Tsaus photon. Nrhiav qhov tsis pom

Ib tug photon yog ib qho me me uas cuam tshuam nrog lub teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, txog li kaum xyoo, qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias muaj qhov lawv hu ua qhov tsaus ntuj lossis tsaus ntuj photon. Rau ib tug neeg zoo tib yam, xws li ib tug formulation zoo li ib tug contradiction nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej. Rau physicists, qhov no ua rau kev nkag siab, vim hais tias, nyob rau hauv lawv lub tswv yim, nws ua rau unraveling paub tsis meej ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj.

Kev soj ntsuam tshiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sim accelerator, feem ntau tau tshwm sim BaBar ntesqhia kuv qhov twg tsaus photon nws tsis yog zais, piv txwv li nws tsis suav nrog thaj chaw uas nws tsis pom. Qhov kev sim BaBar, uas tau khiav ntawm 1999 txog 2008 ntawm SLAC (Stanford Linear Accelerator Center) hauv Menlo Park, California, tau sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm electrons nrog positrons, zoo them electron antiparticles. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev sim, hu ua PKP-II, tau ua nrog kev koom tes nrog SLAC, Berkeley Lab, thiab Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Ntau tshaj 630 tus kws kho mob los ntawm kaum peb lub tebchaws tau koom tes hauv BaBar ntawm nws lub ncov.

Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg siv li ntawm 10% ntawm BaBar cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg hauv nws txoj haujlwm ob xyoos dhau los. Kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev nrhiav cov khoom tsis suav nrog hauv Tus Qauv Qauv ntawm physics. Cov phiaj xwm tshwm sim qhia pom thaj chaw tshawb nrhiav (ntsuab) tshawb hauv BaBar cov ntaub ntawv txheeb xyuas qhov twg tsis pom cov duab tsaus. Daim duab kuj qhia cov chaw tshawb nrhiav rau lwm qhov kev sim. Lub bar liab qhia thaj chaw los xyuas seb cov photons tsaus ua rau hu ua g-2 tsis zoothiab cov teb dawb tseem tsis tau tshuaj xyuas rau qhov muaj cov photons tsaus. Daim ntawv qhia kuj siv rau hauv tus account kev NA64ua ntawm CERN.

Ib daim duab. Maximilian Bris/CERN

Zoo li ib tug zoo tib yam photon, ib tug maub photon yuav hloov electromagnetic quab yuam ntawm cov teeb meem tsaus nti. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia txog qhov tsis muaj zog nrog cov teeb meem zoo tib yam, txhais tau hais tias cov photons tsaus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog sib tsoo. Kev tshawb nrhiav yav dhau los tsis tau pom cov cim ntawm nws, tab sis cov duab tsaus nti feem ntau tau xav tias yuav lwj mus rau hauv cov hluav taws xob lossis lwm cov khoom pom.

Rau txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm BaBar, ib qho xwm txheej tau txiav txim siab tias lub photon dub yog tsim zoo li cov duab zoo tib yam hauv kev sib tsoo electron-positron, thiab tom qab ntawd decays rau hauv qhov tsaus nti ntawm cov teeb meem tsis pom ntawm lub ntes. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tsuas yog ib tug particle yuav raug ntes - ib tug zoo tib yam photon nqa ib tug npaum li cas ntawm lub zog. Yog li ntawd, pab neeg no tau saib rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm lub zog uas haum rau qhov loj ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj photon. Nws tsis pom zoo li ntawd rau ntawm 8 GeV pawg.

Yuri Kolomensky, tus kws kho mob nuclear ntawm Berkeley Lab thiab tus tswvcuab ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv ntawm University of California, Berkeley, tau hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm tias "kev kos npe ntawm cov duab tsaus nti hauv lub tshuab ntes yuav yooj yim li ib lub siab- lub zog photon thiab tsis muaj lwm yam haujlwm. " Ib qho photon emissions los ntawm ib tug beam particle yuav qhia tau hais tias ib tug electron tsoo nrog ib tug positron thiab hais tias lub invisible tsaus photon tau lwj mus rau hauv ib tug tsaus nti hais txog teeb meem, pom tsis tau rau lub detector, manifests lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv tsis muaj lwm yam zog nrog.

Qhov tsaus nti photon kuj yog postulated los piav qhia qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom pom ntawm muon spin thiab tus nqi kwv yees los ntawm Tus Qauv Qauv. Lub hom phiaj yog ntsuas cov cuab yeej no nrog qhov paub zoo tshaj plaws. muon kev sim g-2ua nyob rau ntawm Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Raws li Kolomensky tau hais tias, kev tshuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm BaBar qhov kev sim loj "txiav txim siab txog qhov muaj peev xwm piav qhia qhov tsis zoo ntawm g-2 nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm photons tsaus, tab sis nws kuj txhais tau tias lwm yam yog tsav lub g-2 anomaly."

Lub photon tsaus yog thawj zaug tau thov hauv 2008 los ntawm Lottie Ackerman, Matthew R. Buckley, Sean M. Carroll thiab Mark Kamionkowski los piav qhia "g-2 anomaly" hauv E821 sim ntawm Brookhaven National Laboratory.

tsaus portal

Qhov kev sim CERN tau hais los saum toj no hu ua NA64, tau ua nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kuj tsis pom qhov tshwm sim nrog cov photons tsaus. Raws li tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv "Physical Review Letters", tom qab soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv, physicists los ntawm Geneva nrhiav tsis tau photons tsaus nti nrog masses ntawm 10 GeV mus rau 70 GeV.

Txawm li cas los xij, tawm tswv yim txog cov txiaj ntsig no, James Beecham ntawm ATLAS qhov kev sim qhia nws txoj kev cia siab tias thawj qhov tsis ua haujlwm yuav txhawb nqa cov pab pawg sib tw ATLAS thiab CMS kom saib xyuas.

Beecham tau tawm tswv yim hauv Cov Ntawv Txheeb Xyuas Lub Cev. -

Ib qho kev sim zoo ib yam li BaBar hauv Nyiv yog hu ua Bell IIuas xav tias yuav muab ib puas npaug ntau dua cov ntaub ntawv tshaj li BaBar.

Raws li qhov kev xav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb, cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg haunting ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov teeb meem zoo tib yam thiab qhov tsaus ntuj tuaj yeem piav qhia siv tus qauv portal hu ua "tsaus axion portal ». Nws yog ua raws li ob qhov kev xav ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj nti, lub axion thiab tsaus photon. Lub portal, raws li lub npe qhia, yog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj thiab tsis paub lub cev thiab qhov peb paub thiab nkag siab. Txuas ob lub ntiaj teb no yog lub photon tsaus uas nyob rau sab nraud, tab sis cov kws kho mob hais tias nws tuaj yeem kuaj pom nrog peb cov cuab yeej.

Video hais txog kev sim NA64:

Kev yos hav zoov rau qhov tsis paub tsaus nti photon: qhov kev sim NA64