Lub Great Revolt - qhov kawg ntawm lub rooj zaum log?

Ib tug neeg uas tsis tau siv lub rooj zaum muaj log yuav xav tias muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm nws thiab ib qho exoskeleton, lossis txawm tias nws yog lub rooj zaum muaj log uas muab kev txav mus los, nrawm dua thiab muaj zog dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg xiam oob khab lawv tus kheej hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg tuag tes tuag taw tsis yog tsuas yog txav mus los, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau sawv ntawm lub rooj zaum muaj log thiab ua txoj haujlwm ncaj.

Lub Rau Hli 12, 2014, tsis ntev ua ntej 17 teev tsaus ntuj lub sijhawm hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Arena Corinthians hauv São Paulo, cov tub ntxhais hluas Brazilian hloov chaw. tsheb thauj neeg tsis tausqhov twg nws feem ntau taug kev, nws nkag mus rau hauv lub tshav pob nrog nws txhais taw thiab ua nws thawj zaug hauv Ntiaj Teb Khob. Nws hnav lub siab-tswj exoskeleton (1). 

1. Thawj pob ncaws pob hauv ntiaj teb khob hauv Brazil

Cov qauv nthuav tawm yog tshwm sim los ntawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm los ntawm pab pawg thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tsom mus rau Go Again project. Ib leeg exoskeleton Ua nyob rau Fabkis. Kev ua haujlwm tau koom tes los ntawm Gordon Cheng ntawm Technical University of Munich, thiab thev naus laus zis rau kev nyeem ntawv lub hlwb tsis yog tsim los hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nyob rau tib qhov chaw ntawm Duke University.

Qhov no yog thawj qhov kev nthuav qhia loj ntawm kev tswj lub siab hauv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab. Ua ntej qhov no, exoskeletons tau nthuav tawm hauv cov rooj sib tham lossis yees duab hauv chaw soj nstuam, thiab cov ntaub ntawv kaw tau feem ntau pom hauv Is Taws Nem.

exoskeleton tau tsim los ntawm Dr. Miguel Nicolelis thiab ib pab neeg ntawm 156 tus kws tshawb fawb. Nws lub npe yog BRA-Santos-Dumont, tom qab Albert Santos-Dumont, tus thawj coj Brazilian. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau cov lus qhia, tus neeg mob yuav tsum "xav" nws ua dab tsi los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob sensors nyob hauv cov khoom siv.

Sau keeb kwm nrog koj tus kheej ko taw

Zaj dab neeg ntawm 32-xyoo-laus Claire Lomas (2) qhia tias exoskeleton nws tuaj yeem qhib txoj hauv kev rau tus neeg tsis taus mus rau lub neej tshiab. Nyob rau hauv 2012, ib tug ntxhais British, tuag tes tuag taw ntawm lub duav rov sauv, tau nto moo tom qab ua tiav London Marathon. Nws coj nws kaum xya hnub, tab sis nws ua nws! Qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau ua tiav ua tsaug rau Israeli pob txha taub hau ReWalk.

2. Claire Lomas hnav lub ReWalk exoskeleton

Ms. Claire qhov kev ua tiav tau raug hu ua ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo 2012. Xyoo tom qab, nws pib kev sib tw tshiab nrog nws qhov tsis muaj zog. Lub sijhawm no, nws txiav txim siab caij 400 mais lossis tshaj 600 km ntawm lub tsheb kauj vab uas siv tes ua.

Raws li txoj kev, nws sim mus xyuas ntau lub nroog li sai tau. Thaum lub sij hawm layovers, nws nrhiav tau ReWalk thiab mus xyuas cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv, hais txog nws tus kheej thiab nrhiav nyiaj txiag los pab cov neeg raug mob qaum.

Cov Exoskeletons mus txog thaum hloov lub rooj zaum muaj log. Piv txwv li, lawv qeeb dhau rau tus neeg tuag tes tuag taw hla txoj kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv no tsuas yog nyuam qhuav tau sim, thiab lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau ntau yam txiaj ntsig.

Ntxiv rau qhov muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov teeb meem thiab kev nplij siab ntawm lub hlwb, lub cev pob txha muab lub sijhawm rau cov neeg siv lub rooj zaum muaj zog rau kev rov ua haujlwm zoo. Txoj hauj lwm ncaj ncees ntxiv dag zog rau lub plawv, cov leeg, kev ncig thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog los ntawm kev zaum txhua hnub.

Skeleton nrog joystick

Berkeley Bionics, paub txog nws txoj haujlwm HULC tub rog exoskeleton, tau thov tsib xyoos dhau los exoskeleton rau cov neeg tsis taus yog hu ua eLEGS (3). Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau siv tsim tsim rau cov neeg tuag tes tuag taw. Nws hnyav 20 kg thiab tso cai rau koj taug kev ntawm qhov ceev txog li 3,2 km / h. rau rau rau teev.

Cov cuab yeej tau tsim los kom tus neeg siv lub rooj zaum muaj log tuaj yeem muab tso rau thiab nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev hauv ob peb feeb xwb. Lawv hnav ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab khau, fastened nrog Velcro thiab buckles, zoo ib yam li cov siv hauv hnab ev khoom.

Kev tswj yog nqa tawm siv gestures txhais Davhlau tswj ntawm lub exoskeleton. Taug kev yog ua tiav siv cov cuab yeej los pab koj kom koj qhov sib npaug. ReWalk thiab zoo sib xws American eLEGS yog lub teeb. Nws yuav tsum raug lees paub tias lawv tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg ua tiav, yog li cov lus hais xav tau rau kev cia siab rau cov crutches. Lub tuam txhab New Zealand REX Bionics tau coj txoj kev sib txawv.

4. Rex Bionics exoskeleton

Lub REX nws tsim hnyav hnyav 38kg tab sis ruaj khov heev (4). Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus txawm tias muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov ntsug thiab sawv ntawm ib ceg. Nws kuj yog qhov sib txawv. Es tsis txhob ntsuas lub cev, tus neeg siv siv lub joystick me me. Tus neeg hlau exoskeleton, lossis REX luv luv, siv sijhawm plaub xyoos los tsim thiab tau nthuav tawm thawj zaug thaum Lub Xya Hli 14, 2010.

Nws yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm ib qho exoskeleton thiab muaj ib khub ntawm cov neeg hlau ob txhais ceg uas tso cai rau koj sawv, taug kev, txav mus rau sab, tig, lean, thiab thaum kawg taug kev. Qhov kev thov no yog rau cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm siv txhua hnub. tsheb thauj neeg tsis taus.

Cov cuab yeej tau txais tag nrho cov qauv tsim nyog hauv zos thiab tau tsim los ntawm cov lus pom zoo ntawm ntau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Kev kawm taug kev nrog cov ceg neeg hlau siv sijhawm ob lub lis piam. Cov chaw tsim khoom ua kev cob qhia ntawm REX Center hauv Auckland, New Zealand.

Lub hlwb los ua si

Tsis ntev los no, University of Houston engineer José Contreras-Vidal tau koom ua ke BCI hlwb interface rau hauv New Zealand exoskeleton. Yog li es tsis txhob siv tus pas, REX kuj tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm tus neeg siv lub siab. Thiab, tau kawg, qhov no tsis yog tib hom exoskeleton uas tso cai rau nws "tswj los ntawm lub hlwb."

Ib pawg kws tshawb fawb Kauslim thiab German tau tsim ib qho siv tau exoskeleton tswj system txo qis qis zog siv lub hlwb interface raws li cov khoom siv electroencephalographic thiab LEDs.

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov kev daws teeb meem no - zoo heev los ntawm qhov pom ntawm, piv txwv li, cov neeg siv lub rooj zaum muaj log - tau tshwm sim ob peb lub hlis dhau los hauv phau ntawv xov xwm tshwj xeeb "Journal of Neural Engineering".

Lub kaw lus tso cai rau koj mus rau pem hauv ntej, tig laug thiab sab xis, thiab nyob ruaj khov. Tus neeg siv muab EEG "lub mloog pob ntseg" rau ntawm lawv lub taub hau thiab xa cov pulses tsim nyog thaum tsom thiab saib ntawm ib qho ntawm tsib LEDs.

Txhua LED flashes ntawm ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, thiab tus neeg siv lub exoskeleton tsom rau cov LED xaiv ntawm ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, uas ua rau kev nyeem EEG sib thooj ntawm lub hlwb impulses.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, qhov system no xav tau qee qhov kev npaj, tab sis, raws li cov neeg tsim khoom paub tseeb, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm txhua lub hlwb lub suab nrov. Nws feem ntau siv cov kev xeem txog tsib feeb los kawm txog kev tswj cov exoskeleton uas txav lawv ob txhais ceg.

Tsuas yog exoskeletons.

Exoskeletons xwb lub rooj zaum muaj log - Cov thev naus laus zis no tsis tau muaj kev vam meej, thiab txawm tias cov tswv yim tshiab tau tshwm sim. Yog hais tias koj muaj peev xwm tswj inert mechanical ntsiab nrog koj lub siab exoskeletonces yog vim li cas ho tsis siv ib qho interface zoo li BCI rau inert leeg ntawm ib tug neeg tuag tes tuag taw?

5. Ib tug neeg tuag tes tuag taw taug kev nrog BCI yam tsis muaj exoskeleton.

Qhov kev daws teeb meem no tau piav qhia thaum kawg lub Cuaj Hlis 2015 hauv phau ntawv xov xwm NeuroEngineering thiab Rehabilitation Specialists los ntawm University of California ntawm Irvine, coj los ntawm Dr. An Do, nruab ib tus txiv neej tuag tes tuag taw 26 xyoo rau tsib xyoos nrog EEG pilot. ntawm nws lub taub hau thiab mus rau hauv electrodes uas khaws cov hluav taws xob impulses nyob rau hauv cov leeg nyob ib ncig ntawm nws lub hauv caug immobilized (5).

Ua ntej nws tuaj yeem siv nws ob txhais ceg dua tom qab xyoo ntawm kev tsis tuaj yeem, nws pom tau tias nws yuav tsum tau mus dhau qhov kev cob qhia ib txwm muaj rau cov neeg siv BCI interfaces. Nws kawm hauv kev muaj tiag virtual. Nws kuj yuav tsum ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov leeg nqaij kom txhawb nqa qhov hnyav ntawm nws lub cev.

Nws tswj tau taug kev 3,66 meters nrog tus neeg taug kev, uas tso cai rau nws tswj nws qhov sib npaug thiab hloov qee qhov ntawm nws lub cev hnyav. Tsis muaj teeb meem yuav ua li cas xav tsis thoob thiab paradoxical nws yuav zoo li, nws tau tswj hwm nws cov ceg!

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb uas tau ua cov kev sim no, cov txheej txheem no, ua ke nrog kev pab kho tshuab thiab cov khoom siv dag zog, tuaj yeem rov qab ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev txav mus los rau cov neeg xiam oob khab thiab cov neeg tuag tes tuag taw thiab muab kev txaus siab ntau dua li exoskeletons. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tawm tsam loj wagon zoo li yuav tshwm sim.