peb rau kev rov tsim cov tub rog - "Knot III". Tus tshiab 44M Zrini tus kheej-propelled rab phom yog armed nrog ib tug 43-mm MAVAG 75M anti-tank phom, thiab 43M Zrini II phom yog armed nrog ib tug 43-mm MAVAG 105M howitzer. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau siv los ntawm tus kheej-propelled artillery battalions, uas yuav tsum muaj 21 Zrynya phom thiab cuaj Zriny II phom. Thawj qhov kev txiav txim yog 40, qhov thib ob 50.

Thawj battalion tau tsim nyob rau hauv Lub Xya Hli 1943, tab sis nws suav nrog Toldi thiab Turan tso tsheb hlau luam. Thawj tsib rab phom self-propelled "Zriny II" dov tawm ntawm cov kab sib dhos thaum Lub Yim Hli. Vim tias qhov qis qis qis ntawm Zrynya II, tsuas yog 1st thiab 10th kev sib ntaus sib tua phom sib faib tau ua tiav, 7th tua phom faib tau nruab nrog German StuG III G phom, thiab lwm chav Hungarian tau txais German tus kheej-propelled phom Hetzer. . Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li hauv cov tub rog German, qhov chaw ntawm cov phom tua phom yog ib feem ntawm cov tub rog artillery.

Hungarian, tsis yog armored troops.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau pom tseeb tias cov thev naus laus zis tshiab muaj qhov tsis zoo cuam tshuam nrog kev txwv tsim. Yog li ntawd, nws tau npaj yuav rov ua dua lub hauv qab ntawm Turan tank rau kev teeb tsa ntawm 75-mm phom. Qhov no yog li cas lub Turan III yuav tsum tau tsim. Nws kuj tau npaj los hloov Toldi rau hauv lub tank destroyer los ntawm kev txhim kho German 40 mm Pak 75 anti-tank phom ntawm armored qhib hull superstructure. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj dab tsi los ntawm cov phiaj xwm no. Vim li no, Weiss Manfred tau teev npe raws li ib qho uas yuav tsum tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv kev tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm Tas tank, nrog rau rab phom nws tus kheej raws li nws. Cov phiaj xwm thiab cov neeg tsim qauv feem ntau tso siab rau German tsim - Panther tank thiab Jagdpanther tank destroyer.

Lub Hungarian detachment, txhawb nqa los ntawm Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam, hla tus dej raws tus choj puas; Xyoo 1944

Lub tank Hungarian Tas yuav tsum tau ua tub rog nrog lub phom loj uas ua rau Hungarian, ntau dua ib daim qauv ntawm Panther cannon, thiab rab phom nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ua tub rog nrog 88-mm cannon, tib yam li German Tiger tank. tau riam phom nrog. . Cov qauv ua tiav ntawm Tas lub tank raug rhuav tshem thaum lub sijhawm US foob pob rau Lub Xya Hli 27, 1944 thiab tsis tau muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm.

Txawm tias ua ntej kev nkag tebchaws ntawm Hungary mus rau hauv kev ua tsov ua rog thiab thaum tsov rog, tsoomfwv Hungarian thiab tub rog tau sim kom tau txais daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm Germans los tsim lub tank niaj hnub. Xyoo 1939-1940, kev sib tham tau pib mus yuav daim ntawv tso cai rau PzKpfw IV, tab sis cov neeg German tsis xav pom zoo rau qhov no. Xyoo 1943, ib tus phooj ywg German thaum kawg tau muag daim ntawv tso cai rau lub tank qauv no. Cov neeg Hungarians nkag siab tias qhov no yog lub tshuab txhim khu kev qha, "tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Panzerwaffe", tab sis suav tias yog tus qauv tsim tawm. Lub sijhawm no lawv tsis kam. Rov qab los, lawv tau sim kom tau txais kev tso cai los tsim lub tank tshiab, Panther, tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm xyoo 1944, thaum qhov xwm txheej nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej hloov pauv loj, cov Germans puas tau pom zoo muag daim ntawv tso cai rau Panther tank, tab sis nyob rau hauv lem lawv thov ib tug astronomical sum ntawm 120 lab ringgits (txog 200 lab penge). Qhov chaw uas cov tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj yeem tsim tau kuj dhau los ua teeb meem ntau dua. Pem hauv ntej tau los ze rau ntawm ciam teb Hungarian txhua hnub. Vim li no, Hungarian armored units yuav tsum tau cia siab rau lawv cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm German cov phooj ywg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li lub Peb Hlis 1944, cov tub rog tsis tu ncua tau ntxiv dag zog nrog peb lub roj teeb faib ntawm cov phom tus kheej (tsis hais seb puas muaj lub tsheb tub rog nyob rau hauv cov tub rog tshawb nrhiav).

Lub Hungarian infantry thaum lub sij hawm khiav tawm siv lub tank Turan II; lub caij nplooj zeeg 1944

Hungary kev koom tes hauv kev ua tsov rog yeej tsis muaj neeg nyiam heev. Yog li ntawd, Regent Horthy tau pib sib tham zais cia nrog cov phoojywg kom thim tawm ntawm kev ua tsov rog tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kos npe rau kev sib cais sib cais. Berlin nrhiav pom cov kev ua no, thiab thaum Lub Peb Hlis 19, 1944, Kev Ua Haujlwm Margaret pib. Admiral Horthy tau raug kaw hauv tsev, thiab tsoomfwv tus menyuam roj hmab tau tuav lub zog hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov tub rog Hungarian tau ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv lub siab los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, Hungarian hais kom xa 150 cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm ntawm 000st Army (tus thawj coj: General Lajos Veress von Dalnoki) los ntsaws qhov sib txawv nyob rau sab hnub tuaj kab uas tshwm sim nyob rau sab qab teb hnub poob Ukraine, ntawm ko taw ntawm Carpathians. Nws yog ib feem ntawm Pawg Tub Rog "Northern Ukraine" (tus thawj coj: Field Marshal Walter Model).

Cov Germans pib reorganize cov tub rog Hungarian. Lub hauv paus loj dua tau raug muab tshem tawm, thiab cov chaw cia tshiab tau pib tsim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nyob rau hauv 1944-1945, cov Germans muab Hungary nrog 72 PzKpfw IV H tso tsheb hlau luam (52 ​​nyob rau hauv 1944 thiab 20 nyob rau hauv 1945), 50 StuG III G phom phom (1944), 75 Hetzer tank destroyers (1944-1945), thiab. Raws li tus naj npawb tsawg dua ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam Pantera G, uas muaj tej zaum xya (tej zaum ob peb ntxiv), thiab Tygrys, ntawm cov tsheb thauj neeg Hungarian tau txais, tej zaum 13 daim. Nws yog ua tsaug rau cov khoom ntawm German armored riam phom uas lub zog sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 1st thiab 2nd Panzer Division tau nce. Ntxiv nrog rau Turan I thiab Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim, lawv tau nruab nrog German PzKpfw III M thiab PzKpfw IV H. Cov Hungarians kuj tsim yim faib ntawm cov phom tus kheej uas muaj German StuG III thiab Hungarian Zrinyi phom.

Thaum pib ntawm 1944, cov tub rog Hungarian muaj 66 Toldi I thiab II tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 63 Toldi IIa tso tsheb hlau luam. Lub Hungarian 1st Cavalry Division tau raug xa mus tua cov neeg koom nrog sab hnub tuaj Poland, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau tawm tsam kev tawm tsam ntawm Red Army thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm Bagration ua ib feem ntawm Pab Pawg Tub Rog. Thaum lub sijhawm khiav tawm ntawm Kletsk mus rau Brest-on-Bug, kev faib poob 84 Turan thiab 5 Toldi tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov Germans txhawb kev faib nrog Marder roj teeb thiab xa mus rau thaj tsam Warsaw. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1944, 1st Cavalry Division raug xa mus rau Hungary thiab 1st Hussars tau los ua nws qhov chaw.

Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam teej tug mus rau 2nd Hungarian armored faib; Xyoo 1944

Cov tub rog 1, xa mus rau pem hauv ntej, kuj suav nrog 2nd Panzer Division (tus thawj coj: Colonel Ferenc Oshtavits) thiab 1st Assault Gun Battalion tshiab. Tsis ntev tom qab tuaj txog rau pem hauv ntej, 2nd Panzer Division tau pib tawm tsam tawm tsam cov kab hauv Soviet thiaj li coj txoj haujlwm yooj yim tiv thaiv. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua rau txoj hauj lwm piav raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm fortification 514, lub Hungarian Turanians tau tawm tsam nrog Soviet T-34/85 tso tsheb hlau luam. Kev tawm tsam ntawm Hungarian armored rog pib thaum tav su ntawm 17 Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Tsis ntev, Hungarian Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam tsoo nrog T-34/85, maj nrawm mus rau kev pab ntawm cov tub rog Soviet. Cov Hungarians tswj kom rhuav tshem ob ntawm lawv, tus so rov qab. Txog thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 18, cov tub rog ntawm pawg tau nce mus rau ntau qhov kev qhia ntawm lub nroog Nadvirna, Solotvina, Delatin thiab Kolomyia. Lawv thiab 16th Infantry Division tau tswj kom ncav cuag txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Stanislavov - Nadvorna.

Txawm tias muaj zog tiv thaiv ntawm Soviet 351st thiab 70th Infantry Divisions, txhawb nqa los ntawm ob peb lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 27th thiab 8th Armored Brigades thaum pib ntawm kev tawm tsam, 18th Reserve Hungarian Division coj Tysmenich. Lub 2nd Roob Rifle Brigade kuj tau ua tiav, rov qab tau rov qab los ntawm Delatin ploj lawm ntawm sab xis. Lub Plaub Hlis 18, tau yeej lub tank sib ntaus sib tua rau Nadvirna, cov neeg Hungarians tau caum thiab thawb rov qab raws Prut hav mus rau Kolomyia. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tuaj yeem nqa lub nroog tiv thaiv tawv ncauj. Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm Soviet tau zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub Plaub Hlis 20, 16th Infantry Division hla cov dej o ntawm Bystrica thiab kaw cov tub rog Soviet nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab me me ze Ottyn. 500 tus tub rog raug ntes, 30 rab phom loj thiab 17 rab phom raug ntes; xya ntxiv T-34/85s raug rhuav tshem hauv kev nqis tes ua. Cov Hungarians poob tsuas yog 100 tus neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txoj kev taug kev tau nres los ntawm Kolomyia.

Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1944, 1st Assault Gun Battalion nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Captain M. Jozsef Barrankay, uas nws cov phom Zrinya II ua tau zoo. Lub Plaub Hlis 22, 16th Rifle Division tau tawm tsam los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm 27th Tank Brigade. Cov phom self-propelled nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, rhuav tshem 17 T-34/85 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab tso cai rau cov tub rog nyob hauv Khelbichin-Lesny.

phom tus kheej "Zrinyi II" nrog infantry ntawm kev tiv thaiv; thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1944

Lub Plaub Hlis kev tawm tsam ntawm Pawg Tub Rog 1 tau ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb - txhawm rau txhawm rau cov tub rog Soviet. Nws kuj tau yuam cov Tub Rog Liab ua ntau pawg hauv cheeb tsam Kolomyia. Kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kab pem hauv ntej tau rov qab los. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi them rau qhov no los ntawm Cov Tub Rog 1st tau siab. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm 2nd Panzer Division, uas poob yim Turán I tso tsheb hlau luam, cuaj Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam, plaub Toldi, plaub Nimrod tus kheej-propelled phom thiab ob lub Csaba armored tsheb. Ntau lwm lub tank tau puas lossis puas lawm thiab yuav tsum tau rov qab kho dua. Kev faib tawm poob 80% ntawm nws lub tank rau lub sijhawm ntev. Hungarian tankers muaj peev xwm khaws cia rau ntawm lawv tus account 27 cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam, feem ntau lawv yog T-34/85 thiab tsawg kawg yog ib qho M4 Sherman. Txawm li cas los xij, 2nd Panzer Division tsis tuaj yeem ntes Kolomyia, txawm tias muaj kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lwm cov tub rog Hungarian.

Yog li ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian thiab German tau teeb tsa, uas tau pib thaum hmo ntuj ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 26-27 thiab kav mus txog rau lub Tsib Hlis 2, 1944. lub 73rd hnyav tank battalion, txib los ntawm ib tug thawj coj, tau koom nyob rau hauv nws. Rolf Ntawm. Ntxiv nrog rau German tso tsheb hlau luam, 19th squadron ntawm Lieutenant Erwin Schildey (los ntawm 503rd tuam txhab ntawm 2nd battalion ntawm 3rd armored regiment) koom nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, muaj xya Turán II tso tsheb hlau luam. Thaum kev sib ntaus sib tua xaus rau lub Tsib Hlis 1, lub tuam txhab, uas suav nrog 3rd squadron, tau thim rov qab mus rau tom qab ze Nadvirna.

Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 2nd Panzer Division txij lub Plaub Hlis 17 txog Lub Tsib Hlis 13, 1944 suav nrog: 184 raug tua, 112 ploj thiab 999 raug mob. Lub 3rd motorized rifle regiment raug kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws, 1000 cov tub rog thiab cov tub ceev xwm yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov thawj coj hauv tebchaws German uas tau tawm tsam nrog Hungarian armored faib tau txaus siab los ntawm kev ua siab loj ntawm lawv cov phooj ywg. Kev lees paub yuav tsum ua siab dawb, raws li Marshal Walter Model, tus thawj coj ntawm Northern Ukraine Army Group, tau hais kom cov cuab yeej hloov mus rau 2nd Panzer Division, suav nrog ntau yam phom tua StuG III, 10 PzKpfw IV H tso tsheb hlau luam thiab 10 Tigers (tom qab ntawd muaj. peb lwm tus). Hungarian tankers tau dhau los ntawm kev cob qhia luv luv hauv qab ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj. Cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau mus rau 3 lub tuam txhab ntawm 1st battalion. Lub tom kawg yog nyob rau hauv ib tug par nrog 2nd tub rog ntawm Lieutenant Erwin Shielday thiab 3rd squadron ntawm Captain S. Janos Vedress.

Tanks "Tiger" tau nkag rau hauv qhov no vim yog vim li cas. Shields, ib tug ace ntawm Hungarian armored rog, muaj 15 rhuav tshem yeeb ncuab tsheb sib ntaus sib tua thiab kaum ob rab phom tiv thaiv tank. Nws lub tuam txhab kuj tau txais Pantera, PzKpfw IV thiab Turán II tso tsheb hlau luam. Tus lieutenant yog thawj tus coj nws pawg neeg nrog tsib "tsib" rau hauv kev tawm tsam. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 15, 2nd Panzer Division muaj peb lub Panther tso tsheb hlau luam thiab plaub Tiger tank nyob rau hauv cia. Panthers nyob rau hauv 2nd Battalion ntawm 23rd Tank Regiment. Txog rau lub Tsib Hlis 26, tus lej tom kawg tau nce mus rau 10. Lub Rau Hli, tsis muaj Tigers nyob rau hauv pawg. Tsuas yog txij Lub Xya Hli 11, rau lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm hom no rov tshwm sim, thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli 16 - xya. Nyob rau hauv tib lub hlis, peb ntxiv "Tigers" raug xa mus rau cov Hungarians, ua tsaug uas tag nrho cov tsheb xa los ntawm Germans tau nce mus rau 13. Txog rau lub lim tiam thib ob ntawm Lub Xya Hli, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Hungarian "Tigers" tau tswj hwm. rhuav tshem plaub T-34/85s, ob peb rab phom tiv thaiv tank, thiab tseem tshem tawm ntau lub bunkers thiab mos txwv depots. Cov kev sib cav sib ceg txuas ntxiv mus.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli, 1st Army tau xa mus rau Carpathians, hauv Yavornik massif, nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ua ntej Tatarka Pass hauv Gorgany. Txawm hais tias lub teb chaws txoj kev txhawb nqa tas mus li, nws tsis tuaj yeem tuav txawm tias 150-kilometer seem ntawm sab hnub tuaj, uas yog luv luv rau cov xwm txheej ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj. Lub tshuab ntawm 1 Ukrainian pem hauv ntej tsiv mus rau Lvov thiab Sandomierz. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 23, Tub Rog Liab tau pib ua phem rau Hungarian txoj haujlwm. Tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav, cov Hungarians yuav tsum tau tawm. Peb hnub tom qab, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntsiab txoj kev mus rau lub nroog ntawm Nadvorna, ib tug ntawm cov Hungarian "Tigers" rhuav tshem lub Soviet kem thiab nqa tawm ib tug nres ntawm nws tus kheej, thaum lub sij hawm uas nws rhuav tshem yim yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam, ntau phom thiab ntau lub tsheb thauj khoom. Cov neeg tua phom Istvan Lavrenchik tau txais txiaj ntsig kub "Rau Kev Ua Siab Loj". Lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm "Tiger" kuj raug kho.

Kev sib piv ntawm Turan II tank nrog M.44 Tas hnyav tank project; Xyoo 1945

Kev tawm tsam los ntawm Hungarian Tigers sab qaum teb ntawm Cherneev tshem tawm qhov txaus ntshai ntawm Stanislavov, tsawg kawg rau lub sijhawm. Hnub tom qab, Lub Xya Hli 24, cov tub rog Soviet tau tawm tsam dua thiab tawg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Lub counterattack ntawm Hungarian "tigers" ua tau me ntsis los pab. 3rd tuam txhab captain. Miklos Mathiashi, uas tsis tuaj yeem ua dab tsi tab sis ua kom qeeb ntawm kev ua ntej ntawm cov tub rog Soviet thiab npog nws tus kheej khiav tawm. Lieutenant Shieldday tom qab ntawd yeej nws qhov kev yeej nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Sib Tw ntawm Hill 514 ze lub nroog Staurnia. "Tiger", uas tau txib los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog, nrog rau lwm lub tshuab ntawm hom no, rhuav tshem 14 lub tsheb yeeb ncuab hauv tsawg dua ib nrab teev. Kev tawm tsam Soviet, uas tau kav ntev txog lub Yim Hli thaum ntxov, yuam cov neeg Hungarians tawm mus rau Hunyade kab (saib North Carpathian ntawm ciam teb Hungarian). Cov tub rog Hungarian poob 30 tus tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog hauv cov kev sib ntaus sib tua no,

raug tua, raug mob thiab ploj lawm.

Tom qab tau txhawb nqa los ntawm ob pawg German, txoj kab tiv thaiv tau tuav txawm tias rov ua yeeb ncuab tawm tsam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Dukla Pass. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Hungarian yuav tsum tau tawg xya "Tigers" vim muaj teeb meem kev lag luam thiab kev kho tsis tau ntawm lawv hauv kev tawm tsam. Tsuas yog peb lub tank npaj txhij tau raug tshem tawm. Lub yim hli ntuj cov lus ceeb toom ntawm 2nd Panzer Division tau hais tias tsis muaj ib qho kev sib ntaus sib tua-npaj Tsov thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tsuas yog ib daim ntawv hais txog peb lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm hom no uas tseem tsis tau npaj thiab tsis muaj Panthers. Qhov uas tsis tau txhais hais tias yav tas los tsis muaj nyob kiag li. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 14, tsib Panthers tau rov tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 30, tus lej ntawd raug txo mus rau ob.

German thiab Hungarian tankers ntawm lub tank hnyav "Tiger" ntawm cov tub rog Hungarian; Xyoo 1944

Thaum Romania koom nrog USSR thaum Lub Yim Hli 23, 1944, txoj haujlwm ntawm Hungarians tau dhau los ua nyuaj. Cov tub rog Hungarian raug yuam kom ua kom muaj kev tawm tsam tag nrho thiab ua ntau qhov kev tawm tsam tawm tsam cov tub rog Romanian txhawm rau tuav txoj kab ntawm Carpathians. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 5, 2nd Panzer Division tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov Romanians nyob ze lub nroog Torda. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 9, 3rd Panzer Regiment ntawm 2nd Panzer Division tau ua tub rog nrog 14 Toldi I, 40 Turan I, 14 Turan II, 10 PzKpfw III M, 10 PzKpfw IV H, XNUMX StuG III G phom phom thiab XNUMX Tiger tanks. Peb qhov ntxiv tau suav tias tsis haum rau kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis, hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lieutenant Shieldai txoj kev faib thiab pab tub rog, muaj Panther tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis tsis muaj Tsov. Tom qab qhov poob ntawm tag nrho cov "Tigers", feem ntau yog vim li cas technical thiab tsis muaj roj thaum lub sij hawm npog lub retreat ntawm lub Hungarian units, "Panthers" raug xa mus rau nws. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli, tus naj npawb ntawm Panthers tau nce los ntawm ib lub tank rau peb. Cov tsheb no kuj tau muab coj los siv zoo. Lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev kawm tsawg kawg nkaus, tswj kom rhuav tshem 16 Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam, 23 rab phom tiv thaiv tank, 20 lub zes ntawm cov phom tshuab hnyav, thiab lawv kuj tau kov yeej ob pab tub rog tub rog thiab lub roj teeb ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws. Qee cov phom tau ncaj qha los ntawm Shildi lub tso tsheb hlau luam thaum tawg los ntawm Soviet kab. Lub 1st Panzer Division tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Arad los ntawm 13 Lub Cuaj Hli mus txog Lub Kaum Hli 8. Txog thaum nruab nrab Lub Cuaj Hli, Cov Tub Rog Liab tau nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov haujlwm ntawm sab xub ntiag.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hlis 1944, Hungary, qhov teeb meem kawg ntawm txoj kev mus rau yav qab teb ciam teb ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees, tau raug hem ncaj qha los ntawm kev ua ntej ntawm Tub Rog Liab los ntawm peb sab. Lub caij nplooj zeeg Soviet-Romanian kev tawm tsam, txawm tias siv tag nrho cov peev nyiaj los ntawm Hungarians, tsis tau daig hauv Carpathians. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Arad (Lub Cuaj Hli 25 - Lub Kaum Hli 8), Hungarian 1st Panzer Division, txhawb nqa los ntawm 7th Assault Gun Battalion, rhuav tshem ntau tshaj 100 lub tsheb sib tw Soviet. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov phom tua phom ntawm lub battalion muaj peev xwm muab 67 T-34/85 tso tsheb hlau luam rau lawv tus account, thiab lwm lub tsheb ntau lub tsheb ntawm hom no tau sau tseg tias puas lossis puas tsuaj.

Cov units ntawm Marshal Malinovsky hla ciam teb Hungarian thaum Lub Kaum Hli 5, 1944. Hnub tom qab, tsib pab tub rog Soviet, suav nrog ib lub armored, tau pib tawm tsam Budapest. Cov tub rog Hungarian tau tawm tsam tawv ncauj. Piv txwv li, thaum muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm Tisza River, lub roj teeb ntawm 7th Assault Gun Battalion, Lieutenant Sandor Söke, tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm me me ntawm cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau cov tub rog thiab rhuav tshem lossis ntes T-34 /. 85 lub tso tsheb hlau luam, phom nws tus kheej SU-85, peb rab phom tiv thaiv tank, plaub mortars, 10 rab phom tshuab hnyav, 51 lub tsheb thauj khoom thiab tsheb thauj khoom, 10 lub tsheb off-road.

Qee lub sij hawm cov tub rog tua phom tau ua rau pom kev ua siab loj txawm tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm lawv lub tsheb. Plaub lub tankers los ntawm 10th Assault Gun Battalion nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm CPR. Jozsef Buzhaki tau ua ib qho kev sib tw tom qab cov yeeb ncuab kab, qhov chaw uas nws siv ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam. Lawv tau sau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov phiaj xwm ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, thiab tag nrho cov no nrog kev poob ntawm ib tus neeg tuag. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua tiav hauv zos tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo nyob rau pem hauv ntej.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm Lub kaum hli ntuj, Hungarian Nazis los ntawm Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztesek - Hungarian National Socialist Party) ntawm Ferenc Salas tau los ua hwj chim hauv Hungary. Lawv tam sim ntawd hais kom muaj kev txhawb nqa dav dav thiab txhawb lawv txoj kev tsim txom cov neeg Yudais, uas yav tas los nyiam kev ywj pheej ntawm cov txheeb ze. Txhua tus txiv neej hnub nyoog ntawm 12 thiab 70 raug hu mus rau caj npab. Tsis ntev cov Hungarians tau muab pov tseg ntawm Germans plaub pawg tshiab. Tsis tu ncua cov tub rog Hungarian tau maj mam txo, ib yam li lub hauv paus hauv paus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov chav sib xyaw German-Hungarian tshiab tau tsim. Lub hauv paus loj dua tau raug muab tshem tawm thiab cov kev faib tawm tshiab tau tsim.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 10-14, 1944, pawg tub rog ntawm General Piev los ntawm 2nd Ukrainian Front, nce mus rau Debrecen, raug txiav tawm los ntawm Fretter-Pico Army Group (German 6th thiab Hungarian 3rd pab tub rog), feem ntau yog 1st Hussar faib, 1st. Armored Division. Division thiab 20th Infantry Division. Cov rog no poob Nyiregyhaza rau 22 Lub Kaum Hli, tab sis lub nroog tau rov qab los rau 26 Lub Kaum Hli. Cov Hungarians tau xa tag nrho cov khoom muaj nyob rau pem hauv ntej. Lub convalescents lawv tus kheej tuaj yeem pab dawb los tiv thaiv lawv lub tebchaws, raws li ob zaug raug mob ace ntawm Hungarian armored tsheb, Lieutenant Erwin Shieldey, hais tias nws tseem nyob hauv pab tub rog. Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 25, sab qab teb ntawm Tisapolgar, nws lub tsev, lossis nws tus kheej ntawm lub taub hau, tau rhuav tshem ob lub T-34/85 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ob rab phom nws tus kheej hauv kev tawm tsam, thiab tseem tau rhuav tshem lossis ntes rau 25 rab phom tiv thaiv tank thiab peb mortars. . Tsib hnub tom qab, pawg tub rog, tseem nyob hauv tib cheeb tsam, tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm Red Army thaum hmo ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau tswj kom khiav tawm ntawm qhov thaiv. Hungarian tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom phom, txhawb nqa los ntawm infantry, rhuav tshem Soviet infantry battalion nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub tiaj. Thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua no, Pantera Shieldaya raug ntaus los ntawm rab phom tiv thaiv tank los ntawm qhov deb ntawm tsuas yog XNUMX m. Lub tank tiv thaiv kev ntaus thiab rammed rab phom. Txuas ntxiv qhov kev tawm tsam, cov Hungarians xav tsis thoob lub Soviet artillery roj teeb ntawm lub peb hlis ntuj thiab rhuav tshem nws.

Kev tawm tsam ntawm Budapest yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab kev tshaj tawm rau Stalin. Qhov kev tawm tsam tau pib thaum Lub Kaum Hli 30, 1944, thiab thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 4, ntau pawg tub rog Soviet tau mus txog sab nrauv ntawm lub nroog Hungarian. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sim ua kom sai sai ntes lub nroog ua tsis tiav. Cov Germans thiab Hungarians, ua kom zoo dua ntawm lub sijhawm so, nthuav lawv cov kab tiv thaiv. Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 4, cov tub rog Soviet nce los ntawm sab qab teb mus txog Lake Balaton, nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm Hungarian peev. Lub sijhawm no, Marshal Malinovsky tau tawm tsam lub nroog los ntawm sab qaum teb.

Hungarian thiab German units tau raug xaiv los tiv thaiv lub nroog Hungarian. Lub SS Obergruppenführer Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch tau hais rau Budapest garrison. Cov chav tseem ceeb hauv Hungarian yog: I Corps (1st Armored Division, 10th Infantry Division (mixed), 12th Reserve Infantry Division thiab 20th Infantry Division), Bilnitzer Artillery Assault Battle Group (1st Battalion armored tsheb, 6th, 8th thiab 9th assault artillery) , 1st hussar division (qee units) thiab 1st, 7th thiab 10th assault artillery battalions. Cov phom tua phom txhawb nqa cov neeg tiv thaiv, nrog rau tub ceev xwm sib ntaus sib tua pab pawg uas paub lub nroog zoo thiab muaj L3 / 35 tankettes ntawm lawv pov tseg. Cov German units ntawm Budapest garrison feem ntau yog IX SS roob corps. Muaj 188 tus tub rog nyob ib puag ncig.

Tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Hungarian armored unit tseem ua haujlwm yog 2nd Panzer Division. Nws tau tawm tsam ntawm sab hnub poob ntawm Budapest, hauv roob Vertes. Tsis ntev nws yuav tsiv mus cawm lub nroog. German armored divisions kuj yuav tsum maj mus rau kev cawm. Hitler txiav txim siab thim 1945th SS Panzer Corps los ntawm Warsaw cheeb tsam thiab xa mus rau Hungarian pem hauv ntej. Nws yuav tsum tau koom ua ke nrog XNUMXth SS Panzer Corps. Lawv lub hom phiaj yog los thaiv lub nroog uas nyob ze. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis XNUMX, SS Panzer Corps tau sim peb zaug txhawm rau txhawm rau hauv lub nroog Hungarian sab hnub poob ntawm Budapest.

Thawj qhov kev tawm tsam pib thaum hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 2, 1945 ntawm Dunalmas-Banchida sector. Lub 6th SS Panzer Corps tau xa mus nrog kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 3rd Army ntawm General Hermann Balck, tag nrho ntawm xya panzer faib thiab ob chav tsav tsheb, suav nrog cov xaiv: 5th SS Panzer Division Totenkopf thiab 2nd SS Panzer Division. Viking, nrog rau 31st Hungarian Panzer Division, tau txhawb nqa los ntawm ob pab tub rog ntawm Tiger II tank hnyav. Cov pab pawg poob siab tau tawg sai sai rau pem hauv ntej, tiv thaiv los ntawm 4th Guards Rifle Corps, thiab tau mus rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm 27th Guards Army mus rau qhov tob ntawm 31-210 km. Muaj xwm txheej kub ntxhov. Anti-tank tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus raug tso tseg yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa infantry thiab tau ib nrab lossis ib puag ncig tag nrho. Thaum cov Germans mus txog thaj tsam Tatabanya, muaj kev hem thawj tiag tiag ntawm lawv txoj kev tawg mus rau Budapest. Cov Soviets tau cuam tshuam ntau dua rau hauv kev tawm tsam, 1305 tso tsheb hlau luam, 5 phom thiab mortars tau siv los txhawb lawv. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Ib Hlis XNUMX, kev tawm tsam German tau nres.

Tom qab ua tsis tiav hauv thaj tsam ntawm 31st Guards Rifle Corps, German cov lus txib tau txiav txim siab hla mus rau Budapest los ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm 20th Guards Rifle Corps. Rau qhov no, ob lub SS Panzer faib thiab ib nrab ntawm Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division tau tsom mus. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj ntawm Lub Ib Hlis 7, kev tawm tsam German-Hungarian tau pib. Txawm hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov tub rog Soviet, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov tsheb armored, txhua qhov kev sim los thaiv lub nroog Hungarian tau ua tsis tiav. Pawg tub rog "Balk" tau tswj kom rov qab tsuas yog lub zos ntawm Szekesfehervar. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 22, nws mus txog Danube thiab nyob qis dua 30 km ntawm Budapest.

Pab Pawg Tub Rog "South", uas tau tuav txoj haujlwm txij lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1944, suav nrog: German 8th Army nyob rau sab qaum teb Transdanubian Territory; Pab Pawg Tub Rog Balk (German 6th Army thiab Hungarian 2nd Corps) sab qaum teb ntawm Lake Balaton; 2nd Panzer Army nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm 1945th Hungarian Corps nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Transdanubian Territory. Hauv Pawg Tub Rog Balk, German LXXII Army Corps tau tawm tsam St. Laszlo Division thiab cov seem ntawm 6th Armored Division. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 20, cov tub rog no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm 15th SS Panzer Army, suav nrog peb pawg panzer. XNUMXth Assault Gun Batalion nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Major. Lub József Henkey-Hing yog chav kawg ntawm hom no hauv cov tub rog Hungarian. Nws tau koom nrog Kev Ua Haujlwm Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav nrog XNUMX Hetzer tank destroyers. Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm no, cov tub rog no tau txais kev tswj hwm ntawm Hungarian roj teb.

Nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Peb Hlis 1945, qhov kev tawm tsam German kawg ntawm Lake Balaton tau swb lawm. Cov tub rog liab tau ua tiav qhov kev kov yeej ntawm Hungary. Nws cov tub rog zoo tshaj plaws tau tsoo los ntawm Hungarian thiab German tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub roob Vertesz, thawb lub German 6th SS Panzer Army mus rau sab hnub poob. Nrog kev nyuaj heev, nws muaj peev xwm khiav tawm ntawm German-Hungarian tus choj taub hau ntawm Gran, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm 3rd Army. Nyob rau nruab nrab Lub Peb Hlis, Pawg Tub Rog Sab Qab Teb tau mus rau kev tiv thaiv: Cov Tub Rog 8th tau ua haujlwm sab qaum teb ntawm Danube, thiab Pawg Tub Rog Balk, suav nrog 6th Army thiab 6th Army, tau coj txoj haujlwm sab qab teb ntawm nws hauv cheeb tsam mus rau Lake Balaton. Tank Army SS, nrog rau cov seem ntawm Hungarian 3rd Army. Sab qab teb ntawm Lake Balaton, cov haujlwm tau tuav los ntawm cov koom haum ntawm 2nd Panzer Army. Nyob rau hnub cov tub rog Soviet tau pib lawv qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm Vienna, cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm German thiab Hungarian nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm 5 txog 7 km.

Ntawm cov kab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua ntej ntawm Tub Rog Liab yog cov chav nyob ntawm 23rd Hungarian Corps thiab 711th German SS Panzer Corps, uas suav nrog: 96th Hungarian Infantry Division, 1st thiab 6th Infantry Divisions, 3rd Hungarian Hussar Division, 5th Panzer. Division, 2nd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf", 94th SS Panzer Division "Viking" thiab 1231st Hungarian Panzer Division, nrog rau ntau pab tub rog me thiab pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua, feem ntau tshuav dhau los ntawm yav tas los puas lawm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lub zog no muaj 270 infantry thiab motorized battalions nrog XNUMX phom thiab mortars. Cov Germans thiab Hungarians kuj muaj XNUMX lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab phom tus kheej.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 16, 1945, Tub Rog Liab tau tawm tsam nrog cov tub rog ntawm 46th Army, 4th thiab 9th Guards Army, uas yuav tsum mus txog Danube ze lub nroog Esztergom sai li sai tau. Lub chaw ua haujlwm thib ob no nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm puv ntoob thiab cov khoom siv tau tsim los tawm tsam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm 431st SS Panzer Corps nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Szekesfehervar - Chakberen. Raws li Soviet cov ntaub ntawv, lub corps muaj 2 phom thiab ib tug howitzer. Nws pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua yog raws li nram no: nyob rau sab laug tis yog lub 5th Hungarian Panzer Division (4 faib, 16 artillery roj teeb thiab 3 Turan II tso tsheb hlau luam), nyob rau hauv qhov chaw - lub 5th SS Panzer Division "Tontenkopf", thiab nyob rau sab xis tis - 325th Panzer Division. SS Panzer Division Viking. Raws li kev txhawb nqa, cov corps tau txais 97th Assault Brigade nrog XNUMX phom thiab ntau lwm pab pawg.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 16, 1945, 2nd thiab 3rd Ukrainian Fronts tau tawm tsam 6th SS Panzer Army thiab Balk Army Group, ntes Szombathely thaum Lub Peb Hlis 29, thiab Sopron rau lub Plaub Hlis 1. Hmo ntuj ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 21-22, Soviet kev tawm tsam thoob plaws Danube tsoo cov kab tiv thaiv ntawm Germans thiab Hungarians ntawm Balaton-Lake Velences kab, ze Esztergom. Nws tau muab tawm tias Hungarian 2nd Panzer Division tau raug kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws los ntawm cua daj cua dub tua hluav taws. Nws cov tub rog tsis tuaj yeem tuav lawv txoj haujlwm, thiab cov tub rog ua ntej ntawm Red Army tau tswj hwm lub nroog Chakberen tau yooj yim. German reserve rog tau maj nrawm los pab, tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Lawv me me dhau los nres kev tawm tsam Soviet txawm tias luv luv. Tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm nws qhov chaw, nrog kev nyuaj siab thiab kev poob ntau dua, dim ntawm qhov teeb meem. Zoo li lwm cov tub rog Hungarian thiab German, lawv ua raws li sab hnub poob. Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 12, Pawg Tub Rog Tub Rog Balk tau mus txog ciam teb ntawm Austria, qhov uas nws tsis ntev.