Carbon fibers los ntawm cov nroj tsuag
Cov pa roj carbon fibers tau hloov pauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm peb lub neej xws li kev tsim vaj tsev, kev dav hlau thiab kev lag luam tub rog. Lawv yog tsib npaug zog dua hlau thiab tseem lub teeb heev. Lawv kuj, hmoov tsis, kuj kim. Ib pab neeg tshawb fawb ntawm National Renewable Energy Laboratory hauv Colorado tau tsim cov cuab yeej siv los tsim cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws muaj peev xwm txo tau lawv cov nqi thiab tib lub sijhawm txo cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom.
Cov pa roj carbon fibers muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, siab ua haujlwm siab thiab tsis muaj qhov hnyav. Vim cov khoom no, lawv tau siv hauv kev tsim kho, suav nrog ntau xyoo. dav hlau, tsheb kis las, nrog rau cov tsheb kauj vab thiab ntaus pob tesniv. Lawv tau txais nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm pyrolysis ntawm polymers ntawm roj av keeb kwm (feem ntau yog polyacrylonitrile), uas muaj nyob rau hauv ntau teev ntawm cua sov ntawm polymer fibers ntawm kub txog li 3000 ℃, tsis muaj oxygen thiab nyob rau hauv lub siab. Qhov no ua tiav carbonizes cov fiber ntau - tsis muaj dab tsi tshuav tab sis carbon. Cov atoms ntawm lub caij no tsim cov qauv hexagonal (zoo ib yam li graphite lossis graphene), uas yog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj carbon fibers.
Cov neeg Amelikas tsis npaj yuav hloov pauv theem pyrolysis nws tus kheej. Hloov chaw, lawv xav hloov txoj kev uas lawv ua lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb, polyacrylonitrile. Lub synthesis ntawm no polymer yuav tsum tau acrylonitrile, uas yog tam sim no tsim los ntawm kev ua cov roj crude. Cov kws tshawb fawb Colorado tab tom thov kom hloov nws nrog cov organic ua liaj ua teb pov tseg. Cov suab thaj muab rho tawm los ntawm cov biomass no yog fermented los ntawm cov kab mob uas tau xaiv thiab tom qab ntawd lawv cov khoom raug hloov mus rau hauv acrylonitrile. Kev tsim tawm txuas ntxiv raws li qhov qub.
Kev siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem no yuav pab txo qis cov pa roj carbon monoxide emissions rau hauv huab cua. Qhov muaj ntawm polyacrylonitrile hauv kev ua lag luam kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv, uas yuav ua rau cov nqi qis rau carbon fibers raws li nws. Nws tseem tsuas yog tos rau kev lag luam siv txoj kev no.
qhov chaw: popsci.com, duab: upload.wikimedia.org
