T-55 tau tsim thiab kho tshiab sab nraum USSR
Polish T-55 nrog 12,7 hli DShK tshuab rab phom thiab cov qauv qub.
Lub T-55 tso tsheb hlau luam, zoo li T-54, tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov tsheb sib tw tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog. Lawv pheej yig, siv tau yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha, yog li cov teb chaws tsim kho tau txaus siab yuav lawv. Lub sijhawm dhau los, Tuam Tshoj, uas tsim cov clones ntawm T-54/55, pib xa tawm lawv. Lwm txoj kev tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm hom no tau muab faib yog los ntawm kev rov xa tawm lawv cov neeg siv qub. Qhov kev xyaum no nthuav dav heev nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.
Nws sai sai tau pom tseeb tias T-55 yog ib qho khoom siv zoo nkauj ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab. Lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim txhim kho txoj kev sib txuas lus tshiab, pom, pab cuam thiab txawm tias riam phom loj. Nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim rau nruab ntxiv armor rau lawv. Tom qab kho me ntsis ntxiv, nws tuaj yeem siv cov kab ntsig niaj hnub, cuam tshuam rau lub tsheb ciav hlau fais fab thiab txawm hloov lub cav. Qhov zoo, txawm tias tsis muaj npe nrov kev ntseeg siab thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm Soviet thev naus laus zis ua rau nws tuaj yeem hloov kho tshiab txawm tias tsheb ntau xyoo dhau los. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev yuav cov tank tshiab, ob qho tib si Soviet thiab Western, tau txuam nrog cov nqi hnyav, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam cov neeg siv khoom. Yog li ntawd, T-55 tau raug kho dua tshiab thiab hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv ntau zaus. Ib txhia tau improvised, lwm leej lwm tus tau ua raws li thiab suav nrog ntau pua lub tsheb. Interestingly, cov txheej txheem no txuas ntxiv mus rau hnub no; 60 xyoo (!) Txij li thaum pib ntawm zus tau tej cov T-55.
Poland
Ntawm KUM Labendy, kev npaj rau kev tsim cov T-55 tso tsheb hlau luam pib xyoo 1962. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum txhim kho cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm T-54, qhia, ntawm lwm yam, automated submerged arc vuam ntawm hulls, txawm hais tias lub sijhawm ntawd txoj kev zoo heev yuav luag tsis siv hauv Polish kev lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv tau muab coj los sib piv rau Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm thawj koob, txawm hais tias thaum pib tsim khoom hauv tebchaws Poland muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv me me tab sis tseem ceeb rau nws (lawv tau qhia hauv tsheb Polish thaum kawg ntawm kaum xyoo, ntxiv rau qhov ntawd) . Nyob rau hauv 1964, thawj 10 lub tank raug xa mus rau Ministry of National Defense. Nyob rau hauv 1965, muaj 128 T-55s nyob rau hauv cov units. Xyoo 1970, 956 T-55 tanks tau sau npe nrog Ministry of National Defense. Nyob rau hauv 1985, muaj 2653 ntawm lawv (suav nrog txog 1000 modernized T-54s). Xyoo 2001, tag nrho cov T-55s uas twb muaj lawm ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho tau raug tshem tawm, tag nrho ntawm 815 daim.
Ntau dhau los, xyoo 1968, Zakład Produkcji Doświadczalnej ZM Bumar Łabędy tau koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho thiab kev siv lub tank tsim kev txhim kho, thiab tom qab ntawd kuj tsim cov tsheb sib txawv (WZT-1, WZT-2, BLG-67). ). Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, zus tau tej cov T-55A twb launched. Thawj Polish modernizations yog tshiab
Cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsim tau muab rau kev teeb tsa ntawm 12,7-mm anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom DShK. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj muag muag tau qhia, uas txo qhov kev thauj khoom ntawm tus txha nraub qaum tsawg kawg yog ob zaug. Tom qab ob peb qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim thaum yuam cov dej thaiv, cov khoom siv ntxiv tau qhia: lub ntsuas qhov tob, lub twj tso kua mis zoo, thiab lub kaw lus tiv thaiv lub cav los ntawm dej nyab yog tias nws nres hauv dej. Lub cav tau raug hloov kho kom nws tuaj yeem khiav tsis tau tsuas yog ntawm diesel, tab sis kuj ntawm cov roj av thiab (hauv hom xwm txheej ceev) ntawm cov roj av qis. Polish patent kuj suav nrog cov cuab yeej siv rau lub zog tsav, HK-10 thiab tom qab HD-45. Lawv tau nrov heev nrog cov neeg tsav tsheb, vim lawv yuav luag tag nrho cov kev siv zog ntawm lub kauj.
Tom qab ntawd, Polish version ntawm 55AK hais kom ua tsheb tau tsim nyob rau hauv ob lub versions: T-55AD1 rau battalion commanders thiab AD2 rau regimental commanders. Cov tshuab ntawm ob qho kev hloov kho tau txais ib qho chaw xov tooj cua R-123 ntxiv rau tom qab ntawm lub turret, es tsis txhob tuav rau 5 rab phom cartridges. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhawm rau txhim kho kev nplij siab ntawm cov neeg coob, lub niche tau ua nyob rau hauv lub nraub qaum armor ntawm lub turret, uas ib nrab nyob hauv lub xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb. Lub xov tooj cua thib ob tau nyob hauv lub tsev, hauv qab tus pej thuam. Hauv AD1 nws yog R-130, thiab hauv AD2 nws yog R-123 thib ob. Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, lub loader ua raws li xov tooj cua xov tooj cua xov tooj cua, los yog es, ib tug kawm xov tooj cua telegraph neeg teb xov tooj coj qhov chaw ntawm loader thiab, yog hais tias tsim nyog, ua lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub loader. Cov tsheb ntawm AD version kuj tau txais lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau lub zog sib txuas lus hauv qhov chaw, nrog lub cav kaw. Nyob rau hauv lub 80s, lub tsheb T-55AD1M thiab AD2M tau tshwm sim, combining pov thawj kev daws teeb meem rau cov lus txib tsheb nrog rau feem ntau ntawm kev sib tham txog kev txhim kho ntawm M version.
Xyoo 1968, nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm Eng. suav T. Ochvata, kev ua haujlwm tau pib ntawm lub tshuab pioneer S-69 "Pine". Nws yog T-55A nrog KMT-4M trench trawl thiab ob lub P-LVD ntev-ntev launchers muab tso rau hauv cov thawv rau tom qab ntawm cov ledges. Rau qhov no, tshwj xeeb thav duab tau mounted rau lawv, thiab lub ignition system raug coj mus rau lub sib ntaus sib tua compartment. Cov thawv ntim loj heev - lawv lub hau yuav luag ntawm qhov siab ntawm tus pej thuam lub qab nthab. Thaum xub thawj, lub cav ntawm 500M3 Shmel anti-tank coj missiles tau siv los rub cov hlua 6-meter, uas cov cylindrical explosives nrog expanding springs tau strung, thiab yog li ntawd, tom qab thawj pej xeem nthuav qhia ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, Western analysts txiav txim siab tias cov no yog. ATGM launchers. Yog tias tsim nyog, ntim khoom ntim lossis tsis siv, nrov npe hu ua hleb, tuaj yeem muab pov tseg los ntawm lub tank. Txij li thaum xyoo 1972, ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam tshiab hauv Labendy thiab tsheb kho hauv Siemianowice tau hloov kho rau ŁWD kev teeb tsa. Lawv tau muab lub npe T-55AC (Sapper). Cov khoom siv sib txawv, thawj zaug xaiv S-80 Oliwka, hloov kho dua tshiab hauv 81s.
