Lub teeb tank M5 Stuart part 2
Lub teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm US Army thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II yog M5A1 Stuart. Hauv European TDWs lawv tau poob feem ntau rau kev tua phom loj (45%) thiab cov mines (25%) thiab rau tes tuav cov foob pob hluav taws. Tsuas yog 15% raug rhuav tshem los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam.
Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1942, nws twb paub meej tias lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, phom nrog 37-mm phom thiab nrog cov cuab yeej siv tsawg, tsis haum rau kev ua haujlwm tank uas tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua - txhawb nqa infantry thaum tawg los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lossis kev ua haujlwm raws li ib feem ntawm ib pawg yeeb ncuab, vim . nrog rau kev txhawb nqa lawv tus kheej tiv thaiv kev ua ub no lossis ua kev tawm tsam. Tab sis cov no yog tag nrho cov dej num uas tau siv lub tank? Tsis yog kiag li.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam yog los txhawb cov tub rog hauv kev tiv thaiv kev sib txuas lus hauv qab ntawm cov tub rog nce qib. Xav txog kev txib ib pab tub rog sib ntaus sib tua coj los ntawm ib pab tub rog armored nrog peb lub tuam txhab ntawm Sherman, nrog rau cov tub rog nyob rau hauv ib nrab-Track armored cov neeg ua haujlwm. Ib pab tub rog tub rog uas muaj phom M7 Pov Thawj tus kheej tau nce mus tom qab. Hauv kev dhia, txij li muaj ib lossis ob lub roj teeb ntawm ob sab ntawm txoj kev, npaj qhib hluav taws thaum cov tub rog hu los ntawm sab xub ntiag, thiab lwm tus tub rog mus txog lub armored mechanized unit los tuav txoj haujlwm tua, lub roj teeb kawg hauv lub nraub qaum txav mus rau hauv txoj haujlwm taug kev thiab txav mus rau pem hauv ntej. Hauv qab koj yog txoj kev uas muaj ib lossis ob qhov kev sib tshuam tseem ceeb.
Tus qauv M3E2 nyob rau hauv nws thawj daim ntawv, nrog ib tug M3 tank lub cev powered los ntawm ob Cadillac tsheb cav. Qhov no tso tawm lub peev xwm ntau lawm rau Continental radial xyaw, xav tau ntau hauv kev cob qhia dav hlau.
Ntawm lawv txhua tus koj tau tso lub tuam txhab ntawm cov tub rog tsav tsheb kom tsis txhob cia cov yeeb ncuab txiav nws tawm, vim tias cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov roj thiab General Motors tsheb "nrog txhua yam tsim nyog" mus rau txoj kev no. Yuav ua li cas txog lwm txoj kev? Qhov no yog qhov chaw patrolling platoons ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam xa los ntawm kev sib tshuam mus rau kev sib tshuam yog qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias muaj, lawv yuav nrhiav thiab rhuav tshem ib pawg yeeb ncuab sib ntaus sib tua hla teb lossis hav zoov ntawm ko taw txhawm rau txhawm rau thauj khoom thauj. Koj puas xav tau nruab nrab Shermans rau qhov no? Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev M5 Stuart yuav ua li cas. Cov yeeb ncuab loj dua tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws txoj kev. Muaj tseeb tiag, tso tsheb hlau luam tuaj yeem taug kev hla teb, tab sis tsis yog mus deb dua, vim tias yog lawv hla cov dej thaiv lossis hav zoov tuab, lawv yuav tau mus ncig nws ... nws kuj sai.
Tab sis qhov no tsis yog txoj haujlwm nkaus xwb. Nws coj ib pab tub rog ntawm nruab nrab tanks nrog infantry. Thiab ntawm no yog txoj kev mus rau sab. Nws yuav tsim nyog los xyuas seb muaj dab tsi nyob ntawd, yam tsawg 5-10 km ntawm qhov kev taw qhia tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam. Cia cov Shermans thiab Ib Nrab Trucks txav mus, thiab lub platoon ntawm Stewart tus khub yuav raug xa mus ib sab. Thaum nws hloov tawm tias lawv tau taug kev kaum mais thiab tsis muaj dab tsi nthuav nyob ntawd, cia lawv rov qab los koom nrog cov tub rog tseem ceeb. Thiab lwm yam…
Yuav muaj ntau yam haujlwm zoo li no. Piv txwv li, peb nres rau ib hmos, qhov chaw tom qab cov tub rog ib tug tub rog hais kom ua ncej yog deployed, thiab tiv thaiv nws peb yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib lub tuam txhab ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam los ntawm armored battalion ntawm pab tub rog pab tub rog. Vim tias cov tank nruab nrab xav tau los ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv ib ntus ntawm qhov ncav cuag. Thiab thiab lwm yam ... Muaj ntau ntau txoj haujlwm tshawb nrhiav, npog lub tis, patrolling mov routes, guarding commands and headquarters, for which "loj" tanks are not need, but some kind of armored car will be useful.
Txhua qhov kev txav mus los uas yuav txo tau qhov xav tau ntawm cov roj thiab cov phiaj xwm hnyav (cov mos txwv rau M5 Stuart yog qhov sib dua, thiab yog li sib dua hauv qhov hnyav - yooj yim dua rau cov kab hauv ntej) yog qhov zoo. Ib qho kev nthuav dav yog qhov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua lub teb chaws uas tsim armored rog thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Thaum xub thawj txhua leej txhua tus tsim kev sib faib tag nrho ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab tom qab ntawd txhua tus tau txwv lawv tus lej. Cov Germans txo cov naj npawb ntawm cov chav nyob hauv lawv lub tank faib los ntawm ob pawg tub rog mus rau ib pab tub rog nrog ob battalions. Cov Askiv kuj tau tso lawv nrog ib lub tub rog armored tsis yog ob, thiab cov neeg Lavxias tau rhuav tshem lawv cov tub rog loj loj los ntawm kev pib ua tsov rog thiab hloov cov tub rog, uas tom qab ntawd pib ua tib zoo sib sau ua ke, tab sis ntau me me, tsis muaj ntxiv lawm. tshaj ib txhiab lub tank, tab sis nrog tus lej tsawg kawg peb zaug tsawg dua.
Cov neeg Amelikas tau ua ib yam. Thaum pib, lawv lub tank faib nrog ob lub tank tub rog, tag nrho rau XNUMX battalions, raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej hauv North Africa. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv txhua lub tank tom ntej thiab nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov yav tas los tsim sawv daws yuav, tsuas yog peb cais tank battalions tseem tshuav, thiab cov theem ntawm lub regimental raug tshem tawm. Txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, American armored division suav nrog armored battalions nrog plaub lub tuam txhab sib ntaus sib tua lub koom haum (tsis suav lub tuam txhab hais kom ua nrog cov pab pawg). Peb ntawm cov tub rog no muaj lub tank nruab nrab, thaum lub thib plaub tseem nrog lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv uas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau ib lub battalion tau raug txo qis me ntsis, thiab tib lub sij hawm txhua txoj haujlwm tau muab nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua.
Tom qab tsov rog, lub teeb tank qeb tom qab ploj mus. Vim li cas? Vim tias lawv cov dej num tau raug coj los ntawm ntau lub tsheb ntau yam tsim los ntawm qhov siab ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Txias - infantry sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Tsis tsuas yog lawv lub zog hluav taws xob thiab cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv piv rau lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, tab sis lawv kuj nqa ib pab tub rog ntawm infantry. Nws yog lawv, ntxiv rau lawv lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb - thauj infantry thiab muab lawv cov kev txhawb nqa ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua - uas tau ua cov haujlwm uas yav dhau los tau ua los ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam. Tab sis thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II, lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam tseem tau siv nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua pab tub rog ntawm lub ntiaj teb, vim hais tias cov neeg Askiv muaj "Stuarts" los ntawm cov khoom siv qiv, thiab USSR siv T-70 tsheb mus txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau tsim M41 Walker Bulldog tsev neeg ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam, USSR - tsev neeg PT-76, thiab hauv USSR, uas yog, lub teeb tank, cov neeg ua haujlwm nrhiav tub rog, lub tank tua, tsheb thauj neeg mob, tsheb thauj neeg mob thiab kev pab tsheb, thiab qhov ntawd yog nws tsev neeg ntawm ib lub chassis.
