Taub Blue
Glucose yog ib qho tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas tau faib thoob plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Nws tau kwv yees tias cov nroj tsuag tsim tawm txog 100 billion tons ntawm nws hauv ib xyoos los ntawm photosynthesis!
Glucose molecules kuj yog ib feem ntawm ntau lub tebchaw, piv txwv li, sucrose, starch, cellulose. Glucose nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov yog nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib daim ntawv (ob isomers txawv nyob rau hauv configuration) nrog ib tug me me admixture ntawm cov saw daim ntawv. Ob daim ntawv nplhaib yog hloov los ntawm cov saw hlau - qhov tshwm sim no hu ua mutarotation (los ntawm lat. Hloov = pauv).
Nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm kev sib npaug, cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov piam thaj molecule yog raws li nram no (nyob rau hauv lub junctions ntawm bonds, carbon atoms nrog rau tus xov tooj ntawm hydrogen atoms raug tshem tawm kom meej meej ntawm daim duab):
Cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm cov saw hlau ua rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov piam thaj (tom qab noj nws raug txo los ntawm cov ntawv nplhaib), piv txwv li, Trommer thiab Tollens tests. Tab sis cov no tsis yog cov yeeb yuj nkaus xwb uas cuam tshuam nrog qhov sib xyaw no.
Hauv kev sim Peb yuav siv cov piam thaj, sodium hydroxide, NaOH thiab methylene xiav dye (duab 1), siv, ntawm lwm yam, raws li kev npaj thoob dej yug ntses. Ntxiv qee cov tshuaj NaOH (duab 2) ntawm tib concentration thiab ob peb tee ntawm dye (duab 3). Cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub raj mis tig xiav (duab 4), tab sis nws sai sai ploj mus (duab 5i6). Tom qab co cov tshuaj tig xiav dua (duab 7i8), thiab tom qab ntawd discoloration dua tom qab ib pliag. Cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem rov ua dua ob peb zaug.
Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm sim oxidation ntawm qabzib mus rau gluconic acid (cov aldehyde pawg ntawm cov saw hlau -CHO yog hloov mus rau hauv pawg carboxyl -COOH), ntau precisely rau hauv sodium ntsev ntawm cov kua qaub no, tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj zog alkaline cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nruab nrab. Glucose oxidation yog tshwm sim los ntawm methylene xiav, oxidized daim ntawv uas yog oxidized los ntawm daim ntawv txo (leukoprinciples, gr. leukemia = dawb), txawv xim:
Cov txheej txheem tam sim no tuaj yeem sawv cev raws li hauv qab no:
qabzib + oxidized daim ntawv dye ® gluconic acid + txo daim ntawv dye
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saum toj no yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov ploj ntawm cov xim xiav ntawm cov tshuaj. Tom qab co cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub raj mis, dej-soluble oxygen los ntawm huab cua oxidizes daim ntawv txo cov dye, ua rau cov xim xiav rov tshwm sim. Cov txheej txheem rov ua dua kom txog thaum cov piam thaj tas lawm. Yog li, methylene xiav ua raws li lub zog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Saib qhov kev paub hauv video:
