yam ntxwv, kev faib tawm, tus lej cetane, chav kawm phom sij
Ua raws li ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe, tsoomfwv Lavxias tsis ntev los no tau ua rau chav kawm 2 diesel roj tsis raug cai. Qhov no txuas nrog dab tsi thiab qhov phom sij ntawm cov roj diesel muaj, yuav tau tham hauv tsab xov xwm hnub no.
Kev faib tawm kub ntawm cov roj diesel
Vim lub fact tias cov roj diesel muaj paraffin, uas solidifies ntawm sub-zero kub, nws (roj) muab faib nyob rau hauv climatic aav. Txhua pawg hauv qab no muaj nws tus kheej filterability kub.
- Chav Kawm A + 5° C.
- Chav Kawm B 0° C.
- Chav Kawm C -5° C.
- Chav Kawm D-10° C.
- Chav Kawm B - 15° C.
- Chav Kawm B - 20° C.
Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias rau cov cheeb tsam uas lub ambient kub yuav poob rau hauv qab no parameters, lwm chav kawm yog muab - los ntawm 1 mus rau 4. Cov nram qab no yog: chav kawm ntawv, huab point thiab filterability.
- 0:-10° C, -20 ib° C;
- 1:-16° C, -26 ib° C;
- 2:-22° C, -32 ib° C;
- 3:-28° C, -38 ib° C;
- 4:-34° C, -44 ib° C.
Nws hloov tawm tias thaum siv cov roj diesel hauv thaj chaw huab cua sib txawv, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog qhov tseeb tias nws yuav khov thiab, vim li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav poob.
Hazard chav kawm
GOST tam sim no muab rau peb yam kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj phem.
Ntawm no yog:
- Kuv chav kawm - txaus ntshai heev;
- II chav kawm - txaus ntshai;
- III - tsawg-risk.
Thiab nyob rau hauv view ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias qhov kub ntawm diesel roj thaum lub sij hawm ib tug flash tshaj 61° C, nws raug cais raws li cov khoom siv phom sij tsawg (uas yog, rau chav kawm VI). Nws yog qhov xav paub heev tias cov khoom xws li roj av lossis cov roj cua sov kuj yog rau tib chav kawm. Hauv luv luv, roj diesel tsis tawg.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab kev ua haujlwm
Diesel roj tsuas tuaj yeem thauj tau ntawm lub tsheb uas muaj rau lub hom phiaj no, uas tau muab daim ntawv tso cai tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum muaj hluav taws kub, cov tshuab no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tua hluav taws tsim nyog. Thaum kawg, tag nrho cov pob yuav tsum tau sau npe kom raug - UN No. 3 lossis OOH No. 3.
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj, cov roj diesel ignites tsis zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv nrog lwm cov combustible mixtures - piv txwv li, nrog roj av. Tab sis nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, thaum qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kev txwv txhua xyoo, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov roj diesel kom zoo dua. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj txhais tau tias loj ntim roj.
tus lej cetan
Tus naj npawb no suav hais tias yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntawm cov roj thiab txiav txim siab nws lub peev xwm kub hnyiab tau, lub sijhawm ncua sij hawm (lub caij nyoog ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj thiab hluav taws xob). Tag nrho cov no cuam tshuam rau qhov ceev ntawm kev pib lub cav, nrog rau qhov ntim ntawm cov pa emissions. Tus naj npawb siab dua, qhov ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov roj diesel hlawv.
Tseem muaj ib yam li cetane index. Nws hais txog qhov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj ntxiv kom nce qib ntawm cetane. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas qhov sib txawv ntawm tus naj npawb thiab qhov Performance index yog tsawg, vim cov additives sib txawv cuam tshuam cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm diesel roj nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev.
Kev faib tawm roj
Tsis ntev tas los no, tsoomfwv Lavxias tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ntawm kev koom tes nrog European Union hauv kev cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam roj refining. Nws yog vim li no tias European kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tuaj rau Russia.
Nco ntsoov tias niaj hnub no twb muaj 2 tus qauv:
- domestic GOST;
- European lossis, raws li nws tseem hu ua, Euro.
Nws yog yam ntxwv uas feem ntau ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb roj muab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov roj diesel ib txhij nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si thawj thiab thib ob xaiv. Tab sis, kom ua ncaj ncees, ob qho tib si cov qauv sib npaug ib leeg nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam, yog li rau tus tswv tsheb paub txog GOST, nws yuav yooj yim heev rau siv rau Euro.
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