Carbin - ib-dimensional carbon

Raws li phau ntawv journal Nature Materials tau tshaj tawm thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2016, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Kws qhia ntawv ntawm Physics ntawm University of Vienna tau tswj xyuas txoj hauv kev los ua kom muaj carbine ruaj khov, piv txwv li. Ib-dimensional carbon, uas yog suav hais tias yuav muaj zog tshaj graphene (ob-dimensional carbon).

Tseem suav tias yog qhov kev cia siab zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv, txawm tias ua ntej nws los ua qhov tseeb hauv thev naus laus zis, graphene tuaj yeem raug rhuav tshem los ntawm nws cov kwv tij carbon-based - Carbin. Kev suav suav pom tias lub zog tensile ntawm carbyne yog ob zaug siab dua li ntawm graphene, thaum nws tensile rigidity tseem peb zaug siab dua li ntawm pob zeb diamond. Carbyne yog (theoretically) ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab thaum nws cov strands tau khaws cia ua ke, lawv sib tshuam hauv txoj kev kwv yees.

Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv allotropic ntawm carbon nrog ib tug polyalkyne (C≡C)n qauv, nyob rau hauv uas atoms tsim ntev chains nrog alternating ib leeg thiab triple bonds los yog sib sau ob daim ntawv cog lus. Xws li cov txheej txheem yog hu ua ib-dimensional (1D) qauv vim hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv yog txuas rau ib-atom-thick filament. Cov qauv ntawm graphene tseem nyob ob sab, vim nws ntev thiab dav, tab sis daim ntawv tsuas yog ib qho atom tuab. Kev tshawb fawb tau ua kom deb li deb qhia tias daim ntawv muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm carabiner yuav yog ob txoj xov sib txuas nrog ib leeg (1).

Txog rau tam sim no, me ntsis paub txog cov carbine. Astronomers hais tias nws yog thawj zaug pom nyob rau hauv meteorites thiab interstellar plua plav.

Mingji Liu thiab ib pab neeg ntawm Rice University tau suav cov theoretical zog ntawm cov carbine uas tuaj yeem pab hauv kev tshawb fawb empirical. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas coj mus rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas rau lub zog tensile, flexural zog thiab torsional deformation. Lawv suav tias lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm carbyne (piv txwv li lub zog rau qhov hnyav piv) yog nyob ntawm qhov tsis tau pom dua (6,0-7,5 × 107 N∙m / kg) piv rau graphene (4,7-5,5. 107 × 4,3 N∙m / kg), carbon nanotubes (5,0-107 × 2,5 N∙m / kg) thiab pob zeb diamond (6,5-107 × 10 N∙m / kg). Kev rhuav tshem ib daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov saw hlau ntawm atoms yuav tsum muaj zog ntawm 14 nN. Cov saw ntev ntawm chav tsev kub yog li XNUMX nm.

Los ntawm kev ntxiv ua haujlwm pab pawg CH2 qhov kawg ntawm cov saw carbine tuaj yeem sib tw zoo li DNA strand. Los ntawm "decorating" carabiner chains nrog ntau yam molecules, lwm yam khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm qee cov calcium atoms uas sib txuas nrog hydrogen atoms yuav ua rau muaj qhov ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom ntom.

Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab yog lub peev xwm los tsim cov ntawv cog lus nrog cov saw hlau sab. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab rhuav tshem cov ntawv cog lus no tuaj yeem siv los khaws thiab tso tawm lub zog. Yog li, carabiner tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev, vim tias nws cov molecules yog ib qho atom hauv txoj kab uas hla, thiab lub zog ntawm cov khoom txhais tau hais tias nws yuav muaj peev xwm rov ua dua thiab tawg cov ntawv cog lus yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg. lub molecule nws tus kheej tawg.

Txhua yam qhia tau hais tias stretching lossis twisting lub carabiner hloov nws cov khoom hluav taws xob. Cov kws tshawb fawb txawm hais tias muab qhov tshwj xeeb "kuav" rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov molecule, uas yuav tso cai rau koj hloov pauv sai thiab yooj yim cov conductivity lossis band sib txawv ntawm carbyne.

2. Ib txoj hlua ntawm carabiners hauv cov qauv graphene

Hmoov tsis zoo, tag nrho cov paub thiab tseem tsis tau pom cov khoom ntawm cov carbine yuav nyob twj ywm tsuas yog txoj kev xav zoo nkauj yog tias peb tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom pheej yig thiab ntau ntau. Qee lub chaw tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm tias npaj cov carbine, tab sis cov khoom tau ua pov thawj tsis ruaj khov. Qee cov kws kho mob kuj ntseeg tias yog tias peb txuas ob txoj hlua ntawm carabiner, yuav muaj tawg. Nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis ntawm lub xyoo no, muaj cov lus ceeb toom ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm ib tug ruaj khov carabiner nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm threads nyob rau hauv lub "phab ntsa" ntawm lub graphene qauv (2).

Tej zaum cov txheej txheem ntawm University of Vienna tau hais thaum pib yog qhov kev ua tiav. Peb yuav tsum paub sai sai.