Leclerc lub ntsiab sib ntaus sib tua tank
Txheem
Leclerc lub ntsiab sib ntaus sib tua tank
Lub tank Leclerc hais txog nws cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua (lub zog hluav taws xob, kev txav mus los thiab kev tiv thaiv armor) yog qhov zoo tshaj rau AMX-30V2 tank. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov qib siab ntawm saturation nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom mus txog yuav luag ib nrab ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub tank nws tus kheej. Lub tank Leclerc yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem classical nrog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev sib hloov armored turret, tswj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hull, thiab lub cav- kis tau tus mob compartment nyob rau hauv lub rear ntawm lub tsheb. Nyob rau hauv lub turret mus rau sab laug ntawm rab phom yog txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub tank commander, mus rau sab xis yog tus phom, thiab ib tug tsis siv neeg loader yog ntsia rau hauv lub niche.
Lub pem hauv ntej thiab sab ntawm lub hull thiab turret ntawm lub tank Leclerc yog ua los ntawm ntau txheej armor nrog kev siv cov gaskets ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ceramic. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hull, ib tug modular tsim ntawm armor tiv thaiv yog ib feem siv. Nws muaj ob qhov zoo tshaj ntawm cov pa version: thawj zaug, yog tias ib lossis ntau lub modules puas lawm, lawv tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim txawm tias nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob, thiab qhov thib ob, yav tom ntej nws muaj peev xwm nruab modules ua los ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo dua. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tau them rau kev ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv lub ru tsev ntawm tus pej thuam, feem ntau los ntawm kev cog lus los tiv thaiv riam phom uas ntaus lub tank los ntawm saum toj no. Ob sab ntawm lub hull yog them nrog anti-cumulative armor screens, thiab steel thawv kuj hinged nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, uas yog ntxiv spaced armor.
Tank "Leclerc" yog nruab nrog lub kaw lus tiv thaiv riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm overcoming cheeb tsam ntawm contaminated struts nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua compartment nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug lim-ventilation chav tsev, lub siab tshaj plaws yog tsim nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv radioactive plua plav los yog tshuaj lom los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub purified huab cua. Kev muaj sia nyob ntawm Leclerc lub tank tseem nce ntxiv los ntawm kev txo nws cov silhouette, muaj qhov tsis siv neeg siab ceev hluav taws tua hluav taws hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab cov cav sib txuas thiab hluav taws xob (tshwj tsis yog hydraulic) tsav rau aiming rab phom, nrog rau kev sib tw. txo qis hauv qhov kos npe kho qhov muag vim muaj pa taws tsawg heev thaum lub cav khiav. Yog tias tsim nyog, lub vijtsam pa luam yeeb tuaj yeem muab tso rau los ntawm kev tua cov pa luam yeeb ntawm qhov deb ntawm txog 55 m nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej sector mus txog 120 °.
Lub tank yog nruab nrog lub ceeb toom (tseem ceeb) qhov system hais txog irradiation nrog lub laser beam kom cov neeg coob tuaj yeem nqa tawm qhov tsim nyog maneuver ntawm lub tsheb kom tsis txhob raug ntaus los ntawm riam phom tiv thaiv tank. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tank muaj kev txav mus los ntawm qhov chaw ntxhib. UAE xaj Leclerc tso tsheb hlau luam nruab nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm German thiab kis tau tus mob, uas suav nrog 1500-horsepower MTU 883-series cav thiab tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob los ntawm Renk. Noj mus rau hauv tus account lub lag luam nyob rau hauv suab puam tej yam kev mob, lub tso tsheb hlau luam yog nruab nrog ib tug cua txias system rau lub sib ntaus sib tua compartment. Thawj tsib lub tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm UAE series tau npaj rau lub Ob Hlis 1995. Ob tug ntawm lawv tau raug xa mus rau cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm huab cua ntawm lub nkoj Lavxias An-124 thauj dav hlau, thiab lwm tus peb tau nkag mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv armored hauv Saumur.
Ntxiv rau UAE, Leclerc tso tsheb hlau luam kuj tau muab rau lwm tus neeg siv khoom hauv Middle East. Hauv kev ua lag luam no, Fabkis cov tuam txhab uas tsim riam phom tau ua haujlwm tau zoo rau ntau xyoo. Yog li ntawd, Qatar thiab Saudi Arabia tau xav txog Leclercs, qhov twg ntau yam kev hloov kho ntawm American M60 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab Fabkis AMX-30 tam sim no ua haujlwm.
Cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo ntawm lub ntsiab sib ntaus sib tua tank "Leclerc"
Txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub, tus thawj coj tank siv H1-15 panoramic periscope pom nyob rau ntawm lub ru tsev turret mus rau sab laug ntawm rab phom. Nws muaj ib hnub pom kev channel thiab hmo ntuj ib qho (nrog rau peb tiam duab intensifier). Tus thawj coj kuj tseem muaj cov zaub uas qhia cov duab hauv TV los ntawm tus neeg tua phom pom. Nyob rau hauv tus thawj coj lub cupola, muaj yim iav blocks nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter, muab ib tug tag nrho-round saib ntawm lub struts.
Tus thawj coj ntawm lub tank thiab rab phom muaj tag nrho cov kev tswj hwm tsim nyog (panels, tes tuav, consoles). Lub tank Leclerc yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, feem ntau cov khoom siv digital (microprocessors), uas tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov tshuab tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom siv ntawm lub tank. Cov nram qab no yog kev sib txuas ntawm lub hauv paus multiplex cov ntaub ntawv tsheb npav: lub tshuab hluav taws xob digital ballistic computer ntawm kev tswj hluav taws (nws txuas nrog txhua lub sensors ntawm kev tua hluav taws, qhia thiab tswj cov pob qhov rooj ntawm tus thawj coj thiab cov neeg tua phom lub consoles), microprocessors ntawm tus thawj coj thiab cov neeg tua phom. pom, phom thiab coaxial tshuab phom-automatic loader, cav thiab kis tau tus mob, tsav tsheb tswj vaj huam sib luag.
Lub ntsiab armament ntawm Leclerc tank yog SM-120-120 26-mm smoothbore rab phom nrog lub thoob ntev ntawm 52 calibers (rau cov phom ntawm M1A1 Abrams thiab Leopard-2 tso tsheb hlau luam nws yog 44 calibers). Lub thoob yog nruab nrog lub tshav kub-insulating npog. Rau kev tua tau zoo thaum tsiv, rab phom ruaj khov hauv ob lub dav hlau qhia. Cov mos txwv thauj khoom muaj xws li kev txhaj tshuaj nrog armor-piercing piercing feathered shells nrog lub pallet detachable thiab HEAT shells. Armor-piercing core ntawm thawj (ntev mus rau txoj kab uas hla piv 20: 1) muaj qhov pib ceev ntawm 1750 m / s. Tam sim no, cov kws tshaj lij Fab Kis tab tom tsim 120-mm armor-piercing feathered projectile nrog cov tub ntxhais uranium depleted thiab tawg tawg tawg siab heev rau kev sib ntaus sib tua helicopters. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Leclerc tank yog qhov muaj lub tshuab tsis siv neeg, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo cov neeg coob rau peb tus neeg. Nws tau tsim los ntawm Creusot-Loire thiab ntsia rau hauv lub niche ntawm tus pej thuam. Cov mos txwv mechanized muaj xws li 22 txhaj tshuaj, thiab 18 qhov seem yog nyob rau hauv lub nruas-hom mos txwv khib rau sab xis ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg muab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 12 rounds ib feeb thaum tua ob qho tib si ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab txav mus.
Yog tias tsim nyog, kev tuav ntawm rab phom kuj tau muab. Cov kws tshaj lij Asmeskas tau txiav txim siab txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev siv lub tshuab nqa tsis siv neeg no ntawm Abrams tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov kho tom qab theem thib peb ntawm lawv cov kev hloov kho tshiab. Raws li cov cuab yeej pabcuam ntawm lub tank Leclerc, 12,7-mm tshuab rab phom coaxial nrog rab phom thiab 7,62-mm anti-aircraft tshuab rab phom mounted tom qab tus neeg tua phom lub hatch thiab tswj remotely yog siv. Cov mos txwv, feem, 800 thiab 2000 rounds. Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm tus pej thuam, grenade launchers yog mounted nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb armored laj kab (plaub pa luam yeeb grenades nyob rau txhua sab, peb anti-neeg ua hauj lwm thiab ob rau tsim infrared ntxiab). Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj hwm suav nrog tus neeg tua phom thiab tus thawj coj lub tank qhov pom nrog kev ywj pheej ruaj khov ntawm lawv qhov chaw saib hauv ob lub dav hlau thiab nrog cov laser rangefinders built-in. Tus neeg tua phom lub periscope pom yog nyob rau sab xis pem hauv ntej ntawm lub turret. Nws muaj peb qhov optoelectronic raws: nruab hnub nrig pom nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (2,5 thiab 10x), thermal imaging thiab TV. Qhov siab tshaj plaws kev ncua deb mus rau lub hom phiaj, ntsuas los ntawm lub laser rangefinder, ncav cuag 8000 m Rau kev soj ntsuam, nrhiav kom tau thiab txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj, nrog rau kev tua ib tug projectile nrog ib tug detachable pallet (ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 2000 m) thiab cumulative projectile (1500 m. ).
Raws li lub zog cog ntawm Leclerc tank, 8-lub tog raj kheej plaub-stroke V-shaped V8X-1500 kua-txias turbocharged diesel cav yog siv. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho thaiv nrog tsis siv neeg kis EZM 500, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv 30 feeb. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hu ua "hyperbar", suav nrog lub turbocharger thiab chav combustion chamber (xws li roj turbine). Nws ua kom muaj kev txhawb zog siab dua kom nce lub zog ntawm lub cav thaum txhim kho cov yam ntxwv torque. Tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob muab tsib rau pem hauv ntej speeds thiab ob thim rov qab. Lub tank Leclerc muaj cov lus teb zoo throttle - nws nrawm mus rau qhov nrawm ntawm 5,5 km / h hauv 32 vib nas this. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tank Fabkis txoj no yog lub xub ntiag ntawm hydropneumatic ncua kev kawm ntawv, uas ua kom lub zog du thiab muaj peev xwm traction ceev tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev thiab qhov chaw ntxhib. Thaum pib, nws tau npaj yuav yuav 1400 Leclerc tso tsheb hlau luam rau Fabkis hauv av rog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tub rog-kab lis kev cai tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub koom haum tub rog ntawm Warsaw Pact, tau tshwm sim hauv cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog Fab Kis hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam: qhov kev txiav txim tau txo mus rau 1100 units, ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog npaj rau. lub rearmament ntawm rau armored divisions (160 lub tsheb txhua), 70 tank yuav tsum tau muab xa mus rau cia thiab tank tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias cov lej no yuav hloov pauv. Tus nqi kwv yees ntawm ib lub tank yog 29 lab francs. Lub tank ntawm hom no yog npaj rau kev npaj hloov ntawm cov laus AMX-30. Thaum pib ntawm 1989, thawj pawg (16 units) ntawm Leclerc tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm serial ntau lawm raug txiav txim nrog pib xa mus rau cov tub rog thaum kawg ntawm 1991. Kev sim tub rog ntawm cov tsheb no nyob rau theem ntawm lub tank tub rog tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1993. Thawj lub tank tub rog tau ua tiav los ntawm lawv hauv xyoo 1995, thiab thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv xyoo 1996. Qhov chaw:
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Thaum kawg ntawm 70s, Fabkis thiab German cov kws tshaj lij tau pib sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim lub tank tshiab (cov kev pabcuam Napoleon-1 thiab KRG-3, raws li), tab sis xyoo 1982 nws raug txiav tawm. Hauv Fab Kis, txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim lawv tus kheej cog lus thib peb lub tank tau txuas ntxiv. Ntxiv mus, ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus qauv, xws li subsystems xws li lub taub hau thiab ncua kev kawm ntawv tau tsim thiab sim. Tus tsim tawm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tank, uas tau txais lub npe "Leclerc" (tom qab lub npe ntawm Fabkis tus thawj coj thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob), yog lub koom haum hauv lub xeev. Serial zus tau tej cov Leclerc tso tsheb hlau luam yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub xeev arsenal nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Roan.
