laser computers

Lub moos ceev ntawm 1 GHz processors yog ib billion ua haujlwm ib ob. Ntau, tab sis cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws tam sim no muaj rau cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab twb ua tiav ntau zaus. Yuav ua li cas yog nws speeds li ... ib lab lub sij hawm?

Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis tshiab tau cog lus, siv cov pulses ntawm lub teeb laser hloov ntawm cov xeev "1" thiab "0." Qhov no yog ua raws los ntawm kev suav yooj yim quadrillion zaug ib ob.

Hauv kev sim ua nyob rau xyoo 2018 thiab tau piav qhia hauv phau ntawv Journal Nature, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tua cov kab hluav taws xob infrared laser ntawm honeycomb arrays ntawm tungsten thiab selenium (1). Qhov no ua rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm silicon nti hloov ntawm xoom thiab ib lub xeev, ib yam li lub khoos phis tawj ib txwm muaj, tsuas yog ib lab lub sijhawm sai dua.

Qhov no tshwm sim li cas? Cov kws tshawb fawb piav txog qhov no graphically, qhia tias electrons nyob rau hauv cov hlau honeycombs coj tus cwj pwm "strangely" (tab sis tsis ntau). Thaum zoo siab, cov khoom no dhia ntawm ntau lub xeev quantum, hu ua "pseudo-spinning".

Cov kws tshawb fawb piv nws rau treadmills ua nyob ib puag ncig molecules. Lawv hu cov lem no "koob" thiab piav qhia txog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no li "dolinatronica » (S).

Cov electrons zoo siab los ntawm laser pulses. Nyob ntawm qhov polarity ntawm cov pulses infrared, lawv "nyob" ib ntawm ob qhov ua tau "khiav" nyob ib ncig ntawm lub atoms ntawm cov hlau lattice. Ob lub xeev tam sim no qhia txog kev siv qhov tshwm sim hauv computer logic zero-one.

Electron hopping yog ceev heev, nyob rau hauv femtosecond cycles. Thiab ntawm no yog lus dag rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ceev ntawm laser-guided systems.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sib cav tias vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev, cov tshuab no, hauv kev nkag siab, hauv ob lub xeev ib txhij (superposition), uas tsim cov cib fim rau. Cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias txhua yam no tshwm sim hauv chav kubthaum feem ntau cov quantum computers uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau txias tshuab ntawm qubits rau qhov kub thiab txias ze rau kiag li xoom.

"Lub sijhawm ntev, peb pom qhov ua tau tiag tiag ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv quantum uas ua haujlwm sai dua li ib qho oscillation ntawm lub teeb nthwv dej," tus kws tshawb fawb tau hais hauv nqe lus. Rupert Huber, xibfwb ntawm Physics ntawm University of Regensburg, Lub teb chaws Yelemees.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau ua ib qho kev ua haujlwm quantum tiag tiag hauv txoj kev no, yog li lub tswv yim ntawm quantum computer ua haujlwm ntawm chav tsev kub tseem yog qhov theoretical nkaus xwb. Tib yam siv rau lub tshuab xam zauv ib txwm muaj ntawm qhov system no. Tsuas yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm oscillations tau pom thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev suav tiag tiag.

Cov kev sim zoo ib yam li cov lus piav qhia saum toj no twb tau ua lawm. Hauv 2017, cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau luam tawm hauv Nature Photonics, suav nrog hauv University of Michigan hauv Asmeskas. Nyob ntawd, 100-femtosecond pulses ntawm lub teeb laser tau dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor los saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm electrons. Raws li txoj cai, qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv zoo ib yam li tau piav qhia ua ntej. Yog li cov quantum yuav tshwm sim.

Lub teeb chips thiab perovskites

Ua "quantum laser computers » nws raug kho txawv. Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj dhau los, pab pawg tshawb fawb Asmeskas-Japanese-Australian tau ua kom pom lub teeb pom kev zoo. Hloov chaw qubits, txoj hauv kev tshiab siv lub cev lub cev ntawm cov kab teeb ci laser thiab cov khoom siv lead ua los hloov cov kab teeb rau hauv ib hom teeb tshwj xeeb hu ua "squeezed light."

Rau ib lub xeev pawg los ua kom pom quantum xam lub peev xwm, lub laser yuav tsum tau ntsuas nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, thiab qhov no yog tiav siv quantum-entangled network ntawm iav, beam emitters, thiab optical fibers (2). Txoj hauv kev no tau nthuav tawm ntawm qhov ntsuas me me, uas tsis muab kev ntsuas siab txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias tus qauv tuaj yeem hloov kho tau thiab cov qauv loj dua tuaj yeem ua tiav quantum kom zoo dua tam sim no quantum thiab binary qauv.

2. Laser beams dhau los ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm daim iav

"Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem quantum tam sim no muaj kev zoo siab, nws tsis paub meej tias lawv puas tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov loj me," sau tseg Science Today. Nicolas Menicucci, tus kws tshawb fawb koom nrog ntawm Center for Quantum Computing thiab Communications Technologies (CQC2T) ntawm RMIT University hauv Melbourne, Australia. "Peb txoj hauv kev pib nrog qhov muaj peev xwm loj heev ua rau hauv lub nti txij thaum pib vim tias lub processor, hu ua pawg xeev, yog ua los ntawm lub teeb."

Tshiab hom lasers kuj xav tau rau ultrafast photonic systems (saib:). Cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) - ua ke nrog cov npoj yaig Lavxias los ntawm ITMO University, nrog rau cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm University of Texas ntawm Dallas thiab Australian National University - tshaj tawm thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2019 hauv phau ntawv xov xwm ACS Nano tias lawv tau tsim ib qho npaum, ceev thiab pheej yig txoj kev ntau lawm perovskite lasers. Lawv qhov zoo dua li lwm hom yog tias lawv ua haujlwm ruaj khov, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv kho qhov muag.

"Peb lub tshuab luam ntawv halide laser muab ib qho yooj yim, siv tau zoo thiab tswj tau ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim ntau yam perovskite lasers. Qhov tseem ceeb, geometry optimization nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv laser ua rau cov khoom ruaj khov ib hom perovskite microlasers thawj zaug (3). Cov lasers zoo li no tau cog lus rau kev txhim kho ntau yam optoelectronic thiab nanophotonic li, sensors, thiab lwm yam, "hais Alexey Zhishchenko, tus kws tshawb fawb ntawm FEFU center, hauv kev tshaj tawm.

3. Perovskite laser beams

Tau kawg, peb yuav tsis pom cov khoos phis tawj tus kheej "khiav ntawm lasers" txhua lub sijhawm sai sai. Txog tam sim no, cov kev sim piav qhia saum toj no yog cov pov thawj ntawm lub tswv yim, tsis yog cov qauv ntawm cov tshuab xam zauv.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nrawm uas muab los ntawm lub teeb thiab laser beams yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau cov kws tshawb fawb, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kws tsim khoom, kom tso tseg txoj kev no.