Reconnaissance armored tsheb M6 "Staghound"
Reconnaissance armored tsheb M6 "Staghound"Staghound Armored Tsheb
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab muaj ib tug sib ntaus sib tua compartment. Ntawm no, ib tug cam khwb cia turret ntawm ncig tig tau mounted nrog ib tug 37-mm cannon ntsia rau hauv nws thiab ib tug 7,62-mm tshuab rab phom ua ke nrog nws. Lwm rab phom tshuab tau nruab rau hauv lub pob sib koom ua ke hauv daim ntawv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hull. Qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm nws yog ua los ntawm ib tug xov tooj cua neeg teb xov tooj nyob rau hauv lub tswj compartment mus rau sab xis ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb. Lub gearbox ntsia ntawm no muaj hydraulic tsis siv neeg tsav. Txhawm rau pab txhawb kev tswj ntawm lub kauj thiab tsav, servo mechanisms tau teeb tsa rau lub nres. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev sib txuas lus sab nraud, lub tsheb armored tau muab nrog lub xov tooj cua. Cov tsheb armored tau txawv los ntawm kev ntseeg siab, muaj cov cuab yeej txaus siab thiab lub cev muaj nuj nqis thiab lub turret configuration.
M6 Staghound armored lub tsheb yog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus siv hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II. Kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm lub tsheb no nrog lub welded txhawb nqa lub cev thiab lub cam khwb cia yog 13,9 tons. Hauv qhov tseem ceeb, nws yog lub tank log, zoo ib yam li hauv armament thiab txav mus rau lub teeb Stuart thiab qis dua rau nws tsuas yog hauv armor, thiab tom qab ntawd tsuas yog me ntsis. M6 puab tiv thaiv los ntawm 22 mm frontal thiab 19 mm sab armor. Lub thickness ntawm lub ru tsev armor daim hlau yog 13 hli, hauv qab yog li ntawm 6,5 hli mus rau 13 hli, thiab lub puab tsaig rear yog 9,5 hli. Lub armor frontal ntawm lub turret ncav cuag 45 hli, sab thiab rear armor mus txog 32 hli, thiab lub ru tsev armor mus txog 13 hli. Ntauwd loj tig los ntawm electro-hydraulic tsav. Cov neeg coob ntawm lub tsheb armored yog tsib tus neeg: tus neeg tsav tsheb, tus neeg tsav tsheb pabcuam (aka tus neeg tua phom los ntawm lub tshuab phom pem hauv ntej), tus neeg tua phom, tus neeg nqa khoom thiab tus thawj coj (aka tus xov tooj cua). Qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub tsheb kuj tseem impressive thiab tshaj cov Stuart. Qhov ntev ntawm M6 yog 5480 mm, dav - 2790 mm, qhov siab - 2360 mm, wheelbase - 3048 mm, khiav - 2260 mm, av clearance - 340 mm.
Armament muaj 37-mm M6 cannon, stabilized nyob rau hauv lub ntsug dav hlau, peb 7,62-mm Browning M1919A4 tshuab rab phom (coaxial nrog ib tug cannon, chav kawm thiab anti-aircraft) thiab ib tug 2-nti pa taws grenade launcher mounted nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev. pej thuam. Cov mos txwv suav nrog 103 phom loj. 5250 rounds rau rab phom tshuab thiab 14 pa luam yeeb grenades. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsheb nqa 11,43 mm Thompson submachine phom. Ob lub 6-lub tog raj kheej carburetor nyob rau hauv-kab Chevrolet / GMC 270 ua kua-txias cav tau ntsia rau hauv qab ntawm lub hull thaum uas tig mus rau axis ntawm lub tsheb; lub zog ntawm txhua tus yog 97 hp. ntawm 3000 rpm, tshem tawm 4428 cm3. Cov kis tau tus mob yog ib tug semi-automatic Hydramatic hom, uas muaj xws li ob tug plaub-ceev gearboxes (4 + 1), ib tug guitar thiab ib tug ntau yam. Lub tom kawg ua rau nws muaj peev xwm lov tes taw pem hauv ntej qag tsav, thiab tseem ua kom lub zog ntawm lub tsheb armored nrog ib lub cav khiav. Roj tank peev xwm yog 340 litres. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob lub cylindrical roj tso tsheb hlau luam nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 90 litres txhua tus tau nruab rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub tsheb.
Lub tsheb armored muaj 4 × 4 lub log thiab cov log tsheb loj ntawm 14,00 - 20 ". Lub ncua kev kawm ntawv yog ywj siab ntawm semi-elliptical nplooj springs. Txhua chav tsev ncua kev kawm ntawv muaj ib tug hydraulic shock absorber. Ua tsaug rau kev siv Saginaw 580-DH-3 electro-hydraulic zog steering thiab Bendix-Hydrovac hydraulic brakes nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum, steering ze li ntawm 14-tuj tsheb sib ntaus sib tua tsis nyuaj tshaj li cov neeg nrog caij tsheb. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj, lub tsheb armored mus txog speeds txog li 88 km / h, yooj yim overcame ib tug incline txog li 26 °, ib phab ntsa 0,53 m siab thiab ib tug ford mus txog rau 0,8 m tob. Txhua lub tsheb yam tsis muaj kev zam tau nruab nrog cov lus Askiv. xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb No. 19. Qhov kev hloov kho yooj yim ntawm M6 armored tsheb (T17E1 ) nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Askiv hu ua Staghound Mk I. 2844 units ntawm xws li tsheb tau tsim.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov tsheb uas muaj armored armored nrog 37-mm cannons, cov British yuav luag tam sim ntawd pom kev txaus siab rau cov tsheb pab hluav taws. Qhov no yog li cas T17E3 variant tau yug los, uas yog tus qauv M6 hull nrog qhib-saum turret mounted rau nws nrog 75-mm howitzer qiv los ntawm American M8 tus kheej-propelled phom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Askiv tsis nyiam lub tsheb no. Lawv tau tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev sib txawv, rov nruab qee lub tsheb armored nrog 76-mm tank howitzer ntawm lawv tus kheej tsim. Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau riam phom, rab phom tshuab rab phom tau raug tshem tawm, thiab tus neeg tsav tsheb tau raug tshem tawm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub foob pob hluav taws tau raug tshem tawm ntawm tus pej thuam, thiab ua lwm txoj hauv kev, ob lub 4-nti mortars tau muab tso rau sab xis ntawm tus pej thuam rau kev tua cov pa taws. Armored tsheb armored nrog 76 mm howitzers tau hu ua Staghound Mk II.
Hauv kev sib zog los them nyiaj rau Staghound cov cuab yeej cuab tam, uas tsis muaj zog txaus rau lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, cov neeg Askiv tau teeb tsa turrets los ntawm Crusader III tank nrog 75-mm cannon thiab coaxial 7,92-mm BESA tshuab rab phom ntawm tus lej me. ntawm Mk I modification tsheb. Vim lub installation ntawm lub turret hnyav dua, txawm tias qhov kev tso tseg ntawm lub hauv ntej-mounted tshuab rab phom thiab tus neeg tsav tsheb, kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav ntawm lub tsheb tau nce mus rau 15 tons. Tab sis lub Staghound Mk III variant yog li tau txais muaj peev xwm ntau dua rau kev sib ntaus sib tua cov yeeb ncuab tso tsheb hlau luam. mas Mk I. Cov tub rog Askiv tau pib txais Staghounds thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1943. Armored tsheb tau txais lawv kev cai raus dej ntawm hluav taws nyob rau hauv ltalis, qhov uas lawv tau txais lawv tus kheej lub koob npe nrov vim lawv tshwj xeeb kev cia siab, yooj yim ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab txij nkawm, zoo armament thiab armor. Thawj "African" lub hom phiaj ntawm lub tsheb armored ua rau muaj peev xwm loj ntawm cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam thiab qhov loj heev ntawm 800 km. Raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Askiv, qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm 14-tuj log tsheb tso tsheb hlau luam yog qhov tsis muaj kev tswj hwm nruj.
Ntxiv rau cov tub rog Askiv, cov tsheb ntawm hom no tau muab rau New Zealand, Indian thiab Canadian units uas tau tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Ltalis. Tau txais "staghounds" thiab kev tshawb nrhiav cavalry regiments ntawm 2nd Army Corps ntawm Polish Armed Forces nyob rau sab hnub poob. Tom qab cov Allied tsaws nyob rau hauv Normandy, armored tsheb tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua kom dim Western Europe los ntawm Nazis. Ntxiv rau cov tub rog Askiv thiab Canadian, lawv tau ua haujlwm nrog 1st Polish Tank Division (hauv tag nrho, Cov Ncej tau txais txog 250 lub tsheb armored ntawm hom no) thiab 1st Separate Belgian Tank Brigade. Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 50, Tebchaws Askiv tau muaj tus lej tseem ceeb ntawm Staghounds. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tau siv los ntawm cov tub rog mus txog rau thaum 1951s, kom txog rau thaum lawv tau hloov los ntawm niaj hnub English-ua armored tsheb. Ntau lub tshuab ntawm hom no tau raug xa mus lossis muag rau lwm lub tebchaws. "Staghounds" nkag mus rau hauv cov tub rog Belgian thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo - lawv tau ua tub rog nrog ib pab tub rog ntawm cov tsheb tub rog. Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, lawv cov naj npawb tau nce ntxiv - txog rau xyoo 1945, kev hloov kho tsheb ntawm Mk I, Mk II thiab AA tau tsim lub hauv paus ntawm peb cov tub rog armored (reconnaissance). Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li xyoo 1952, AA version tsheb tau siv nyob rau hauv chav tsev ntawm cov tub rog tsav tsheb. Nyob rau hauv 1977, feem ntau ntawm cov tsheb los ntawm disbanded armored cavalry regiments tau pauv mus rau nws muaj pes tsawg leeg. "Staghounds" tau ua haujlwm hauv Belgian gendarmerie txog XNUMX. Cov tub rog Dutch ua haujlwm ntau lub tsheb armored ntawm hom no nyob rau lub sijhawm 40-60s (hauv xyoo 1951 muaj 108 units). Cov neeg Askiv tau pauv tag nrho cov tsheb armored ntawm Mk III hloov kho rau Danes. Switzerland tau txais ntau lub tsheb Staghound Mk I. Lub armament ntawm cov tsheb armored no tau hloov nrog uas siv nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Swiss. Nyob rau hauv lub 50s, "staghounds" ntawm Mk kuv thiab AA variants nkag mus rau Italian pab tub rog thiab lub Carabinieri corps. Ntxiv mus, ntawm ntau lub tsheb, 37-mm cannon thiab Browning tshuab rab phom nyob rau hauv lub turret tau hloov los ntawm ib khub Breda mod.38 tshuab rab phom, thiab Browning tshuab rab phom tau hloov los ntawm Fiat mod.35 tshuab rab phom. Ntxiv rau cov teb chaws Europe, "staghounds" tau muab rau Latin American lub teb chaws: Nicaragua, Honduras thiab Cuba.
Nyob rau hauv Middle East, thawj lub teb chaws tau txais staghounds tam sim ntawd tom qab kawg ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II yog Egypt. Ob lub tsheb loj ntawm cov tsheb tub rog no kuj tau ua haujlwm nrog cov tub rog Jordanian. Nyob rau hauv lub 60s, qee lub tsheb tau pauv mus rau Lebanon, qhov chaw uas lawv tau nruab nrog turrets los ntawm Askiv AES Mk III armored tsheb nrog 75 mm cannons. "Staghounds" tau hloov pauv zoo sib xws hauv Sudan, tab sis tsuas yog 75-mm cannons (nrog rau cov mantlets) ntawm Sherman tso tsheb hlau luam tau muab tso rau hauv cov turrets qiv los ntawm AES armored tsheb. Ntxiv rau cov npe hauv tebchaws Middle East, "staghounds" kuj muaj nyob hauv cov tub rog ntawm Saudi Arabia thiab Israel. Hauv tebchaws Africa, Rhodesia (tam sim no Zimbabwe) thiab South Africa tau txais kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm hom no. Hauv 50s thiab 60s lawv tau nkag mus rau hauv Is Nrias teb thiab Australia. Thaum kawg ntawm 70s, tseem muaj txog 800 "staghounds" nyob rau hauv pab tub rog ntawm ntau lub xeev. Ntawm no, 94 nyob rau hauv Saudi Arabia, 162 nyob rau hauv Rhodesia thiab 448 nyob rau hauv South Africa. Muaj tseeb, feem ntau ntawm cov tom kawg yog nyob rau hauv cia. Kev ua yeeb yam
Qhov chaw:
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Kev tsim cov tsheb armored tau pib xyoo 1943. Lub tsheb armored tau tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov tub rog Askiv, 
