Poznan lub tswv yim rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm BVP-1

Txheem

Cov tub rog Polish tseem muaj ntau dua 1250 BWP-1 infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Cov no yog cov tshuab ntawm cov qauv 60s lig, uas yog qhov tseeb tsis muaj nqi sib ntaus hnub no. Armored thiab mechanized troops, txawm tias cov kev siv zog ua ib feem peb ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los, tseem tos rau lawv successor ... Yog li cov lus nug tshwm sim - nws puas tsim nyog modernizing cov qub tsheb niaj hnub no? Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA los ntawm Poznań tau npaj lawv cov lus teb.

Thaum lub sijhawm xyoo MSPO 2019 no, Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA tau nthuav tawm cov lus pom zoo rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm BWP-1, tej zaum qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntawm cov lus pom zoo los ntawm Polish kev lag luam tiv thaiv dhau peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib puas xyoo.

Cov tub rog Polish tseem muaj ntau dua 1250 BWP-1 infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Cov no yog cov tshuab ntawm cov qauv 60s lig, uas yog qhov tseeb tsis muaj nqi sib ntaus hnub no. Armored thiab mechanized troops, txawm tias cov kev siv zog ua ib feem peb ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los, tseem tos rau lawv successor ... Yog li cov lus nug tshwm sim - nws puas tsim nyog modernizing cov qub tsheb niaj hnub no? Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA los ntawm Poznań tau npaj lawv cov lus teb.

Lub tsheb tub rog sib ntaus sib tua BMP-1 (Object 765) tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Soviet Army rov qab rau xyoo 1966. Ntau tus xav txog nws, tsis yog qhov tseeb, tus qauv ntawm chav kawm tshiab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, raug xa mus rau sab hnub poob raws li cov tub rog tub rog tub rog. Tsheb (BMP), thiab nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland ib tug yooj yim txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm nws cov ntawv luv - infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav - nws yog mobile heev (kev ceev ntawm txoj kev asphalt mus txog 65 km / h, nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshawb xav txog li 50 km / h, caij nkoj mus txog 500 km ntawm txoj kev asphalt) , nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm ua luam dej, lub teeb (kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav 13,5 tons), nws tiv thaiv cov tub rog thiab cov neeg coob los ntawm cov riam phom me thiab rab phom, thiab - nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav - yog riam phom hnyav heev: rab phom 73-mm nruab nrab-siab 2A28 Grom, ua ke. nrog 7,62-mm PKT, ntxiv rau kev txhim kho lub tank 9M14M ib qho kev taw qhia Malyutka. Cov txheej no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib ntaus txawm nrog cov tso tsheb hlau luam hauv cov xwm txheej zoo. Hauv kev xyaum, armor thiab armor sai sai dhau los ua tsis muaj zog, thiab vim yog sab hauv sab hauv, kev tsav tsheb ntawm kev kub ceev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tawm-txoj kev, ua rau cov tub rog sab sab heev. Yog li ntawd, kaum xyoo tom qab, nyob rau hauv lub USSR, nws successor, lub BMP-2, tau txais yuav. Thaum lub sij hawm tig ntawm 80s thiab 90s, lawv kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov tub rog Polish, nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li cas uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus nruab ob battalions (los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm), tab sis tom qab ib xyoo caum ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, supposedly atypical tsheb. muag txawv teb chaws. Nws yog thaum ntawd qhov kev nyuaj siab uas txuas ntxiv mus rau niaj hnub no tau pib, txuas nrog - hloov pauv - nrog kev tshawb nrhiav tus neeg ua tiav niaj hnub rau BVP-1 lossis nrog kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov tshuab uas twb muaj lawm.

BVP-1 - peb tsis niaj hnub, vim tias hauv ib feeb ...

Nyob rau thawj ob xyoo caum tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Warsaw Pact, ntau lub tswv yim sib txawv tau npaj hauv tebchaws Poland kom hloov kho BVP-1. Puma qhov kev pab cuam, uas kav los ntawm 1998 txog 2009, muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj hauv kev rau kev siv. Nws tau xav tias 668 lub tsheb (12 pawg, Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2007) yuav raug coj mus rau tus qauv tshiab, ces tus lej no raug txo mus rau 468 (yim faib thiab reconnaissance units ., 2008), ces mus rau 216 (plaub battalions, Lub kaum hli ntuj 2008) thiab thaum kawg mus rau 192 (Lub Xya hli ntuj 2009). Rov qab rau xyoo 2009, ua ntej kev sim cov neeg tawm tsam nrog ntau hom kev tsis muaj neeg nyob, nws tau xav tias qhov hloov kho BVP-1 yuav ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum xyoo 2040. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tsis meej, tab sis cov nqi npaj tau siab thiab qhov ua tau zoo yog qhov tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev zov me nyuam tau ua tiav nyob rau theem qauv, thiab nyob rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2009, qhov kev npaj kho dua tshiab BVP-1 rau Puma-1 tus qauv nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab tswj tau raug tshem tawm ntawm cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm ua haujlwm suav nrog hauv Cov Lus Cog Tseg. ntawm Reference. Npaj rau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov tub rog Polish rau 2009-2018 Ntxiv rau qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov kev xeem tau ua thiab kev nce hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam nrog qhov no, yog vim li cas rau kev tso tseg ntawm Puma-1 yog qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Polish Army ntawm ib tug successor rau lub byups ...

Tseeb tiag, ib qho kev sim tau ua nyob rau tib lub sijhawm kom pom lub tsheb zoo li no. Rau ntau yam, suav nrog nyiaj txiag thiab kev koom tes, qhov no tau ua tsis tau, txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov haujlwm hauv tsev (xws li BWP-2000, IFW raws li UMPG lossis Chariot program) thiab cov tswv yim txawv teb chaws (piv txwv li, CV90).

Nws zoo nkaus li tias tsuas yog Borsuk qhov kev pab cuam ntawm NBPRP, tau siv txij lub Kaum Hli 24, 2014 los ntawm Polish kev lag luam tiv thaiv, tuaj yeem ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 2009, BVP-1 tsis tau hloov kho tshiab, thiab tam sim no, xyoo 2019, lawv tsis tau ua kom zoo li niaj hnub thiab tsis hnav, thiab peb yuav tau tos tsawg kawg peb xyoos ntxiv rau thawj Badgers nkag mus rau kev pabcuam. kev pabcuam. Nws tseem yuav siv sijhawm ntev los hloov BWP-1 hauv ntau qhov sib faib. Tam sim no, Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws muaj 23 lub battalions motorized, txhua tus muaj 58 tsheb sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv yim ntawm lawv, BWP-1s tau los yog yuav raug hloov nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej los ntawm Rosomak wheeled combat tsheb, uas txhais tau hais tias, theoretically, kom tag nrho cov BWP-870, 1 Borsuków yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub BMP variant - thiab yuav tsum tsim lub 19th mechanized brigade, yog hais tias nws yuav tsis tau Wolverine thiab. Nws tuaj yeem ceev faj xav tias BWP-1 yuav nyob nrog cov tub rog Polish tom qab 2030. Txhawm rau kom cov tshuab no muab cov sijhawm rau cov neeg siv tiag tiag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua niaj hnub no, Poznań Wojskowe Zakłady Motoryzacyjne SA, tus tswv los ntawm PGZ Capital Group, tau npaj qhov kev thov rau kev hloov kho tshiab tom ntej hauv nws keeb kwm qub "bewup".

Poznań proposal

Lub tuam txhab los ntawm Poznan, raws li feem ntau yog cov ntaub ntawv nrog xws li tej yaam num, muaj ib tug dav modernization pob. Cov kev hloov pauv yuav tsum npog txhua qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nce qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab hluav taws kub. Cov cuab yeej ntxiv, thaum tuav lub peev xwm ntab, yuav tsum muab STANAG 3A qib 4569 ballistic tsis kam, txawm hais tias qib 4 yog lub hom phiaj. Kuv qhov kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum sib haum rau STANAG 1B qib 4569 (tiv thaiv cov khoom tawg me me) - ntau dua tsis tuaj yeem tau yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau hauv tus qauv thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua luam dej. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub tsheb tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev txhim kho SSP-1 "Obra-3" laser radiation detection system lossis zoo sib xws, nrog rau kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub. Qhov kev nce hauv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kev siv cov pej thuam tshiab uas tsis muaj neeg nyob. Nws txoj kev xaiv tsis yooj yim vim yog qhov hnyav hnyav, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm 30th INPO, Kongsberg Protector RWS LW-600 cov chaw taws teeb tswj lub tsheb uas hnyav txog 30 kg tau nthuav tawm. Nws yog armed nrog 230mm Northrop Grumman (ATK) M64LF propulsion cannon (ib hom ntawm AH-30 Apache nres nyoob hoom qav taub cannon) tua 113 × 7,62mm mos txwv thiab rab phom tshuab 805mm. Lub ntsiab armament tau ruaj khov. Optionally, lub launcher ntawm Raytheon / Lockheed Martin Javelin anti-tank coj missiles (thiab tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv no configuration), raws li zoo raws li Rafael Spike-LR, MBDA MMP los yog, piv txwv li, domestic Pirata, tuaj yeem koom ua ke nrog chaw nres tsheb. Cov mos txwv txawv txav nrog qhov pib ceev ntawm 1080 m / s (tawm 30 m / s rau tib mos txwv 173 × 2 mm HEI-T) tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseeb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias peb xav tias qhov zoo, tawm tsam Lavxias BMP-3 / -300 (tsawg kawg hauv kev hloov kho yooj yim) ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm Central European kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws zoo heev, thiab qhov ua tau ntawm kev siv cov tshuab tiv thaiv tank yuav tsum tsis txhob ua. tsis nco qab lawm. Xwb, lwm lub teeb uas tsis muaj neeg nyob tuaj yeem siv tau, xws li Midgard 30 los ntawm Slovenian Valhalla Turrets, armed nrog British 30mm Venom LR cannon los ntawm AEI Systems, kuj chambered rau 113xXNUMXmm mos txwv.

Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsheb kuj tau txhim kho - nruj thiab ergonomics ntawm cov tub rog compartment. Lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsheb yog tsa (uas yog me ntsis reminiscent ntawm Ukrainian kev daws teeb meem), ua tsaug uas ntau qhov chaw ntxiv tau txais. Thaum kawg, cov roj tank tau txav mus rau ntawm lub cav lub cav (nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov tub rog compartment ntawm lub hnub qub), cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov tub rog compartment zoo sib xws (thiab hloov nrog cov tshiab). . Ua ke nrog kev tshem tawm cov pob tawb qub turret, qhov no yuav tsim qhov chaw ntxiv rau cov khoom siv thiab riam phom. Cov neeg coob muaj ob mus rau peb tus neeg ntxiv rau rau tus tub rog. Yuav muaj kev hloov pauv ntau dua - tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tau txais lub vaj huam sib luag tshiab, txhua tus tub rog yuav tau txais cov rooj zaum ncua kev kawm niaj hnub, racks thiab cov tuav rau riam phom thiab khoom siv kuj yuav tshwm sim. Kev paub txog qhov xwm txheej yuav raug muab los ntawm cov cuab yeej niaj hnub saib xyuas thiab kev taw qhia, nrog rau kev soj ntsuam omnidirectional (piv txwv li, SOD-1 Atena) lossis niaj hnub kev sib txuas lus sab hauv thiab sab nraud, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa IT (piv txwv li, BMS). Qhov loj ntawm lub tsheb yuav raug them los ntawm: ntxiv dag zog rau lub chassis, siv cov lem tshiab, los yog, thaum kawg, hloov lub qub UTD-20 lub cav nrog lub zog ntau dua (240 kW / 326 hp) MTU 6R 106 TD21 engine, paub. piv txwv. los ntawm Jelch 442.32 4 × 4. Nws yuav muab tso rau hauv lub powertrain nrog lub gearbox tam sim no.

Modernization los yog resuscitation?

Tej zaum koj yuav nug koj tus kheej - nws puas tsim nyog los siv ntau cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no (txawm tias muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm lawv, yam tsis muaj, piv txwv li, SOD lossis BMS) hauv lub tsheb qub? Tsis yog thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab ntev lub sij hawm, cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub, xws li cov pej thuam uas tsis muaj neeg nyob, tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm lub tshuab. Ua raws li qhov piv txwv no, RWS LW-30 sawv ntsug tau nthuav tawm ntawm JLTV armored tsheb lossis AMPV taug qab cov cab kuj. Yog li ntawd, yav tom ntej, nws tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm Pegasus (yog tias lawv puas tau yuav ...) lossis ntawm pab pawg sib txawv ntawm Borsuk, es tsis txhob ua haujlwm nrog 12,7 hli WEIGHT. Ib yam li ntawd, cov khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua-electronic (xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb) lossis kev soj ntsuam thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hom phiaj tuaj yeem txhais tau. Qhov kev xyaum no yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws nplua nuj tshaj li Poland.

WZM SA yeej muaj lub tswv yim nthuav heev ntawm yuav ua li cas nrog cov tshuab raws li BWP-1. Cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Poznań twb tau txhim kho BWR-1S (saib WiT 10/2017) thiab BWR-1D (saib WiT 9/2018) cov tsheb sib tw tshawb nrhiav, thiab lawv tau sau ntau yam kev paub nrog cov tsheb no, ua haujlwm kho thiab kho. . kho, raws li zoo raws li lawv modernization rau tus qauv "Puma" thiab "Puma-1". Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov tsheb tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab BVP-1, ib qho piv txwv yog cov lus pom zoo hauv Ottokar Brzoza qhov kev pab cuam, qhov twg BVP-1 modernized, ib feem koom ua ke nrog cov tswv yim kho tshiab tau piav qhia saum toj no (piv txwv li, lub tib lub tshuab fais fab, xov tooj sib txuas lus, yoog rau BMS kev teeb tsa, thiab lwm yam) yuav dhau los ua lub hauv paus rau lub tank destroyer. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv - raws li lub hauv paus ntawm BVP-1, koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsheb thauj neeg mob khiav tawm, lub tsheb thauj neeg mob hnyav (nrog rau kev cuam tshuam nrog lub tank destroyer), lub tsheb thauj neeg tsis muaj neeg tsav tsheb (nrog BSP DC01 "Yav" los ntawm Droni , lub tsheb tau nthuav tawm ntawm Polish Success Forum lag luam hauv Poznań) lossis txawm tias lub tsheb tsis muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, kev koom tes yav tom ntej nrog Borsuk, nrog rau RCV nrog OMFV. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov kho tshiab, txawm tias tsawg tsawg (piv txwv li, 250-300 daim), yuav tso cai rau Polish motorized infantry kom muaj sia nyob rau lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm kev txais yuav Borsuk thiab tshem tawm ntawm BMP-1 kawg, thaum tswj kev sib ntaus sib tua tiag tiag. Tau kawg, tsis txhob hloov kho dua tshiab, koj tuaj yeem xaiv hloov kho dua tshiab, xws li T-1, tab sis tom qab ntawd tus neeg siv pom zoo siv cov cuab yeej siv txuas ntxiv, feem ntau ntawm nws qhov tsis txawv ntawm cov tshuab ntawm Tsov Rog Txias. .