Omar - lub zog tshaj crustacean ntawm Polish artillery

Kev txhaj tshuaj zoo ntawm HIMARS launcher thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm GMLRS coj missile.

Txoj kev npaj rau cov cuab yeej siv rov ua dua tshiab ntawm Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog rau 2013-2022 muab rau kev yuav khoom ntawm cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob (DMOs) ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws ntev "Khomar" uas yog ib feem ntawm kev ua haujlwm "Modernization of missile rog thiab artillery. " Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Hauv Tebchaws tau txiav txim siab tias Homar yuav raug tsim los ua ib feem ntawm kev koom tes ntawm cov tuam txhab Polish coj los ntawm Huta Stalowa Wola SA, uas yuav tsim kev koom tes nrog ib tus neeg txawv tebchaws, tus xa khoom ntawm missile technology, xaiv los ntawm Ministry of National Defense. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm leej twg yuav yog tus tso cai thiab kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus rau kev ua tiav ntawm txhua txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem xav tau rau xyoo no, thiab thawj Lobster modules yuav raug xa mus rau cov chav nyob hauv 2018.

Homar txoj haujlwm yog officially - hauv xov xwm thiab tshaj tawm - nthuav tawm raws li qhov hu ua. Polish teb rau Iskander, thiab ntau dav raws li ib feem ntawm lub thiaj li hu. Polskie Kłów, uas yog, lub complex ntawm missile systems uas yuav tsum tsim lub Polish system ntawm pa deterrence. Ntxiv nrog rau cov nuances ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws tsis zoo thiab cov lus tshaj tawm tau hais thaum pib, uas ua rau lub npe nrov ntawm gooseberry raws li lub vine ntawm North, nws yuav tsum tau hais tias lub rearmament thiab expansion ntawm peb Rocket. thiab Artillery Forces (VRiA) yog qhov tsim nyog vim yog lub luag haujlwm loj uas cov tub rog zoo li no ua rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua niaj hnub no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ua tiav ntawm Homar qhov kev pab cuam yuav nthuav dav cov foob pob hluav taws xob phom. Tam sim no, lawv tsuas muaj 122 hli lub foob pob hluav taws xob: WR-40 Langusta, RM-70/85 thiab 9K51 Grad, uas tso cai rau kev tua ntawm ntau txog 20 km (nrog cov cuaj luaj qub) thiab mus txog 40 km (nrog Feniks- Z thiab Feniks-HE), tsuas yog siv lub foob pob hluav taws uas tsis muaj kev taw qhia. Kev taw qhia txog hom tshiab ntawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws xob foob pob hluav taws "Khomar" rau hauv cov cuab yeej yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws ntau ntxiv, nrog rau qhov tseeb thiab lub zog hluav taws xob. Homar kuj yog npaj los tsim kho lub Polish arsenal ntawm coj tactical ballistic missiles.

Yav dhau los thiab yav tom ntej

Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm hom tshiab ntawm tactical ballistic missile los ntawm Khomar yuav rov qab muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm 9K79 Tochka missile systems. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Warsaw Pact, Polish VRiA muaj kev ua haujlwm-tactical missile brigades thiab tactical missile squadrons, uas thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej yog armed nrog Soviet missile systems, sau nyob rau hauv cov lus qhuab qhia tam sim no ntawm kev ua ub no ntawm Warsaw Pact. Thaum lub sijhawm tawg ntawm lub koomhaum no, plaub lub koomhaum - suav nrog kev cob qhia - ntawm kev ua haujlwm-tactical missiles nyob rau hauv kev nom kev tswv tshiab tau hloov npe mus rau hauv missile regiments, thiab tom qab ntawd disbanded nrog qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm 8K14 / 9K72 Elbrus complexes. , uas nws tactical thiab technical parameters twb predetermined rau ntaus xwb unconventional (nuclear los yog tshuaj). Ntawm qhov tod tes, txog ib lub kaum os tactical missile squadrons tau thawj zaug reorganized, merged rau hauv tactical missile regiments, thiab ces maj liquidated nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom ntej. Yog li, 9K52 Luna-M thiab 9K79 Tochka systems tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam ntev me ntsis, tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm kev pabcuam hauv 2001 thiab 2005. tsis tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los xij, Lun thiab Tochka tau muab pov tseg yam tsis tau hloov los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshiab, thiab yog li Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tebchaws poob lub peev xwm xa cov foob pob hluav taws ntawm qhov deb ntawm 60-70 km. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum pib yuav luag txhua yam ntawm kos nrog Lobster program.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog ntxiv ntawm no tias cov tub rog Polish yeej tsis tau ua tub rog nrog lub tshuab foob pob hluav taws ntawm qhov loj dua li Grad, uas yog, 9K57 Uragan (220 mm) lossis 9K58 Smerch (300 mm). Yog li ntawd, qhov kev siv ntawm Khomar qhov kev pab cuam yuav tso cai rau, ntawm ib sab, kom tau txais cov peev xwm tshiab tag nrho hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau lub tshuab poob (txawm tias ntau dua, yog tias peb xav txog kev txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov missile lawv tus kheej, ua dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. ob xyoo dhau los) thiab tib lub sijhawm rov ua kom muaj peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua hauv kev ua haujlwm siab-precision ballistic tactical missiles. Yog li cia saib dab tsi muaj koj tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm.

HIMARS ATACMS

Hauv kev sib tw rau daim ntawv cog lus rau yav tom ntej Lobster, Lockheed Martin (LMC) thiab nws HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), i.e. highly mobile artillery missile system, ntawm chav kawm, muaj ib txoj hauj lwm muaj zog heev. Structureally, nws yog ib tug derivative ntawm lub ntev-paub system M270 MLRS (ntau lub foob pob ua ntxaij launcher system), qhia rau US Army nyob rau hauv 1983. Thawj MLRS launchers, M993, siv M987 taug qab armored chassis. Txhua lub MLRS launcher yog armed nrog ob 6 mm caliber modular missile systems nrog 227 rounds txhua. Hom foob pob hluav taws tus qauv yog M26 unguided nrog ib thaj tsam ntawm 32 km, nqa ib pawg warhead uas muaj 644 M77 high-explosive fragmentation rounds. Tsis ntev los no, M26A1 missile tau tsim nrog ntau yam nce mus txog 45 km, nqa 518 M85 HEAT sub-rockets tshiab, txhim khu kev qha ntau dua li M77 (feem pua ​​​​qis ntawm cov foob pob tsis tau tawg). Kuj tseem muaj lub foob pob nruab nrab, M26A2, uas yog qhov zoo ib yam rau A1 version hauv kev tsim, tab sis tseem nqa M77 auxiliary missiles ua ntej tsim cov tshiab M85s mus txog qhov tsim nyog.

M270 / A1 / B1 MLRS system tau dhau los ua qhov tsim tau zoo heev, nws tau ua pov thawj nws tus kheej hauv ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab tseem pom muaj ntau tus neeg tau txais kev pab hauv NATO (Tebchaws Asmeskas, Tebchaws Askiv, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Netherlands, Ltalis, Denmark. , Norway, Tim Nkij teb chaws, Qaib ntxhw) thiab tsis tau tsuas yog (xws li Israel, Nyiv, Republic of Kauslim, Finland). Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm nws evolution, lub MLRS nyob rau hauv 1986 kuj tau los ua ib tug launcher rau ib tug tshiab tiam ntawm tactical (raws li NATO faib) ballistic missiles ntawm US Army, i.e. tub rog tactical missile system MGM-140 (ATACMS), uas hloov lub qub MGM-52 Lance.

ATACMS yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Ling-Temco-Vought Corporation (LTV, tom qab ntawd yog ib feem ntawm Loral pawg, tam sim no Lockheed Martin Missiles & Hluav Taws Xob Tswj). Qhov ntev ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws ua rau nws tuaj yeem thauj nws lub thawv tso tawm tsis yog ib pob ntawm 227-mm rounds, ua tsaug rau qhov uas MLRS tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub foob pob hluav taws.

Txawm li cas los xij, MLRS, vim nws cov cab cab uas hnyav txog 25 tons, muaj kev txwv kev txav mus los. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tsuas yog US Army siv MLRS hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Tub Rog, thiab nws hnyav heev rau Marine Corps. Rau cov laj thawj no, qhov sib dua ntawm M270 tau tsim, piv txwv li. ib lub kaw lus tsim nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas li M142 HIMARS, nce yooj yim li HIMARS hauv teb chaws Poland. Cov txheej txheem tshiab siv 5-tuj tawm-txoj kev tsheb thauj khoom los ntawm Oshkosh FMTV series hauv 6x6 teeb tsa ua tus nqa khoom. Nws lub chassis yog nruab nrog lub launcher rau ib pob ntawm rau 227 hli puag ncig lossis ib qho ATACMS puag ncig. Txo qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav rau 11 tons thiab qhov me me ua rau

tias HIMARS kuj yuav USMC. Marines tam sim no tuaj yeem thauj HIMARS launchers nyob rau hauv KC-130J Super Hercules thauj dav hlau uas lawv siv. American HIMARS muaj armored cockpits, uas ua rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, suav nrog hauv kev ua tsov rog asymmetric. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob hauv computer tso cai rau koj tswj lub launcher thiab hluav taws kub hauv lub tsheb. Lub navigation system siv inertial platforms thiab GPS.

Los ntawm kev xaiv HIMARS, Tebchaws Poland tuaj yeem xaiv tus neeg nqa khoom peb- lossis plaub-qag. LMC muab kev koom ua ke nrog txhua lub chassis, yog li FMTV yuav tsum tsis txhob txawv rau Polish Army.

Lub HIMARS missile launcher yog mounted rau ntawm lub hauv paus swivel, ua tsaug rau qhov system tuaj yeem xaiv qhov chaw tua hluav taws ywj pheej thiab muaj qhov hluav taws kub loj, uas txo lub sijhawm nkag mus rau kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab hloov txoj haujlwm. Ib qho kev xav paub hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm HIMARS yog qhov tsis lees paub ntawm folding hydraulic ob txhais ceg, uas ua rau lub foob pob hluav taws kub hnyiab tom qab txhua qhov projectile raug rho tawm haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Vim li cas? Vim yog lub tswv yim ntawm daim ntawv thov, HIMARS hluav taws tsuas yog high-precision cartridges, i.e. M30 / M31 hauv 227mm thiab ATACMS. Tau kawg, HIMARS muaj peev xwm tua cov MLRS Tsev Neeg ntawm Munitions (MFOM) mos txwv, suav nrog M26 thiab M28 cov tsev neeg tsis muaj foob pob hluav taws. Rocking ntawm launchers, pom tom qab tua MFOM mos txwv, tsis cuam tshuam qhov tseeb ntawm ntaus missiles, coj thiab unguided. M26 unguided projectile tawm ntawm lub raj xa tawm qhia ua ntej nws cov lus teb xav tau txaus los cuam tshuam qhov raug. Tom qab txhaj tshuaj, lub viav vias ntsug nrawm nrawm, tso cai rau cov salvo tom ntej kom ua tiav qhov xav tau qhov tseeb.

Missiles M30 / M31 yog lub npe hu ua GMLRS (Guided MLRS), uas yog tus coj MLRS muaj peev xwm taug kev thiab kho cov chav kawm thaum lub davhlau. Lawv yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm M26 unguided rockets. Txhua lub missile yog nruab nrog lub suab nrov-insulating steering system raws li inertial thiab satellite GPS navigation, lub qhov ntswg nrog aerodynamic rudders. Lub peev xwm los kho qhov trajectory (ua ke nrog nws flattening) ntawm cov khoom tuaj ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom lub dav hlau nce mus txog 70 km (min. 15 km) thiab tib lub sij hawm txo qhov kev ua yuam kev ncig (CEP) kom tsawg dua 10. m. Lub GMLRS muaj qhov ntev ntawm 396 cm thiab tau kawg 227 mm (nominal) inch. Thaum pib, lub foob pob hluav taws M30 nqa 404 M85 sub-rockets. M31, tseem hu ua GMLRS Unitary, muaj lub taub hau sib koom ua ke nrog TNT sib npaug ntawm 90 kg, nruab nrog ob lub fuse ua haujlwm (hu rau lossis ncua sijhawm tawg los ntawm kev nkag mus). Tam sim no version ntawm ib qho GMLRS hauv kev tsim khoom yog M31A1, uas muaj qhov kev xaiv ntxiv airburst ua tsaug rau qhov sib thooj fuse. Lockheed Martin kuj tsim nyog rau M30A1 AW (Alternative Warhead). Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm M30 missile ntawm li 1% tiv thaiv cov hom phiaj saum npoo nrog rau qib xoom ntawm mos txwv.

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, pawg munitions muaj, hmoov tsis, phem heev PR, yog li ib pab pawg neeg loj ntawm lub teb chaws tau koom nrog lub npe hu. Convention on Cluster Munitions, renunciation of xws riam phom. Hmoov zoo, Poland tsis yog nyob rau hauv lawv, thiab tsis yog ob peb lub teb chaws uas tiv thaiv tiag tiag los yog tsim cov foob pob hluav taws, suav nrog Asmeskas thiab Ixayees (tseem Russia, Tuam Tshoj, Qaib ntxhw, Republic of Kauslim, Is Nrias teb, Belarus thiab Finland). ). Ib tug yuav xav tias yog Poland yuav xav tau 227mm cov foob pob hluav taws uas tsis pom zoo. Hauv qhov no, LMC cov neeg sawv cev tau npaj siab los tawm tswv yim siv M30A1 AW warhead.

Los ntawm kev yuav lub HIMARS system, Poland kuj tuaj yeem tau txais kev cob qhia mos txwv, piv txwv li. unguided foob pob ua ntxaij M28A2 nrog txhob txwm distorted aerodynamics thiab ib tug ntau yam txo mus rau 8÷15 km.

Tag nrho 227mm missiles tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv lawv lub kaw lus kaw rau 10 xyoo yam tsis tas yuav muaj kev saib xyuas.

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau overestimate qhov kom zoo dua ntawm HIMARS system los ntawm tus neeg siv lub ntsiab lus ntawm view (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov teb chaws uas tsis muaj peev xwm them taus qhov kev taw qhia ntawm ntau yam riam phom systems) - muaj peev xwm mus tau yooj yim thiab sai hloov ib tug artillery launcher mus rau hauv lub ballistic missile launcher. Hauv qhov no, ATACMS missile tau hais los saum toj no. Peb yuav dhau los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, cia peb tus kheej mus rau qhov kev xaiv tau npaj rau Poland. Nws yog ATACMS Block 1A (Unitary) variant - nrog tib lub taub hau uas tsis sib cais hauv kev ya davhlau - nrog rau thaj tsam ntawm 300 km, piv txwv li. Kev ua haujlwm-tactical missile (raws li kev faib tawm yav dhau los ntawm Warsaw Pact) - raws li cov cai ntawm Homar program. Lub fuselage-shaped ATACMS conical fuselage tau nruab nrog plaub qhov chaw aerodynamic uas nthuav tawm tom qab tua. Kwv yees li 2/3 ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub hull yog nyob los ntawm cov khoom siv cav. Lub taub hau thiab cov kev taw qhia yog mounted nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, siv jam-resistant inertial thiab satellite GPS navigation. Cov mos txwv muaj qhov ntev txog 396 cm thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm 61 cm. Lub taub hau hnyav hnyav 500 phaus (li 230 kg - qhov hnyav ntawm tag nrho cov phiaj xwm tsis pub lwm tus paub). CEP ncav cuag tus nqi hauv 10 m, ua rau Block IA yog li ntawd nws tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj kev ntshai ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dhau (lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog kwv yees li 100 m). Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias lub foob pob hluav taws raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm lub hom phiaj hauv nroog lossis hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog ib tus tub rog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv tsim ntawm lub taub hau thiab cov qauv ntawm nws cov detonation yog, raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm BMO, pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm zoo ntaus ntau hom phiaj, ob qho tib si ntxiv dag zog thiab thiaj li hu ua mos. Qhov no tau raug pov thawj ob qho tib si thaum lub sij hawm xeem kev tsim nyog thiab thaum siv kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Lub launcher ntawm Lynx system tua 160 hli LAR projectiles.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub zog ntawm LMC lub tswv yim yog qhov tseeb ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua siv GMLRS thiab ATACMS missiles thiab lawv cov khoom ntim. Tam sim no, 3100 GMLRS missiles tau raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua (tawm ntawm ntau dua 30 tsim tawm!). Ntawm qhov tod tes, 000 daim ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov kho ntawm ATACMS missiles twb tau tsim (xws li 3700 Block IA Unitary), thiab ntau li 900 ntawm lawv tau raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov no ua rau ATACMS tej zaum yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws niaj hnub coj missile hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv ib nrab xyoo dhau los.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias Lockheed Martin's HIMARS raws li Homar qhov kev muab yog qhov muaj kev ntseeg siab, kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo uas muaj kev ua haujlwm siab heev, ua rau muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntau tshaj. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab ke hauv 300 km muab lub peev xwm xa tawm sai thiab raug tawm tsam. Kev sib koom tes thiab kev sib koom ua ke nrog lwm tus neeg koom nrog NATO ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib koom ua ke txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm, thiab nws tseem yuav yog qhov sib ntxiv rau AGM-158 JASSM aviation system twb tau xaj. Lockheed Martin tau npaj txhij los koom tes nrog kev lag luam Polish tiv thaiv kev lag luam hauv kev muab HIMARS-raws li Homar system, uas tso cai rau ntau yam polonization, nrog rau hauv lawv cov txij nkawm thiab kev hloov kho tshiab tom ntej.

Lwm qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm Lynx launcher, lub sijhawm no tua 160mm Accular precision missile.

lynx

Israeli tuam txhab, i.e. Israel Military Industries (IMI) thiab Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) tau ua ib qho kev sib tw rau Teb Chaws Asmeskas, thiab lawv cov lus pom zoo rau Homar qhov kev pab cuam ntxiv rau ib leeg. Cia peb pib nrog lub kaw lus tsim los ntawm IMI, Lynx modular multi-barrel teb foob pob hluav taws launcher.

Lub tswv yim Rysi yog ib qho kev lag luam zoo nkauj uas nws yog ib qho modular multi-shot field rocket launcher uas tuaj yeem siv los tua ob qho tib si 122mm Grad foob pob hluav taws thiab niaj hnub Israeli coj munitions hauv peb qhov sib txawv calibers. Optionally, Lynx tuaj yeem dhau los ua lub foob pob hluav taws hauv av. Yog li, los ntawm kev yuav ib qho system, koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem hloov kho lub zog ntawm koj tus kheej cov phom loj, hloov mus rau cov haujlwm thiab qhov xwm txheej tam sim no.

Thaum muab piv rau Lynx thiab HIMARS systems, qee qhov kev xav zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom. Ob lub tshuab tau nruab rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom tawm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm American system, nws yog ib lub tsheb twb siv los ntawm US Army thiab US Marine Corps. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Lynx, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tsheb thauj khoom tawm hauv kev teeb tsa ntawm 6 × 6 lossis 8 × 8 nrog cov khoom tsim nyog. Muab hais tias Lynx tseem tuaj yeem tua tau 370mm foob pob hluav taws, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab xaiv tus cab kuj loj dua. IMI hais tias nws yuav ua ke lub launcher nrog 6x6 lossis 8x8 lub tsheb xaiv los ntawm Polish sab. Txog tam sim no, Lynx tau raug ntsia rau ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom ntawm European thiab Lavxias teb sab manufacturers. Lub launcher ntawm Lynx system, zoo li HIMARS, yog mounted ntawm lub hauv paus nrog lub peev xwm tig, vim nws muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm aiming nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm 90 ° nyob rau hauv azimuth (txog 60 ° elevation lub kaum sab xis), uas zoo heev pab txhawb. hom phiaj xaiv. firing txoj hauj lwm thiab txo lub sij hawm qhib. Ib qho kev sib txawv tam sim ntawd ntawm Israeli system thiab Asmeskas ib qho yog qhov muaj folding hydraulic txhawb nqa hauv thawj. Kev txwv qhov kev vibrations ntawm launchers thaum tua yeej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws thiab qhov tseeb thaum tua cov foob pob hluav taws uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Txawm hais tias, raws li qhov kev xav ntawm nws cov neeg tsim khoom, Lynx yuav tsum yog ib qho yooj yim los yog qhov tseeb, nyob ntawm seb cov cuaj luaj siv.

Thiab raws li twb tau hais lawm, tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tswv yim rau teb chaws Poland, IMI tab tom muab 122 hli Grad foob pob hluav taws uas tau siv nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland kom deb li deb, raws li zoo raws li niaj hnub Israeli foob pob hluav taws: unguided 160 hli LAR-160s thiab lawv kho version ntawm Accular, thiab siab. - precision Extra. 306mm cov mos txwv thiab qhov tseeb 370mm Predator Hawk. Nrog rau kev zam ntawm 122mm missiles, tag nrho lwm tus tau pib los ntawm cov thawv ntim khoom siv.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm launching 122-mm foob pob ua ntxaij sib haum nrog Grad system, ob 20-rail launchers ntawm tib tus tsim raws li cov paub los ntawm lub tsheb ntawm lub 2B5 Grad system yog ntsia ib sab ntawm lub Lynx launcher. Lub Lynx, ua tub rog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tuaj yeem tua tag nrho Grad missiles muaj nyob rau hauv khw, suav nrog Polish Feniks-Z thiab HE.

Israeli missiles LAR-160 (los yog yooj yim LAR) muaj ib tug caliber ntawm 160 mm, ib tug loj ntawm 110 kg thiab nqa ib tug 45-kilogram pawg warhead (104 M85 sub-rockets) nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 45 km. Raws li cov chaw tsim khoom, lawv tau siv los ntawm Israel Defense Force rau xyoo, thiab kuj tau yuav. Raws li: Romania (LAROM system), Georgia (kev nco txog artillery shelling ntawm tsaug zog Tskhinvali hmo ntuj ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 8, 2008), Azerbaijan los yog Kazakhstan (Naiza system). Lynx tuaj yeem ua tub rog nrog ob lub pob khoom ntawm 13 ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws no txhua. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej hauv kev txhim kho LAR missiles yog kev txhim kho ntawm Accular (Accurate LAR) version, i.e. muaj tseeb version, nyob rau hauv uas nce qhov tseeb tau ua tiav los ntawm equipping missiles nrog tswj systems raws li inertial navigation thiab GPS, thiab ib tug tswj system muaj xws li 80 me me impulse kho foob pob ua ntxaij cav ntsia tau rau hauv lub fuselage nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub sustainer engine. Lub projectile kuj muaj plaub finned tail fins uas decompose tam sim ntawd tom qab tua. Lub voj voog raug yuam kev ntawm Accular missiles yog kwv yees li 10 m. Qhov loj ntawm lub taub hau tau txo qis rau 35 kg (suav nrog 10 kg ntawm crushing nqi ncig los ntawm 22 prefabricated tungsten fragments hnyav 000 thiab 0,5 g), thiab qhov firing range yog 1 ÷ 14. km. Lynx system launcher tuaj yeem thauj khoom nrog 40 Accular rounds hauv ob pob ntawm 22 rounds txhua.

Lynx system launcher nrog ob lub thawv

nrog Delilah-GL cruise missiles.

Lwm hom projectile uas Lynx tuaj yeem tua tau yog 306mm Extra projectile nrog thaj tsam ntawm 30-150 km. Lawv kuj siv inertial thiab satellite navigation kev taw qhia, tab sis lub missile yog tswj nyob rau hauv lub davhlau los ntawm plaub airfoils ntsia nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub missile, uas yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo ib yam li siv nyob rau hauv GMLRS missiles. Qhov ntxiv yog ib lub taub hau fragmentation unitary (lub taub hau cassette kuj ua tau) nrog ib tug quab yuam fragmentation thiab ib tug nominal loj ntawm 120 kg (xws li 60 kg ntawm crushing nqi thiab txog 31 tungsten npas hnyav 000 g txhua). Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug nkag mus rau lub taub hau, nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau 1 cm ntawm reinforced pob zeb. Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm qhov projectile yog 80 kg, ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov roj yog li 430 kg. Lub foob pob hluav taws muaj qhov ntev ntawm 216 hli thiab muaj qhov seem ntawm tus Tsov tus tw nrog lub qhov tawm thiab plaub finned trapezoidal stabilizers uas nthuav tawm tom qab tshem tawm; tsav seem nrog lub cev muaj zog; warhead thiab lub qhov ntswg nrog ib tug steering system. Rau kev sib piv, Lavxias teb sab 4429M9 missile ntawm 528 mm caliber ntawm lub Smirkh system muaj ib tug loj ntawm 300 kg, nqa ib unitary inseparable fragmentation warhead hnyav 815 kg (ntawm uas 258 kg yog ib tug crushing nqi), muaj ib tug ntev ntawm 95 mm thiab a qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 7600 km. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias Lavxias missile loj dua, tab sis nws tsis muaj kev taw qhia thiab txav mus los ntawm kev nruj me ntsis, yog li qhov luv luv (kev xav, nws tuaj yeem ntev dua vim qhov txo qis ntawm qhov tseeb thiab ntau yam). Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj hauv kev ntawm Extra missiles (xws li GMLRS thiab Predator Hawk) flattens tawm thaum lawv ncav cuag lawv apogee. Cov rudders pem hauv ntej tsa lub qhov ntswg ntawm qhov projectile, txo lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev tawm tsam, yog li ua kom lub davhlau ntau thiab tswj tau ntawm qhov projectile (qhov tseeb, txoj kev ya davhlau tau kho tau zoo). Lub voj voog yuam kev ntawm kev ntaus lub plhaub Extra yog li 90 m. Lub Lynx launcher tuaj yeem nruab nrog ob pob ntawm plaub lub plhaub ntxiv rau txhua. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm IMI, ib pob ntawm 10 Ntxiv cov foob pob hluav taws tuaj yeem thauj khoom mus rau lub launchers ntawm M4/270A270 MLRS system tsis yog pob ntawm 1 missiles ntawm 6 mm caliber.

MSPO 2014 kuj tau nthuav tawm cov qauv ntawm 370mm Predator Hawk missile nrog rau qhov ntev mus rau 250 km thiab qhov tseeb zoo sib xws rau Ntxiv thiab Accular. Muab piv cov qauv ntawm Predator Hawk thiab Extra foob pob hluav taws uas nthuav tawm ib sab ntawm ib leeg, nws tuaj yeem kwv yees tias thawj tus yog li 0,5 m ntev dua. "Predator" rov hais dua cov qauv tsim ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws "Extra", qhov tseeb, yog nws daim ntawv loj. Nws lub taub hau hnyav 200 kg. Muab rau hauv tus account qhov ntev ntawm Predator Hawk missile, ib tug tuaj yeem pom tias qhov kev nce qib tau ua tiav li cas. Ib Lynx launcher tuaj yeem nruab nrog ob lub Predator Hawk dual-missile modules. Yog li, Lynx system, tsuas yog raws li cov lus qhia ntawm cov phom loj loj, yuav luag ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm Homar qhov kev pab cuam rau kev tua ntau ntawm 2 km.

Xav paub ntau ntxiv, Lynx kuj tseem yog TCS (Trajectory Correction System) sib xws, txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm hluav taws los ntawm cov neeg tsis pom kev phom sij. Lub TCS yog tsim los ntawm IMI hauv kev koom tes nrog Elisra / Elbit rau 26mm MLRS thiab M227 foob pob hluav taws (hauv kev koom tes nrog Lockheed Martin, lub npe hu ua MLRS-TCS). Lub TCS suav nrog: cov lus txib tshaj tawm, missile tracking radar system thiab missile trajectory tej thaj chaw deb kho qhov system. Txhawm rau ua kom qhov no ua tau, lub cav me me (GRD) Kev Taw Qhia Rocket Motor (GRM) tau teeb tsa rau hauv lub qhov ntswg ntawm cov cuaj luaj hloov kho, uas muab cov roj-dynamic tswj. TCS tuaj yeem tswj tau 12 lub foob pob ib txhij, kho lawv lub davhlau mus rau 12 lub hom phiaj sib txawv. Lub TCS muab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov yuam kev (CEP) ntawm 40m thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws. Lynx tuaj yeem ua tub rog nrog ob pob ntawm rau MLRS-TCS missiles txhua. Ua raws li MLRS-TCS, TCS-tshaj version ntawm LAR-160 missiles tau tsim. Lub Lynx system kuj tau nce qib hauv cov qub Central Asian Soviet koom pheej, yog li 220mm Uragan foob pob hluav taws kuj tau hloov kho rau Lynx.

Thaum lub Lobster tsis tas yuav tua cov foob pob hluav taws (yog li nws yuav tsum raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev xaiv), feem ntau cov cuab yeej cuab tam uas tus neeg siv Lynx tuaj yeem muaj ntawm lawv qhov chaw pov tseg yog Delilah-GL (Ground Launched) turbojet cruise missile. Hauv av Launched), kuj muaj los ntawm IMI los ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb). Nws muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 250 kg (nrog lub foob pob hluav taws tso tawm tom qab tshem tawm) thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 230 kg hauv kev teeb tsa dav hlau (suav nrog 30 kg lub taub hau), lub davhlau ntau ntawm 180 km thiab lub davhlau ceev ntawm 0,3 ÷ 0,7 lab xyoo. (kev tawm tsam ceev 0,85 .8500 m ntawm qhov siab txog 2 m). Cov kev taw qhia optoelectronic (CCD lossis matrix I1R) nrog cov duab xa mus rau lub sijhawm tiag tiag rau tus neeg teb xov tooj lub console thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov chaw taws teeb ntawm cov cuaj luaj muab kev ua haujlwm siab hauv lub hom phiaj nrhiav kom pom thiab txheeb xyuas (tsis zoo li ballistic missiles) thiab qhov tseeb (CVO) ntawm ib theem ntawm txog 300 m. Ob lub thawv foob pob hluav taws Delilah-GL tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm ib lub launcher Lynx. Kev xa tawm ntawm Delilah-GL missiles los ntawm Lynx complex yuav tsum muaj peev xwm los cuam tshuam nrog kev txav lub hom phiaj uas nyuaj rau kev rhuav tshem nrog cov foob pob hluav taws, txawm tias lawv lub sijhawm ya luv luv (tshwj xeeb ntawm thaj tsam li XNUMX km).

Txhua Lynx launcher yog nruab nrog kev sib txuas lus thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob digital, nrog rau kev siv inertial thiab satellite navigation. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, nws tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm lub network-centric tswj qhov system, sai thiab ntseeg siab txiav txim siab nws txoj haujlwm hauv thaj chaw thiab hloov chaw tua hluav taws txhua lub sijhawm. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub launcher tso cai rau nws ua haujlwm autonomously. Lub launcher yog tsom thiab missiles raug rho tawm los ntawm sab hauv lub tsheb. Lub launcher ntawm nws tus kheej txheeb xyuas cov pob khoom ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws sib txawv (nws tuaj yeem thauj ob hom missiles ib txhij ntawm ib lub launcher). Ua tsaug rau cov qauv tsim qauv ntawm qhov projectiles, lub sijhawm rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub launcher yuav siv sijhawm tsawg dua 10 feeb.

Lub roj teeb ntawm "Lynx" system, ntxiv rau cov launchers thiab thauj-them tsheb, tseem muaj lub roj teeb hais kom ua (C4I) nyob rau hauv lub thawv kaw, uas tsom xam cov ntaub ntawv tshawb nrhiav thiab huab cua tsim nyog rau kev qhib hluav taws yog nqa tawm. Lub Stand kuj txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim tom qab kev tawm tsam.

Field missile system "Nayza", "Lynx" rau Kazakhstan raws li lub chassis ntawm lub KamAZ-63502.

Ntawm lub launcher koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus qhia rau 220-mm cov mos txwv, thiab hauv av - ib pob ntim ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob Ntxiv.

Summing txog lub tswv yim IMI, peb yuav tsum tau hais txog cov lus pom zoo rau kev koom tes hauv kev lag luam. Lub tuam txhab Israeli siv lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab cov neeg siv kev txhawb nqa thoob plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kaw lus, suav nrog lub koom haum ntawm kev xa khoom thiab kev cob qhia. IMI yuav yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Lynx launcher nrog txhua lub chassis xaiv los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Hauv Tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm missile ntau lawm, IMI muab thev naus laus zis hloov pauv rau kev tsim cov ntawv tso cai ntawm qee qhov chaw thiab cov khoom siv, nrog rau kev sib dhos zaum kawg ntawm cov cuaj luaj hauv tebchaws Poland. IMI tseem tau cog lus los koom nrog Lynx system nrog cov lus txib Polish uas twb muaj lawm, kev sib txuas lus thiab kev txawj ntse (C4I) systems.

LAURA thiab Harrop

Lub tswv yim IMI rau 370mm Predator Hawk tuaj yeem suav tias ua tiav - tsawg kawg nws tsuas yog 50 km ntawm qhov xav tau Lobster ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, Predator Hawk tsis yog koj lub foob pob hluav taws. Ntxiv mus, nws tuaj yeem xav tias nws tus nqi zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem muab los ntawm IAI, uas yog kev ua haujlwm-tactical ballistic missile LORA.

LORA yog ib lub npe luv rau LOng Range Artillery, uas yog, ntev-ntev artillery. Muab cov npe ntawm cov foob pob hluav taws, LORA yog nyob rau hauv kev sib tw ncaj qha nrog ATACMS missile, thaum muab txhua yam uas Extra missile muaj, tab sis ntawm qhov sib thooj loj dua, piv txwv li. ntev ntau, hnyav warhead, zoo ib yam li tag nrho-ncig ntaus yuam kev, tab sis tag nrho ntawm tus nqi ntawm tus nqi siab dua. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias "Ntxiv" yog ib qho hnyav, tab sis txawm li cas los xij ib lub foob pob hluav taws, ces LORA belongs rau qeb ntawm high-precision ballistic missiles.

Nws tuaj yeem pom tias cov neeg tsim qauv Israeli tau coj txoj hauv kev sib txawv dua li Asmeskas cov neeg tsim qauv yav dhau los thaum tsim lub ATACMS missile. Qhov no yuav tsum sib phim qhov loj ntawm ib pob ntawm rau MLRS missiles, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim ntawm ATACMS, ua raws li lwm cov kev txwv thiab cov yam ntxwv. LORA, ntawm qhov tod tes, tau tsim yam tsis muaj kev txwv xws li kev siv riam phom tag nrho, thiab tib lub sijhawm yog cov tub ntxhais hluas ncaj ncees. Kev sim cov foob pob hluav taws tau pib ntau xyoo dhau los, thiab tau ntau xyoo nws tau dhau los ua kev lag luam hnyav los ntawm IAI, suav nrog hauv tebchaws Poland. Thiab LORA muab nws cov neeg siv tau li cas? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, siab firepower thiab ib tug tag nrho-fledged riam phom system, i.e. uas tseem suav nrog cov kev tshawb nrhiav tau sib xws - IAI Harop, uas tso cai rau koj los siv tag nrho cov peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov cuaj luaj. Thawj yam ua ntej.

LORA yog ib-theem ballistic missile nrog lub zog tsav lub cav, tau pib los ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab cov thawv ntim. Raws li IAI, LORA tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub thawv rau tsib xyoos yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj. Hauv kev tsim lub foob pob hluav taws, tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob tsav, tsis muaj hydraulics, uas tseem ua rau kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm.

Lub cev ntawm ib-theem LORA foob pob ua ntxaij muaj qhov ntev ntawm 5,5 m, ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0,62 m thiab ib tug loj ntawm txog 1,6 tons (ntawm uas ib tuj yog cov loj ntawm cov roj khoom). Nws cov duab yog cylindrical, conical nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej (ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub taub hau) thiab nruab nrog plaub qhov chaw aerodynamic nrog ib tug trapezoidal contour ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov zoo li ntawm lub hull, ua ke nrog rau txoj kev saws los ntawm kev tswj lub foob pob hluav taws nyob rau hauv lub davhlau, ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus ua maneuvers nyob rau hauv lub kawg seem ntawm lub trajectory vim lub siab txaus lifting quab yuam tsim los ntawm lub hull nws tus kheej. Lub IAI txhais lub trajectory ntawm ib tug projectile li "zoo li tus", piv txwv li optimized nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tawm tsam efficiency. LORA maneuvers nyob rau hauv ob theem ntawm kev ya davhlau - thawj zaug, tam sim ntawd tom qab tawm mus, thiaj li yuav tau txais txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws (IAI qhia tias qhov no kuj ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov yeeb ncuab kom raug txiav txim siab txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub launcher) thiab nyob rau theem kawg ntawm lub txoj kev. Qhov tseeb, sai li sai tau lub foob pob hluav taws mus txog qhov apogee ntawm nws txoj kev taug, LORA kho nws txoj kev ya mus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj rau taug qab cov foob pob hluav taws (hloov cov kev sib tw tam sim no) thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev tswj xyuas lub foob pob kom txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev tawm tsam. Cov peev xwm zoo li no, ua ke nrog kev sib tw nrawm nrawm, ua rau nws nyuaj dua rau kev tua cov cuaj luaj thiab txo lub sijhawm ntawm kev tua mus rau ntaus lub hom phiaj. Lub sijhawm ya davhlau yog kwv yees li tsib feeb thaum tua ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 300 km. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws yog 90 km, uas qhia tau hais tias me me tau apogee thiab txoj kev ya dav hlau tiag tiag. Nyob rau theem kawg, LORA tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los muab lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau lub hom phiaj, nce mus txog 60 ÷ 90 °. Lub peev xwm los ntaus lub hom phiaj ntsug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tawm tsam lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv (piv txwv li, cov chaw nyob) thaum lub fuse ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm detonation hom, nrog rau kev ua kom muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov khoom tawg thiab overpressure thaum sib cuag lossis tsis sib cuag detonation. . Lub missile LORA tuaj yeem nqa ob hom kev sib ntaus sib tua: lub taub hau tawg tawg siab heev nrog kev tsis sib cuag lossis kev sib cuag tawg thiab kev nkag mus rau lub taub hau tawg nrog kev ncua muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau ntau tshaj ob metres ntawm cov pob zeb ntxiv.

Lub LORA muab rau Tebchaws Poland nqa lub taub hau sib koom ua ke uas hnyav 240 kg. Los ntawm ib qho kev pom zoo, kev siv lub foob pob hluav taws no nrog lub taub hau ua rog tsis yog qhov teeb meem, tab sis vim muaj kev nkag mus rau ntau lub teb chaws mus rau Cov Lus Cog Tseg ntawm Pawg Sib Tham, LORA tau ua tiav mus rau pem hauv ntej nrog lub taub hau sib koom ua ke (zoo hmoo, tsis yog Poland, lossis Cov neeg Ixayees, lossis Tebchaws Meskas tau koom nrog lub rooj sib tham, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los siv cov tswv yim kev daws teeb meem hauv thaj chaw ntawm pawg tub rog los ntawm kev sib tham tsim nyog ntawm qib kev tswj hwm).

Lub LORA missile kev taw qhia yog ua ke thiab muaj ib qho inertial navigation platform thiab lub suab nrov-resistant GPS satellite receiver. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov no tso cai rau koj los tswj cov cuaj luaj hauv kev ya davhlau hauv peb lub dav hlau, suav nrog kev xaiv ntawm trajectory, thiab tseem ua rau LORA missile resistant mus rau kev siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws lav qhov tseeb ntawm txhua qhov huab cua. . Circular hit yuam kev hauv 10 m.

Lub foob pob hluav taws roj teeb ntawm tus qauv LORA muaj xws li: lub thawv xa ntawv (K3) ntawm ib lub tsheb sib cais, plaub lub launchers nrog plaub lub thauj khoom thiab tso tawm, txhua qhov ntawm lub chassis ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom tawm hauv 8 × 8 layout, thiab tib yam. tus naj npawb ntawm thauj thiab thauj cov tsheb nrog margin missiles rau tag nrho cov launchers. Yog li, LORA missile roj teeb muaj 16 (4 × 4) missiles npaj rau kev tua tam sim ntawd, thiab lwm 16 missiles uas yuav tsum tau launched tom qab reloading lub launcher. Nws siv sijhawm 16 vib nas this los tua thawj 60 missiles. Txhua lub foob pob hluav taws raug tua tuaj yeem ntaus lub hom phiaj sib txawv. Qhov no muab ib lub roj teeb uas muaj zog heev.

Nws tseem muaj peev xwm tua LORA (thiab Harop) cov cuaj luaj los ntawm lub nkoj launchers. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev ua tau zoo no yog dhau qhov kev xav ntawm Homar program.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub ntsiab lus nthuav dav ntawm IAI lub tswv yim, uas ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev ua haujlwm ntawm LORA missile, yog Harop riam phom system, uas belongs rau qeb ntawm qhov hu ua loitering mos txwv. Lub drone zoo li haropa yog ib qho derivative ntawm lwm IAI riam phom system, Harpy anti-radar missile. Harop muaj cov qauv tsim zoo sib xws. Kev tua yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev thauj khoom kaw thiab tso lub thawv tso rau ntawm lub chassis ntawm lub tsheb thauj khoom. Lub tsheb 8 × 8 tuaj yeem nqa 12 ntawm cov thawv no. Cov khoom siv (roj teeb) muaj peb lub tshuab, tag nrho ntawm 36 Harop. Cov lus txib ntawm lub thawv, siv nws tus kheej lub tshuab, kuj tso cai rau koj los tswj lub "swarm" ntawm qhov tso tawm "Harop". Hauv kev ya davhlau, Harop tsav lub pusher kiv cua, thiab lub community launch tshwm sim nrog kev pab los ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Harop system yog lub sijhawm ntev (ntau teev) saib xyuas thaj chaw loj. Ua li no, nws nqa hauv qab lub qhov ntswg lub teeb, nruab hnub hmo ntuj (nrog lub thermal imaging channel) 360 ° txav tau lub taub hau optoelectronic. Daim duab real-time raug xa mus rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov lus txib. Harop patrols, ya ntawm qhov siab tshaj 3000 m, yog tias nws pom lub hom phiaj tsim nyog ntawm kev tawm tsam, tom qab ntawd, ntawm cov lus txib muab los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj, nws nkag mus rau hauv kev dhia dej ntawm qhov ceev ntawm ntau tshaj 100 m / s thiab rhuav tshem. nws nrog lub teeb OH lub taub hau. Nyob rau txhua theem ntawm lub hom phiaj, Harop tus neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem nres qhov kev tawm tsam ("tus txiv neej hauv lub voj voog" lub tswv yim), tom qab ntawd Harop rov qab mus rau kev saib xyuas davhlau hom. Yog li, Harop muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav drone thiab pheej yig cruise missile. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm LORA ballistic missile roj teeb, ntxiv Harop system muab kev tshawb nrhiav, kev txheeb xyuas (piv txwv li, qhov txawv ntawm cov tsheb tiag tiag) thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov hom phiaj, lawv taug qab hauv cov khoom txav, kev txiav txim siab ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm lub hom phiaj, nrog rau kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam. Yog tias tsim nyog, nws tuaj yeem "tiav" lossis tawm tsam cov hom phiaj uas tau dim ntawm LORA missile nres. Harop tseem tso cai rau kev siv nyiaj ntau dua ntawm LORA missiles, uas tsuas yog raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm lub hom phiaj uas tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem los ntawm Harop lub teeb lub taub hau. Kev txawj ntse cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm los ntawm Harop system kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntawm lwm cov units, piv txwv li, nruab nrog lwm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Lub LORA missile roj teeb, txhawb nqa los ntawm Harop system, yuav muaj peev xwm tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig ntawm lub sijhawm nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov cuaj luaj, nrog rau tuaj yeem soj ntsuam tam sim ntawd qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tawm tsam missile. .

Lub Dilemma ntawm Kev Xaiv

Cov txheej txheem muaj nyob rau hauv Homar qhov kev pab cuam yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis zoo uas ua tau raws li qhov kev cia siab ntawm Ministry of National Defense. Nws tuaj yeem xav tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev, nrog rau kev koom tes ntawm Polish kev lag luam thiab, tejzaum nws, lub tswv yim hloov technology, yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txheeb xyuas cov lus pom zoo ntawm lawv tus kheej, nws yog qhov tseeb tias Homar yav tom ntej yuav hloov lub ntsej muag ntawm Polish WRiA. Txawm hais tias qhov kev xaiv ntawm Ministry of Defense, Polish cov neeg tua phom yuav tau txais riam phom uas yuav dhau los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob yav dhau los hais txog kev nrawm nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, hais txog qhov tseeb thiab ntau yam. Yog li, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav raug hloov pauv, qhov chaw tua hluav taws loj heev yuav raug hloov los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntau zaus thiab raug uas cov ntsiab lus siv thaum kaj ntug ntawm hnub. Nrog rau kev sib tw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv tebchaws Poland, tsoomfwv thiab Ministry of National Defense yuav tsum ua txhua yam los xyuas kom meej tias yav tom ntej Homar, ntxiv rau kev tua cov cuaj luaj high-precision nrog lub taub hau sib koom ua ke, kuj muaj cov foob pob hluav taws. ntawm nws pov tseg. , yog zoo heev nyob rau hauv repelling tawm tsam los ntawm armored thiab mechanized units, suppressing yeeb ncuab artillery los yog tiv thaiv helicopter landings. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev yuav cov foob pob hluav taws nrog thaj tsam ntawm 300 km yuav ntxiv dag zog rau lub peev xwm ntawm Cov Tub Rog hauv av ua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua. nruab nrab hauv av rog ntawm cov yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm (cov kab ke 9K37M1-2 "Buk-M1-2" thiab 9K317 "Buk-M2") tsis tuaj yeem tua cov cuaj luaj ballistic nrog ntau tshaj 250 km.