Toyota Yaris Cav
Txheem
Lub Frankfurt Motor Show hauv 1998 yog qhov premiere rau lub tswv yim tshiab tsheb ntawm Japanese tsheb loj Toyota - FanTime. Nws siv cov neeg tsim qauv tsuas yog rau lub hlis los kho lub tsheb zoo thiab nthuav tawm hauv Geneva raws li Yaris hom. Lub serial version txawv ntawm "progenitor" los ntawm cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo hauv sab hauv. Tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug ntshiab Japanese minimalist style, me me pem hauv ntej-log tsav hatchback hloov lub outdated Toyota Starlet. Lub tsheb tam sim ntawd yeej nws cov neeg yuav khoom hauv chav ua yeeb yam ntawm Tebchaws Europe (Vitz) thiab Asmeskas (Belta).
Keeb kwm ntawm creation thiab ntau lawm
Tsuas yog ob xyoos tom qab lub premiere official, lub tsheb tshiab yeej lub European Tsheb ntawm lub xyoo 2000 nomination. Rau kev ua lag luam ntawm lub ntiaj teb qub, kev tso tawm ntawm Yaris tau tsim tawm ntawm ib qho ntawm Fabkis txoj kev lag luam tsheb. Nrog nws tsim, lub compact lub cev ntawm lub hatchback yog feem ntau zoo li Peugeot 3 Series qauv. Lub tswv yim tsheb yog peb- lossis tsib-qhov rooj tsav tsheb hatchback. Qhov kev vam meej ntawm tus qauv tso cai rau Toyota cov thawj coj sim nrog lub cev zoo: minivans dov tawm ntawm cov kab sib dhos hauv Asmeskas raws li Toyota Verso hom, thiab sedans tau raug ntaus rau cov neeg yuav khoom nyob sab Europe.
Sib npaug sib txawv yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev sib kis. Ib tug "neeg hlau" tau ntsia rau ntawm lub feem ntau-tsawg zog 1-liter cav, thiab ib tug tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob yog ntsia rau 1,3-liter cav. Nyob rau hauv 2003, Toyotz tso tawm me ntsis ntxiv haib 1,5-liter tsheb raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug restyling. Cov neeg yuav khoom Asmeskas tuaj yeem yuav Echo sedan thiab hatchback. Yaris tau tsim txawm nyob hauv Suav teb raws li FAW Vizi hom.
Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, Yaris yog qhov tseeb tias qhov no yog lub tsheb zoo meej rau cov poj niam. Yooj yim ntawm kev tsav tsheb - 5 ntsiab lus. Tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob "lub hlwb" yog duplicated los ntawm "tus kheej" LED ntawm lub dashboard. Ntawm no, cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov kws tsim qauv ntawm chav tsev hluav taws xob tau coj qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm Renault Twingo.
Cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm ntawm lub tsheb no tau sau tseg los ntawm ntau tus neeg siv raws li qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua hom tsheb nrov. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm transformational peev xwm ntawm lub cabin thiab kev nyab xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm, txhua yam kuj yog nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws theem: 5 hnub qub raws li tus qauv EuroNCAP.
Tab sis kev txuag ntawm cov khoom kim heev rau kev ua tiav qhov sib txawv ntawm lub alarm tseem ua rau nws tus kheej xav - qhov kev xav tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, Yaris tsis yog txhua lub tsheb zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm soundproofing. Thaum kev kub ceev, tag nrho "suab pob paj" yog npaj rau cov neeg caij tsheb:
- lub suab nrov;
- cua ntsawj;
- lub suab ntawm lub cav khiav.
Tag nrho cov no tsis ua rau kev mus ncig ntev hauv tsev neeg hauv alarm ntawm qhov no, feem ntau, lub tsheb zoo dua.
Cov txiv neej ib feem ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv pem hauv ntej lub rooj sab laug ntawm Toyota Yaris nyiam sim ntau qhov "mundane" zoo ntawm lub tsheb. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kev tswj hwm. Lub cav tsis muaj zog heev ua ke nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis siv neeg lossis cov neeg hlau tsis siv neeg tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus ntev, maj mam nce mus ncaj nraim ntawm autobahns.
Lub cav tsuas yog pib "sneeze". Hom kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib kis tsis siv neeg yog "pedal rau hauv pem teb" hauv ob lossis thib peb iav. Tsuas yog qhov zoo dua rau cov poj niam ib nrab ntawm tsev neeg yog lub nroog taug kev ntawm cafes thiab khw.
Cav rau Toyota Yaris
Rau Yaris hatchbacks ntawm 2-4 tiam (XP90-XP130) nyob rau hauv 1998-2006, Japanese cav builders tsim 4 hom fais fab nroj tsuag nrog ib tug ua hauj lwm ntim ntawm 1,0, 1,3 thiab 1,5 litres, muaj peev xwm ntawm 69-108 hp:
| Kos npe | Hom | Loj, cm 3 | Lub zog siab tshaj plaws, kW / hp | Lub kaw lus muaj zog |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 TSI-FE | roj av | 1296 | 64/87 | DOHC |
| 1 KR-FE | roj av | 996 | 51/70 | DOHC, Dual VVT-i |
| 1 NR-FE | roj av atmospheric, nrog compressor | 1329 | 72/98 | DOHC, Dual VVT-i |
| 1 NZ-FE | roj av atmospheric | 1496 | 79/108 | DOHC |
Lub cav 2SZ-FE, tsim los ntawm Daihatsu, muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj faib tshuab. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev tsim tsis tiav ntawm Morse saw. Nws me ntsis qaug zog thaum lub zog ua rau dhia tawm ntawm lub pulley. Yog li ntawd - ib tug rhiab tshuab ntawm lub valve daim hlau ntawm lub pistons.
Xws li ib qho kev daws teeb meem tsis ua tiav tau txwv cov qauv ntau yam uas lub cav no tau siv rau plaub yam khoom.
Lub cav me tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ntau yam siv rau ntawm Yaris, 1KR-FE yog lwm yam khoom los ntawm Toyota lub tuam txhab Daihatsu lub cav faib. Peb lub tog raj kheej 70-horsepower unit nrog compression piv ntawm 10,5: 1 hnyav xwb 68 kg. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Japanese engineers tau txais thawj qhov khoom plig ntawm "Engine of the Year" kev sib tw plaub zaug ua ke - los ntawm 2007 txog 2010.
Qhov no tau yooj yim los ntawm tag nrho "bouquet" ntawm kev paub:
- gas faib system VVTi;
- MPFI hluav taws xob txhaj tshuaj;
- yas intake manifold los txhim kho lub filling ntawm lub tog raj kheej nrog ib tug combustible sib tov.
Lub cev muaj zog tau pom ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig - tsuas yog 109 g / km.
Lub NZ series cav yog lub zog tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub cav rau Yaris. Lub tshuab plaub-lub tog raj kheej muaj cov xov hlau sib cais rau kev taw qhia cov injectors. Zoo li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "junior series", 1NZ-FE yog nruab nrog VVTi roj faib system. Roj txhaj tshuaj - sequential, SFI. Ignition system - DIS-4.
Lub cav 1NR-FE pib muab ntsia rau ntawm European Yaris series, tso tseg 4ZZ-FE tsis siv. Nyob rau hauv lub domestic Japanese lag luam, tshiab series thiab restylings ntawm lwm yam kev hloov kho tau txais ib tug tshiab cav es tsis txhob ntawm 2NZ-FE thiab 2SZ-FE. Ob tug tseem ceeb engine mechanisms tau txhim kho:
- rab ntsuas phom;
- noj manifold.
Cov tsheb npaj rau kev ua haujlwm hauv cov tebchaws uas muaj huab cua hnyav qis tau txais lub tshuab cua txias cua sov hauv hom "txias pib".
Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cav, lawv "tshem" 14 qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm Toyota tsheb:
| Tus qauv | 2 TSI-FE | 1 KR-FE | 1 NR-FE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tsheb | ||||
| Toyota | ||||
| Auris | * | |||
| Belta | * | * | ||
| Corolla | * | |||
| Corolla Axio | * | |||
| iQ | * | * | ||
| Kauj ruam | * | * | ||
| Porte | * | |||
| Probox | * | |||
| Tom qab kev sib tw | * | * | ||
| Chav | * | |||
| hlau | * | |||
| tank | * | |||
| Vitz | * | * | * | |
| Yis | * | * | * | |
| Tag nrho: | 4 | 7 | 11 | 22 |
Official Yaris nrog 1496cc turbocharged cav3 Toyota tsis tau nthuav tawm, tab sis txij li xyoo 2010 nws tsis tau nyuaj rau kev yuav tsheb nrog lub supercharger. Lwm lub cav uas sai sai "los" rau hauv cov koob no yog ib qho kev tsheb ciav hlau turbocharged diesel cav nrog lub zog ntawm 75 hp. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau hom fais fab nroj tsuag no yog kev sib kis ntawm phau ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis siv neeg clutch ntsia nrog nws, kev tsav tsheb hloov mus rau kev tsim txom.
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum pib lub cav ntawm nruab nrab ceev. Lub oob khab nyob rau hauv lwm yam iav tam sim no tseem thaiv. Tom ntej no yog qhov hloov ntawm lub zog, tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv hluav taws xob raug coj mus ua haujlwm. Lub clutch ua haujlwm raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm lub zog thiab lub pedals. Thaum qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom nrawm, lub teeb tswj tau flashes ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag tswj, uas qhia txog qhov yuam kev.
Lub cav nrov tshaj plaws rau Yaris tsheb
1NR-FE lub cev muaj zog feem ntau yog siv los ntawm Yaris kev hloov kho. Nws cov khoom tsim tau tsim los ntawm European thiab Japanese cav-tsim tuam txhab. Thawj lub cev hloov kho uas nws tau nruab yog XP99F (2008). Pab neeg tsim qauv qhia ntau yam khoom tshiab, uas tom qab ntawd tau nthuav dav.
- Txhim kho qhov tsim ntawm cov khoom siv manifold los ntawm lub computer simulation.
- Cov khoom siv tshiab (carbon ceramide) tsim, txo qhov hnyav piston.
Lub cav 98-horsepower nrog qhib-hom cua txias system yog tsim los ua raws li Euro 5 ib puag ncig cov qauv, qhov siab tshaj plaws emission theem yog 128 g / km., Ua tsaug rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm EGR valve tswj los ntawm stepper lub cev muaj zog. Qib "liab kab", qhov kev txiav tawm yog nyob ntawm 6000 rpm.
Vim yog qhov tsis du ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner, adhesion thiab qib ntawm cov cua sov hloov mus rau lub coolant tau zoo tuaj. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau bore lub tog raj kheej thaiv rau tuning lub cav nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub hwj chim. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov blocks yog tsawg heev - tsuas yog 7 hli.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov manifolds: noj (yas) - tom qab, tso (steel) - nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej.
1NR-FE lub cev muaj zog yog qhov kev ntseeg tau zoo heev.
Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, tsuas yog ob qho tuaj yeem sau tseg:
- nce roj noj;
- teeb meem nrog lub txias pib hom.
Tom qab ncav cuag 200 txhiab km. khiav, lub khob ntawm lub drives ntawm VVTi mechanism thiab soot nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub intake manifold yuav tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub twj tso kua dej tuaj yeem xau.
Kev xaiv lub cev muaj zog zoo meej rau Yaris
Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no yog pom tseeb. Ntawm cov cav uas tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob ntawm Yaris tsheb, 1KR-FE tau dhau los ua qhov siab tshaj plaws. Plaub lub tsheb ntawm lub xyoo khoom plig nyob rau hauv ib kab yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Daihatsu engineering team.
Ua ntej, qhov hnyav ntawm lub cav raug txo kom ntau li ntau tau. Ua li no, qhov loj-qhov loj ntawm lub cav yog nrum los ntawm aluminium alloys es tsis txhob hlau. Cov npe no suav nrog:
- lub tog raj kheej thaiv;
- roj lauj kaub;
- lub tog raj kheej taub hau.
VVTi, ntev-stroke txuas rods thiab ib qho kev ua kom zoo dua qhov system tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav qib siab ntawm torque ob qho tib si ntawm siab thiab qis revs. Txhawm rau txo lub zog poob thaum muaj kev sib txhuam, pawg piston raug kho nrog cov khoom sib xyaw uas ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kev hnav. Cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov combustion chambers tso cai rau ua kom tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob rau lub caij ntawm ignition ntawm cov roj sib tov. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov teeb meem emissions nyob rau hauv lub tso pa ntawm 1KR-FE cav.
