Electronic suspensions: me me "chip" kev nplij siab thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo

ESA, DSS Ducati Skyhook ncua kev kawm ntawv, hluav taws xob damping, dynamic damping ...

Qhib los ntawm BMW thiab nws cov ESA system nyob rau hauv 2004, redesigned nyob rau hauv 2009, lub hluav taws xob ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm peb maus taus tsis yog prerogative ntawm lub Bavarian chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Tseeb tiag, Ducati S Touring, KTM 1190 Taug txuj kev nyuaj, Aprilia Caponord 1200 Ncig Saib Xyuas Khoom Siv thiab ntau dua tsis ntev los no Yamaha FJR 1300 AS tam sim no suav nrog, txhawm rau txo qis rau lawv, ib qho kev qhia ntawm kev kawm chips. Tsis ntev los no tau tshaj tawm raws li qhov kawg-rau-kawg kev daws teeb meem rau kev txuas peb lub tsheb mus rau hauv av, cov tshuab computerized no tau muab, ua ntej thiab qhov tseem ceeb, qhov ua tau yooj yim ntawm kev hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau thiab kev xav tau ntawm kev tsav tsheb. Txij li xyoo 2012, lawv qhov kev hloov pauv tau dhau los ua, rau qee lub sijhawm, tsis tu ncua. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev siv sib txawv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no, nyob ntawm hom hom.

Thawj qhov ntawm cov no yog lawv qhov xwm txheej passive lossis semi-dynamic: yooj yim ua ntej tu lossis hloov pauv tas li. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee tus koom nrog lawv qhov chaw zaum nrog kev xaiv lub cav teeb tsa, thaum lwm tus mus kom deb li deb tau muab lub hom tsis siv neeg tag nrho ... nrog, tom qab tag nrho, sib txawv ntawm kev xav. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev ntsuam xyuas thawj zaug.

BMW - ESA Dynamic

Rau txhua tus tswv, txhua tus hwm. Lub npe German yog thawj zaug los qhia txog nws qhov ESA system. Thaum thawj tiam tsuas yog hloov tus neeg tsav tsheb rau kev hloov kho, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom muaj kev nplij siab thiab lub teeb, 2013-14 version yog qhov nyuaj dua. Nruam hydraulic modulation tshuab thawj zaug tshwm sim ntawm high-end 1000 RR HP4 (DDC - Dynamic Damping Control) hypersport. Tom qab ntawd, ob peb lub lis piam tom qab, ntawm no nws tseem muaj nyob rau ntawm cov kua-txias tshiab R 1200 GS.

Qhov tshiab dynamic ESA no ua ke ntau yam tsis muaj. Txawm hais tias nws tseem muaj peb hydraulic profiles (nyuaj, ib txwm thiab mos) sib tshuam nrog peb lub prestressing profiles yuav tsum tau txhais (pilot, pilots thiab suitcases, pilot thiab neeg nrog caij), lub system tam sim no kho kom tas mus li expansion thiab contraction. Rau lub hom phiaj no, pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab cov lus tsa suab sensors tas li qhia lub kaw lus ntawm txoj kev txav ntsug ntawm lub kauj tsheb kauj vab thiab lub viav caj npab. Damping yog ces hloov kho siv hluav taws xob tswj li qub, nyob ntawm tej yam xwm txheej thiab kev tsav tsheb.

Ntawm txoj kev, cov ntsiab lus no tso cai rau koj los hloov kho qhov zoo tshaj plaws damping kom sai thiab raug raws li qhov ua tau. Ntau teb nyob rau hauv nce thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv deceleration, lub tshuab tso cai rau koj mus nrhiav tau ntau tshaj rau lub xeem shares ntawm lub sij hawm.

Hloov kho rau kev tsav tsheb hauv txoj kev lossis kev tsav tsheb, nruab nrog R 1200 GS 2014, ESA Dynamic muab kev nplij siab thiab kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws. Qhov tsis xws luag me ntsis ntawm txoj kev yog lim tam sim ntawd, compression thiab expansion damping yog ua nyob rau lub sijhawm!

Ntawm BMW, kev txiav txim siab ntawm daim ntawv qhia cav muaj yeej. Cov tom kawg modulate tag nrho lwm cov tshuab enslaved los ntawm Bavarian chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Ntxiv rau lawv cov kev cuam tshuam rau kev ncua, lawv cov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm AUC (kev tswj tuav) thiab ABS tau ntxiv.

Tshwj xeeb, kev xaiv ntawm hom dynamic xav tau cov lus teb muaj zog dua rau kev nrawm dua thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo dua, tsis hais qhov profile xaiv. Tom qab ntawd ABS thiab CSA yog obsessive. Hloov pauv, hom nag yuav muab cov lus teb zoo dua lub cav thiab tom qab ntawd teem rau softer damping. ABS thiab CSA kuj dhau los ua kev cuam tshuam ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, Enduro hom tsa lub tsheb ntawm kev ncua, muab kev mus ncig ntau tshaj plaws thiab cuam tshuam ABS rear.

Ducati - Kev ncua DSS Ducati Skyhook

Bologna Italians tau muab lawv txoj kev taug qab nrog cov neeg raug ncua txij li xyoo 2010, uas tau dhau los ua ib nrab ntawm xyoo 2013. Cov txheej txheem xaiv, tsim nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog cov cuab yeej tsim khoom Sachs, kho cov compression, expansion thiab pre-tension ntawm lub rear caij nplooj ntoos hlav kom haum rau caij. Nws tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa siv lub khoos phis tawj on-board, qhia txog kev tshem tawm (solo, duet ... thiab lwm yam). Tsis tas li ntawd, DSS nta kev tswj hwm kev ncua kev ncua ib nrab.

Accelerometers txuas nrog rau sab nkhaus tee thiab rear ncej kawm cov zaus hloov mus rau 48mm diav rawg thiab viav caj npab thaum caij tsheb tavxij. Cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd txheeb xyuas thiab txiav txim siab siv lub tshuab xam zauv tshwj xeeb. Ib qho algorithm siv rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv tsheb, Skyhook, kawm kev hloov pauv thiab tom qab ntawd cuam tshuam rau cov kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev hloov kho cov hydraulics tas li.

Nyob rau hauv Ducati, lub cav, raws li nws cov profiles (Kev ua si nawv, ncig teb chaws, nroog, Enduro), dictates nws cov cai rau nws cov tub qhe ntawm lub voj voog tsis tiav thiab lwm yam kev pab: anti-slip thiab ABS. Yog li, hom kev ua si nawv muaj zog ncua kev kawm. Hauv qhov sib piv, Enduro DSS hom yuav saib xyuas kev tsim kho ntawm txoj kev nrog cov kev ncua muag. Ib yam li ntawd, ABS thiab DTC ua raws li lub suab, hloov kho lawv qhov chaw.

Hauv kev siv, Mutlistrada thiab nws DSS muab kev tuav pov hwm. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev hloov pauv loj uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv cov lus tsa suab siab yog qhov txwv tsis pub tshaj. Tib qhov kev soj ntsuam yog nyob rau hauv cov kab sib dhos, qhov twg lub tshuab tuav nruj thiab precision.

Diav rawg 48 hli

Kev ua si nawv hom: 150 hp (dawb version), DTC ntawm 4, ABS ntawm 2, sporty, muaj zog DSS suspensions.

Lub cev muaj zog: 150 hp (dawb version) softer teb, DTC tawm ntawm 5, ABS tawm ntawm 3, DSS-oriented ncig saib nrog ntau ncua kev nplij siab.

Lub nroog hom: 100bhp, DTC tawm ntawm 6, ABS tawm ntawm 3, lub nroog-oriented DSS rau kev poob siab (loj rov qab) thiab thaum muaj xwm ceev braking (tawm pem hauv ntej log).

Enduro hom: 100HP, DTC ntawm 2, ABS tawm ntawm 1 (nrog rau kev xauv lub peev xwm), off-road oriented DSS, mos ncua kev kawm ntawv.

KTM - EDS: Electronic Damping System

Raws li ib txwm muaj, cov neeg Austrian ntseeg lawv cov cuab yeej ncua kev kawm rau White Power (WP). Thiab nws yog nyob rau ntawm 1200 Taug txuj kev nyuaj txoj kev uas peb pom nws. Lub semi-adaptive EDS system muaj plaub rab diav rawg caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab poob siab configurations (solo, solo nrog lub nra, duo, duet nrog lub nra) ntawm qhov kov ntawm lub pob khawm steering log. Plaub stepper motors, tswj los ntawm lawv tus kheej tswj chav tsev, yog adjustable: rebound damping ntawm sab xis nkhaus caj npab, compression damping ntawm sab laug diav rawg caj npab, damping rau rear shock absorber thiab preloading lub rear shock springs.

Peb damping configurations, Comfort, Road thiab Sport, kuj presets. Thiab, zoo li nrog ob lub tshuab dhau los, lub cav hom sib koom ua haujlwm damping. Lub Austrian system tom qab ntawd coj lub ntiaj teb zoo li BMW ESA ua ntej "dynamic" evolution.

Ib zaug ntawm txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem hloov tau yooj yim ntawm ib qho kev ncua kev ncua mus rau lwm qhov. Txoj kev taug txuj kev nyuaj qhia txog nws qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev muaj zog thiab muaj zog. Thaum lub pob zeb txav thaum lub sijhawm braking tseem pom tau raws li tus qauv, lawv tau txo qis los ntawm kev xaiv rau Sport-pilot nra suit. Ib zaug ntxiv, peb pom qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej no ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev hloov kho thiab kev ua haujlwm tag nrho.

Aprilia ADD damping (Aprilia dynamic damping)

Cov kev tshawb fawb menagerie nrog chips kuj squats Sachs version ntawm Caponord 1200 rau Kev Mus Los, ob qho tib si rau kev poob siab nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm sab xis thiab rau inverted 43mm diav rawg. Semi-active suspensions yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws qhia ntawm nws onboard electronics, uas yog them los ntawm plaub patents. Ntawm lwm hom kev ua haujlwm, lub tswv yim Aprilia yog qhov txawv, tshwj xeeb, los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov txheej txheem ua ntej (kev nplij siab, kev ua si, thiab lwm yam). Ntawm cov ntaub ntawv vaj huam sib luag, koj tuaj yeem xaiv hom tsis siv neeg tshiab. Txwv tsis pub, lub tsheb maus taus yuav raug teev tseg: Solo, Solo suitcase, Duo, Duo suitcase. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xaiv ua ntej yog tom qab ntawd siv rau qhov poob siab absorber los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nro nrog lub piston squeezing cov roj tank nyob hauv qab pob khawm. Txawm li cas los xij, rab rawg yuav tsum manually kho tus nqi no siv cov tsoos ntsia hlau ntawm lub raj ncaj. Lwm qhov tsis zoo: ABS thiab traction tswj

Nws tom qab ntawd kho cov hydraulics tau txais thaum tsav tsheb, muab los ntawm kev siv tshuab tsheb sib txuas nrog Sky-Hook thiab Acceleration Driven algorithms. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj los tswj ntau yam kev hloov pauv uas ntsuas ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus. Tau kawg, kev txav ntawm cov kev ncua ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cov theem dynamic ntawm kev siv (kev nrawm, braking, lub kaum sab xis hloov) thiab qhov zoo ntawm txoj kev taug kev yog qhov kev ntsuas pom tseeb. Sab laug diav rawg raj muaj lub siab sensor ua rau ntawm ib lub valve thaum lwm qhov txuas rau lub nraub qaum thiab kuaj pom kev mus los ntawm lub viav caj npab. Tab sis lub cav ceev kuj raug coj mus rau hauv tus account vim nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev co. Yog li, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav tso cai rau koj tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob qeeb thiab nrawm nrawm nrawm (siab thiab qis zaus) ntawm kev ncua txhua lub sijhawm, hloov pauv ntau dua li cov tshuab tshuab. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov pib yog ncua, tso cai rau cov hloov pauv tseem ceeb dua thiab yog li kev nplij siab thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.

Yog tias tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm sib haum xeeb, qee zaum lub kaw lus zoo li tsis kam lees hauv nws txoj kev xaiv. Nws muaj peev xwm hais tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qee zaum ua rau muaj micro-lag hauv kev cuam tshuam kev ncua. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tsis tu ncua kev ua si nawv tsav tsheb, lub diav rawg raug ntes kom mos heev thaum cornering sai. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lub tsheb tuaj yeem qee zaum zoo li nruj heev hauv kev sib tsoo. Kho tam sim ntawd, tus cwj pwm no tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam txog kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tshuab mus tas li rau qhov kev sim ua haujlwm. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kev xav ntawm qhov muag plooj me ntsis thaum lub sij hawm "hnyav" tsav, thaum kawg, feem ntau rau lwm hom. Tshaj li ntawm mais, qhov kev xav no ploj mus rau txhua tus. A

Yamaha

Thawj tus neeg tsim khoom Nyij Pooj thaum kawg muab cov thev naus laus zis no, Yamaha muab nws lub cim FJR 1300 AS nrog kev poob siab. Yog li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kov yeej 48mm Kayaba shock thiab inverted diav rawg. Txawm li cas los xij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nruab nrog cov qauv no, nws yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm ib nrab uas tam sim no classic heev ntawm high-end tsheb. Peb hom, Standard, Kev Ua Si thiab Kev nplij siab, yog hydraulically tswj los ntawm 6 qhov sib txawv (-3, +3) thiab plaub lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav preloads los ntawm lub rear tube (solo, duo, ib lub thawv rau khaub ncaws, suitcases duet). Stepper motors tswj ob qho tib si compression damping ntawm sab laug raj thiab damping ntawm txoj cai raj.

Yog li rau Yam, nws yog feem ntau qhov kev nplij siab uas qhov kev siv thev naus laus zis no coj los, nrog rau kev txhim kho kev tuav tau muab tus kws tsav dav hlau nws lub tsheb mus rau qhov kev thov tsis tau. Nrog tus tshiab 2013 FJR AS diav rawg, nws yog qhov tseeb dua thiab zoo dua ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev txhawb nqa braking load.

Wilbers Weights

Me ntsis paub rau cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab, German tus kws tshaj lij kev poob siab rau 28 xyoo tau tsim ntau yam kev ncua. Yog li, lawv cov khoom tsim tau tuaj yeem muab ob qho tib si nkag-theem thiab qhov tseeb hypersport ntawm ntau hom. Lawv qhov kev paub dhau los ntawm German National Speed ​​​​Championships (Superbike IDM).

Lub tuam txhab sai sai muab cov khoom pheej yig dua rau kev hloov pauv, cov laus BMW ESA systems, uas ua tsis tau tej yam qauv. Yog li, lub tsheb maus taus tawm ntawm kev lav phib xaub thiab muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo vim qhov system corrosion lossis lwm yam xwm txheej tsis tau pom dua tuaj yeem nruab nrog Wilbers-ESA lossis WESA nrog tib lub peev xwm thiab kev teeb tsa raws li qhov qub.

xaus

Lub advent ntawm electronically tuned suspensions zoo li ntau thiab ntau pom tseeb. Cov tshuab nruab rau hauv txoj kev no yog txhua yam zoo nkauj siv. Lub xibtes ntawm practicality rov qab mus rau qhov tsis siv neeg hom ntawm Aprilia / Sachs tandem.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv tsis hloov kho manually, cov tshuab no yeej tsis ua cov khoom siv high-end ib txwm siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tso cai rau kev kho kom zoo dua qub raws li qhov tseeb nyiam ntawm txhua tus. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua (BMW Dynamic, Ducati DSS thiab Aprilia ADD) ncaj qha tawm tsam cov peev txheej ntawm cov khoom siv dav dav dav. Los ntawm kev nyeem cov kev pab them nqi thiab kev tsav tsheb sib txawv raws li qhov ua tau, lawv muab cov lus teb zoo rau txhua lub sijhawm. Nws kuj tseem lees paub tias cov thev naus laus zis no tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau daim duab qhia ntawm lub cav rau damping (BMW - Ducati). Qhov no cuam tshuam rau subtleties ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Rau feem ntau cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab, qhov kev hloov pauv no sawv cev rau cov cuab yeej muaj kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb ntawm txhua hnub. Nws tseem yuav ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab kev sim nruj heev.

Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias koj hloov lub thauj khoom ntawm tus ncej me ntsis, koj tuaj yeem sib piv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab mus rau cov khoom siv kho vajtse zoo rau tam sim no. Txwv tsis pub, kev pabcuam hluav taws xob yuav zoo li ntxim nyiam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov uas nyuaj tshaj plaws.

Ib txwm siv thev naus laus zis ntau dua, peb cov thav duab tam sim no yooj yim rau kev kho rau cov neeg caij tsheb kauj vab uas tsis paub txog hydraulic alchemy. Tsis txhob hais txog kev txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo. Yuav kom tau txais lub tswv yim kawg, qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog sim cov tsheb uas suav nrog cov tshuab no, ntsuas qhov kev txaus siab ntawm cov kev ncua niaj hnub no ... thiab saib seb leej twg tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov nti.