Yuav kuaj xyuas lub tshuab hluav taws xob li cas rau kev ua haujlwm siv lub tshuab multimeter thiab lwm txoj hauv kev
Txheem
Lub tsheb nyob rau hauv lub network muaj xws li lub zog qhov chaw, cov neeg siv khoom thiab cov khoom siv cia. Lub zog yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm lub crankshaft los ntawm txoj siv sia mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Lub roj teeb cia (ACB) tswj qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub network thaum tsis muaj cov khoom tawm los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis nws tsis txaus rau lub zog rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau rov ua dua cov nqi poob, uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, tswj hwm, hloov lossis xaim.
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub roj teeb nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob
Lub kaw lus yog qhov yooj yim heev, sawv cev rau DC network nrog lub nominal voltage ntawm 12 volts, txawm hais tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa me ntsis siab dua, txog 14 volts, uas yuav tsum tau them lub roj teeb.
Cov qauv no muaj xws li:
- lub alternator, feem ntau yog peb-theem dynamo nrog ib tug built-in rectifier, relay-regulator, excitation windings nyob rau hauv lub rotor thiab lub hwj chim windings ntawm stator;
- ib tug lead-acid oob khab hom roj teeb, muaj rau lub hlwb txuas nrog rau hauv series nrog ib tug kua, gley los yog electrolyte impregnating ib tug ntxeem tau qauv;
- Lub hwj chim thiab tswj kev xaim, relay thiab fuse lub thawv, lub teeb tsav thiab lub voltmeter, qee zaum ammeter.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab roj teeb txuas nrog lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Tus nqi yog tswj hwm los ntawm kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hauv lub network ntawm qib 14-14,5 Volts, uas ua kom lub roj teeb rov qab yuav luag txog qhov siab tshaj plaws, ua raws li qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm cov nyiaj them tam sim no vim kev loj hlob ntawm EMF sab hauv. roj teeb raws li lub zog tau sau tseg.
Lub stabilizer ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob niaj hnub no yog tsim rau hauv lawv cov qauv tsim thiab feem ntau yog ua ke nrog cov txhuam txhuam. Lub built-in integrated Circuit Court tsis tu ncua ntsuas qhov voltage nyob rau hauv lub network thiab, nyob ntawm seb nws theem, nce los yog txo lub generator excitation tam sim no los ntawm lub rotor winding nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab hom.
Kev sib txuas lus nrog cov winding tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib hloov kev sib txuas hauv daim ntawv lamellar lossis lub nplhaib sau thiab cov txhuam hlau-graphite.
Lub rotating rotor tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus sib nqus uas induces tam sim no hauv stator windings. Cov no yog cov coils muaj zog, muab faib los ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib hloov ua peb theem. Txhua tus ntawm lawv ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom ntawm tus choj diode rectifier nyob rau hauv peb lub tswv yim.
Feem ntau, tus choj muaj peb khub ntawm silicon diodes ntxiv rau peb lub zog qis dua regulators rau lub hwj chim mov, lawv kuj ntsuas cov zis voltage rau on-line tswj ntawm excitation tam sim no.
Ib tug me me ripple ntawm rectified peb-theem voltage yog smoothed tawm los ntawm lub roj teeb, yog li tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub network yog yuav luag tas li thiab haum rau powering txhua tus neeg siv.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias tus nqi yog mus ntawm lub alternator mus rau lub roj teeb
Txhawm rau qhia qhov tsis muaj kev them nyiaj, lub teeb liab sib thooj ntawm lub dashboard yog npaj. Tab sis nws tsis tas yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv raws sijhawm, tej zaum yuav muaj qee qhov ua tsis tiav. Lub voltmeter yuav nthuav qhia qhov xwm txheej kom raug.
Qee lub sij hawm cov cuab yeej no muaj raws li cov khoom siv ntawm lub tsheb. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv lub multimeter. Lub voltage nyob rau hauv lub on-board network, uas yog ntshaw kom ntsuas ncaj qha ntawm lub roj teeb terminals, yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 14 volts nrog lub cav khiav.
Tej zaum nws yuav txawv me ntsis downwards yog hais tias lub roj teeb yog ib nrab tawm thiab yuav siv sij hawm rau ib tug loj them tam sim no. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob fais fab yog txwv thiab qhov voltage yuav poob.
Tam sim ntawd tom qab lub oob khab khiav, lub roj teeb EMF txo qis, ces maj mam rov qab. Kev suav nrog cov neeg siv khoom muaj zog ua rau txo qis kev rov ua dua ntawm tus nqi. Ntxiv lem nce qib hauv lub network.
Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob poob qis thiab tsis nce, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, lub roj teeb yuav maj mam tso tawm, lub cav yuav nres thiab nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem pib nrog lub oob khab.
Tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob
Nrog qee qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm nws tus kheej. Qee lub sij hawm tsis txawm tshem tawm ntawm lub tsheb, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev rhuav tshem nws thiab ib nrab disassemble nws.
Teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum unscrewing lub txiv ntoo rub. Koj yuav xav tau ib qho kev cuam tshuam los yog loj padded vise. Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug txiv ntseej, nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom nres lub rotor nkaus xwb los ntawm lub pulley, qhov seem ntawm qhov yuav deformed.
Kev soj ntsuam
Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis muaj cov cim ntawm kev kub nyhiab, deformation ntawm cov khoom yas thiab lwm yam cim ntawm kev kub ntxhov hnyav.
Qhov ntev ntawm cov txhuam hniav kom ntseeg tau tias lawv nruj kev sib cuag nrog tus neeg sau, thiab lawv yuav tsum txav mus rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub siab springs yam tsis muaj jamming thiab wedging.
Tsis muaj cov kab mob oxidation ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cov terminals, tag nrho cov fasteners yog nruj nreem kaw. Lub rotor tig tsis muaj suab nrov, backlash thiab jamming.
Bearings (zeeg)
Lub rotor bearings yog hnyav loaded los ntawm ib tug tensioned tsav siv. Qhov no yog exacerbated los ntawm kev kub ceev ntawm kev sib hloov, li ntawm ob zaug kom ceev li ntawm lub crankshaft.
Lub hnub nyoog lubrication, pob thiab tawb yog raug rau pitting - qaug zog spalling ntawm cov hlau. Cov kabmob pib ua suab nrov thiab vibrate, uas pom meej meej thaum lub rubey tig los ntawm tes. Xws li cov khoom yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd.
Txheeb xyuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub multimeter
Ntau yam tuaj yeem pom tau los ntawm kev khiav lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub voltmeter, ammeter thiab loads ntawm qhov muag, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov kev ua ub ua no tsis muaj tseeb. Feem ntau, kev ntsuas zoo li qub nrog lub ohmmeter, uas yog ib feem ntawm tus nqi pheej yig multimeter, txaus.
Diode choj (rectifier)
Choj diodes yog silicon rooj vag uas ua tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia pem hauv ntej thiab raug kaw thaum lub polarity yog thim rov qab.
Ntawd yog, ib qho ohmmeter nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia yuav qhia tus nqi ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 0,6-0,8 kOhm thiab ib tug so, uas yog, infinity, nyob rau hauv lub opposite direction. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau xyuas kom meej tias ib feem tsis raug shunted los ntawm lwm qhov nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw.
Raws li txoj cai, diodes tsis muab cais thiab tsis hloov pauv. Tag nrho cov choj sib dhos yog yuav tsum tau yuav, thiab qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog, vim tias qhov chaw overheated degrade lawv qhov tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj cua sov dissipation rau lub phaj txias. Ntawm no cov hluav taws xob tiv tauj tau tawg.
Rotor
Lub rotor raug kuaj xyuas kom tsis kam (los ntawm lub nplhaib). Lub winding muaj qhov ntsuas ntawm ob peb ohms, feem ntau 3-4. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj luv luv Circuit Court, uas yog, lub ohmmeter yuav qhia infinity.
Muaj qhov ua tau luv luv-circuited lem, tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas nrog multimeter.
Stator
Lub stator windings nplhaib nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, ntawm no cov kuj yog txawm qis dua. Yog li ntawd, koj tsuas tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias tsis muaj kev tawg thiab luv luv rau rooj plaub, feem ntau qhov no txaus, tab sis tsis tas li.
Cov teeb meem nyuaj dua yuav tsum tau sim ntawm qhov muag lossis los ntawm kev hloov nws nrog qhov paub-zoo. 
Roj teeb them voltage regulator relay
Ib qho ohmmeter yog qhov siv tsis tau ntawm no, tab sis koj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ib lub voj voog los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kho tau, multimeter voltmeter thiab lub teeb teeb.
Lub teeb txuas nrog cov txhuam hniav yuav tsum teeb thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov regulator nti poob qis dua 14 volts thiab tawm mus ntau dhau, uas yog, hloov qhov excitation winding thaum tus nqi pib hla.
Txhuam thiab npub rings
Cov txhuam hniav yog tswj los ntawm qhov seem ntawm qhov ntev thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav mus los. Nrog lub sijhawm luv luv, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, lawv yuav tsum tau hloov nrog cov tshiab nrog rau ib qho tseem ceeb relay-regulator, qhov no yog pheej yig, thiab cov khoom seem muaj.
Lub rotor manifold yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov kub hnyiab lossis qhov hnyav hnyav. Cov kab mob me me raug tshem tawm nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb, thiab nrog kev txhim kho sib sib zog nqus, tus neeg sau tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntau zaus.
Lub xub ntiag ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm lub nplhaib nrog lub winding yog kuaj los ntawm ohmmeters, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv lub rotor xeem. Yog tias cov hlua khi tsis tau muab, ces qhov sib dhos rotor hloov pauv.
