Kev siv urea hauv lub cav diesel

Niaj hnub nimno ib puag ncig cov kev cai txwv nruj rau cov emission qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa phem nyob rau hauv lub tso pa gases ntawm lub diesel cav. Qhov no yuam cov engineers nrhiav cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab kom ua tau raws li cov qauv. Ib qho ntawm cov no yog kev siv urea rau cov roj diesel hauv SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) tso tawm tom qab kho. Daimler cav uas siv cov tshuab no hu ua Bluetec.

SCR system yog dab tsi

Euro 6 ib puag ncig raws tu qauv tau siv rau hauv 28 EU lub teb chaws txij li xyoo 2015. Raws li tus qauv tshiab, cov tuam txhab tsheb diesel muaj cov kev cai nruj heev vim tias cov cav diesel ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv, emissions thiab nitrogen oxides rau hauv qhov chaw.

Thaum siv peb-txoj kev catalytic converter txaus los ntxuav cov pa pa ntawm lub cav roj av, cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo dua rau kev ua kom tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj lom hauv cov pa tawm yog tsim nyog rau lub cav diesel. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ntxuav CO (carbon monoxide), CH (hydrocarbons) thiab cov kua qaub los ntawm cov roj cav hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nce siab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thaum NOx, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, txo qis. Qhov kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem no yog kev taw qhia ntawm SCR catalyst rau hauv cov pa tawm, uas siv cov roj urea los ua lub hauv paus rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tshuaj lom ntawm nitrogen oxide (NOx).

Txhawm rau txo cov pa phem, cov kws ua haujlwm tau tsim lub tshuab ntxuav tshwj xeeb - Bluetec. Lub complex muaj peb lub tshuab ua tiav, txhua qhov uas lim cov tshuaj lom thiab rhuav tshem cov tshuaj lom:

• Catalyst - neutralizes CO thiab CH.
• Particulate filter - ntxiab soot hais.
• SCR catalytic converter - Txo NOx emissions nrog urea.

Thawj qhov kev ntxuav yog siv rau ntawm Mercedes-Benz tsheb thauj khoom thiab tsheb. Niaj hnub no, ntau lub tuam txhab tau hloov lawv lub tsheb mus rau lub tshuab ntxuav tshiab thiab siv urea hauv diesel xyaw kom tau raws li kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig nruj.

Technical urea AdBlue

Qhov kawg khoom ntawm mammalian metabolism, urea, tau paub txij li thaum xyoo pua XNUMXth. Carbonic acid diomide yog synthesized los ntawm inorganic tebchaw thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb. Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, kev daws teeb meem ntawm Adblue technical fluid ua tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev ua kom huv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm nitrogen oxides.

Adblue yog 40% urea thiab 60% dej distilled. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txhaj rau hauv SCR system ntawm lub nozzle uas cov pa pa tawm mus. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decomposition tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv uas nitric oxide tawg mus rau hauv tsis muaj nitrogen thiab dej molecules.

Technical urea rau diesel - Adblue tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog urea urea, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv agro-industrial sector thiab nyob rau hauv pharmacology.

Edblue hauv diesel cav

Lub tshuab ua kua ua kua tom qab kho, los yog SCR converter, yog lub kaw lus kaw los ntawm qhov uas tsis muaj cov pa tawm hauv cov pa tawm. Adblue kua yog nchuav rau hauv lub tank uas muaj tus kheej thiab txhaj rau hauv cov yeeb nkab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj ntsuas ua ntej nkag mus rau lub converter.

Cov roj sib xyaw nkag mus rau SCR neutralization chav tsev, qhov chaw tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua rau decompose nitric oxide ntawm tus nqi ntawm ammonia hauv urea. Ua ke nrog nitric oxide, ammonia molecules rhuav tshem nws mus rau hauv cov khoom uas tsis muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig.

Tom qab ua tiav lub voj voog tu, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov pa paug tawm mus rau hauv cov huab cua, qhov ntsuas emission ua raws li Euro-5 thiab Euro-6 raws tu qauv.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab ua pa purification ntawm diesel

Lub tshuab ua tiav diesel cav tom qab kev kho mob muaj cov catalytic converter, cov lim dej thiab cov SCR system. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tu hauv cov theem:

1. Cov pa hluav taws xob nkag mus rau lub catalytic converter thiab cov lim lim. Soot yog lim, roj hais tawm, thiab carbon monoxide thiab hydrocarbons raug tshem tawm.
2. Lub injector yog siv los txhaj ib qho nyiaj ntawm AdBlue rau hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov lim dej diesel thiab SCR catalytic converter. Urea molecules decompose rau hauv ammonia thiab isocyanic acid.
3. Ammonia ua ke nrog nitrogen oxide, qhov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm cov roj diesel siv. Molecules yog sib cais, uas ua rau tsim dej thiab nitrogen. Cov pa phem tsis zoo raug tso tawm rau hauv qhov chaw.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm urea rau diesel

Txawm hais tias pom tseeb qhov yooj yim ntawm cov kua roj cav, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom npaj urea ntawm koj tus kheej siv cov organic chiv. Cov mis ntawm urea molecule (NH2) 2CO, yog lub cev tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw dawb siv lead ua, soluble hauv dej thiab polar solvents (kua ammonia, methanol, chloroform, thiab lwm yam).

Rau kev ua lag luam nyob sab Europe, cov kua dej yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm VDA (German Automobile Industry Association), uas teeb tsa cov ntawv tso cai rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom, qee cov khoom siv dej rau kev lag luam hauv tsev.

Hauv tebchaws Russia, kev ua txhaum cai raws li AdBlue hom yog ntau dua 50%. Yog li, thaum yuav urea rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv Lavxias, koj yuav tsum tau coj los ntawm kev kos npe "ISO 22241-2-2009 Kev Ua Raws Cai".

Pros thiab Cons

Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv urea yog qhov pom tseeb - tsuas yog nrog cov reagent no cov pa roj cua kev kho mob ntawm SCR diesel cav tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm Euro 6 Standard.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm urea purification muaj xws li cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:

• nws noj rau lub tsheb tsuas yog 100 g ib 1000 km;
• SCR system tau muab tso rau hauv cov tsheb niaj hnub diesel;
• nyob rau hauv qee lub teb chaws cov se ntawm kev siv lub tsheb raug txo yog tias lub tshuab ntxuav urea raug teeb tsa, thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nplua.

Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov system kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo:

• qhov khov ntawm urea yog li -11 ° C;
• qhov xav tau rau refueling tsis tu ncua;
• tus nqi ntawm lub tsheb nce;
• ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm fake Adblue kua;
• nce kev xav tau rau roj zoo;
• kim kho rau cov khoom siv hauv lub cev.

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm urea scrubbing system ua rau hauv cov tsheb diesel tseem yog tib txoj hauv kev los txo cov pa phem. Kev nyuaj hauv kev ua haujlwm, tus nqi siab ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom reagents, cov kua dej tsis zoo thiab cov roj diesel txhais tau hais tias ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb xaiv lov tes taw lub kaw lus thiab nruab emulators.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias urea tseem tsuas yog cov tshuaj diesel uas tiv thaiv kev tso tawm nitric oxide rau hauv ib puag ncig, uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav.