Toyota Land Cruiser Prado Cav
Txheem
Nyob rau hauv 1987, Toyota tsim pab neeg pib tsim ib tug sib zog version ntawm lub Land Cruiser hnyav SUV - lub 70 qauv. Lub peb-qhov rooj version ntawm lub tsheb yog ib tug loj kev vam meej nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nws txoj kev vam meej txuas ntxiv yog lub teeb yuag, xis lub tsheb nrog tsib lub qhov rooj, uas tau pib tsim tawm hauv xyoo 1990. Tus tshiab tag nrho-log tsav off-txoj kev tsheb ntawm ib tug ncej tsim, nrog ib tug txo iav, rear thiab pem hauv ntej axles, tau txais lub serial designation Prado.
Keeb kwm ntawm creation thiab ntau lawm
Thawj, me ntsis angular nyob rau hauv tsos, nrog lub siab lub qhov rais, thiab ib tug qis, squat engine compartment, lub tsheb zoo li txawv txawv los ntawm qhov siab ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Qhov zais cia yog qhov yooj yim: cov neeg tsim qauv tsim nws tsis zoo li SUV. Nws nkag mus hauv lub ntiaj teb ua lag luam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tag nrho cov huab cua tsev neeg lub tsheb - ib tug tag nrho-seater tsheb ntawm lub log. Lub chaw sib dhos rau Prado SUVs yog Toyota engineering mecca, cov kab sib dhos ntawm Tahara Plant hauv Aichi Prefecture.
- Thawj tiam (1990-1996).
Hauv lub tsheb, ntawm peb kab ntawm lub rooj zaum, ntxiv rau tus neeg tsav tsheb, xya tus neeg caij tsheb ntxiv tuaj yeem yooj yim haum. Cov theem ntawm kev nplij siab yog unprecedented rau cov tsheb ntawm cov xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov engineers muab lub Prado nrog kev muaj peev xwm hla teb chaws zoo heev. Nws yog ib qho laj thawj heev uas cov roj av thiab diesel xyaw yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm lub tsheb loj. Tus qauv tsim tau zoo heev uas tau tsib xyoos lub SUV tau muag nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yam tsis muaj ib qho kev hloov pauv.
- Tiam ob (1996-2002).
Raws li nyob rau hauv thawj series, peb- thiab tsib-qhov rooj tsheb dov tawm ntawm lub rooj sib txoos kab. Tab sis lawv tus qauv Prado 90 tsis txawm nyob deb li deb li qhov contours ntawm tus tsim ntawm tus qauv. Kev lag luam nruj heev ntawm Mitsubishi Pajero yuam Toyota cov neeg tsim khoom ua haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo. Tus ncej puab raws li 4Runner platform tau dhau los hloov pauv loj. Hloov chaw txuas ntxiv, ib qho kev ncua kev ywj pheej tau nruab rau pem hauv ntej. Thaiv chav nyob rau ob qhov sib txawv tau ntxiv rau txhua lub log tsav nrog lub iav txo qis - nruab nrab thiab qag nram qab. Qhov ntau ntawm cov cav tau ntxiv nrog 140 hp turbocharged diesel unit.
- Peb tiam (2002-2009).
Lub cev tsim ntawm peb tiam Prado 120 tau ua los ntawm Fabkis cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm ED2 studio. Tsib-qhov kev hloov kho tau mus txog lub khw Lavxias teb sab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab. Tab sis cov neeg yuav khoom hauv lwm lub tebchaws, zoo li ua ntej, kuj tau muab peb lub qhov rooj. Lub ntsiab Cheebtsam ntawm lub tsheb underwent structural modernization:
- ncej;
- pem hauv ntej ncua;
- lub cev.
Ntawm cov khoom tshiab, ib tus tuaj yeem nco txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm pneumatic rear ncua kev kawm ntawv, adaptive shock absorbers, ib tug nce thiab nqis pab system, lub hwj chim kauj, ABS, thiab ib tug hluav taws xob rear-saib daim iav. Lub tswv yim tsav tsheb thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub tsheb tsis tau hloov. Cov neeg siv tau muaj kev xaiv tsis siv neeg (4x) thiab mechanical (5x) kis.
- 2009 tiam (2018 - XNUMX).
Lub platform tshiab tau dov tawm ntawm Tahara Plant kab rau kaum xyoo. Thiab nws tseem ntxov dhau los tham txog kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tsim cov SUV, uas txhua xyoo tau dhau los ua niaj hnub. Lub tsheb tshiab tau tsim ntau dua li kev tsim kho engineering. Yog hais tias qhov tsos yog maj mam tshem tawm ntawm cov ntse angular hloov nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo ntawm cov duab sib npaug, ces lub sab hauv tsim, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, tau ua qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseeb geometry.
Restyling nyob rau hauv 2013 ntxiv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev txawj ntse innovation rau lub tsheb pob:
- 4,2-nti LCD saib ntawm lub dashboard;
- cais lub taub hau tswj;
- adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv (rau sab saum toj versions);
- rear saib lub koob yees duab;
- engine pib system yam tsis muaj ignition key;
- suspension kinetic stabilization system;
- trailer sway tswj program.
Cov npe no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus tsis kawg. Rau ntau pawg ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, tus tsim ntawm Prado tau npaj plaub qhov kev hloov pauv yooj yim ntawm qib trim - Nkag, Lus dab neeg, Prestige thiab Executive.
Nyob ntawm seb hom kev ncua ntawm lub tsheb, tus neeg tsav tsheb ntawm Prado SUV niaj hnub muaj kev xaiv loj ntawm kev tsav tsheb hauv arsenal:
- peb tus qauv - ECO, NORMAL, SPORT;
- ob qhov kev hloov pauv - SPORT S thiab SPORT S +.
Txhua hom muaj ib tus neeg teeb tsa rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub kauj, gearbox thiab shock absorbers. Cov neeg tsim ntawm lub tsheb yuav luag txog lawv lub hom phiaj.
Cov neeg tsim ntawm Prado tau ua tiav lawv lub hom phiaj: SUV tshiab yog ze li sai tau raws li qhov ua tau raws li nws cov yam ntxwv rau lub flagship Land Cruiser 200.
Cav rau Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
Tag nrho cov log loj loj tuaj yeem sib tw ntawm lub sijhawm tsim khoom nrog lub siab ntev ntawm lub tsheb lag luam, tsim los ntawm pab pawg ntawm Toyota kev txhawj xeeb - Corolla, Chaser, Celica, Camry, RAV4. Ntxiv mus, tsuas yog ob chav nyob tau nruab rau thawj ob tiam ntawm Prado - 1KZ-TE thiab 5VZ-FE. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua tshiab kab ntawm motors tau hloov kho me ntsis. Xws li cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab hnyav xav tau kev tsim qauv loj, thiab tsim tau ntev. Rau 28 xyoo, tsuas yog rau Toyota branded loj-muaj peev xwm cav tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Prado fais fab nroj tsuag.
| Kos npe | Hom | Loj, cm 3 | Lub zog siab tshaj plaws, kW / hp | Lub kaw lus muaj zog |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 KZ-TE | diesel roj turbocharged | 2982 | 92/125 | Multipoint txhaj tshuaj, OHC |
| 5 VZ-FE | roj av | 3378 | 129/175 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| 1 GR-FE | -: - | 3956 | 183/249 | -: - |
| 2 TR-FE | -: - | 2693 | 120/163 | -: - |
| 1 KD-FTV | diesel roj turbocharged | 2982 | 127/173 | DOHC, Common Rail + intercooler |
| 1 GD-FTV | -: - | 2754 | 130/177 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
Txawm hais tias muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, Prado motors zoo meej rau kev teeb tsa ntawm lwm cov qauv loj ntawm Toyota tsheb (16 hauv tag nrho):
| Tus qauv | 1 KZ-TE | 5 VZ-FE | 1 GR-FE | 2 TR-FE | 1 KD-FTV | 1 GD-FTV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tsheb | ||||||
| Toyota | ||||||
| 4Txhob Khib | * | * | ||||
| Grand Hiace | * | * | ||||
| Granviva | * | * | ||||
| FJ Cruiser: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim? | * | |||||
| Fortuner | * | * | * | |||
| Hiace | * | * | * | * | ||
| Hilux PickUp Cov | * | * | * | |||
| Vajntxwv tuaj ntawm no | * | |||||
| Hilux Surf | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Av lub nkoj | * | |||||
| Thaj Av Chaw Cog Lus Prado | * | * | * | * | * | * |
| Khaum | * | |||||
| Royal Ace | * | * | * | |||
| Tacoma | * | * | ||||
| Ncig teb chaws Hiace | * | |||||
| Tundra | * | * | ||||
| Tag nrho: | 8 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 5 |
Raws li ib txwm muaj, Japanese qhov tseeb thiab lub siab nyiam rau kev suav nyiaj mus sij hawm ntev tau ua lub luag haujlwm. Thaum siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib koom ua ke nodal, cov thawj coj thiab cov neeg tsim qauv tsuas yog tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag los tsim cov chav tshiab yog tias lawv tau npaj cov ntawv luam ntawm qhov zoo heev.
Lub cav nrov tshaj plaws rau Land Cruiser Prado tsheb
Txij li thaum tsis muaj ntau cov qauv uas tib lub cav tau nruab ib yam li ntawm Prado SUV, nws yog qhov xav tau los xav txog cov chav nrov tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus qauv. Tsis muaj ib qho tsis ntseeg, chav tsev muaj zog tshaj plaws, plaub-liter roj av 1GR-FE, tau los ua tus yeej ntawm thawj kaum xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua 5st nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev siv ntau zaus. Nws premiere nyob rau hauv lub hood ntawm Prado es tsis txhob ntawm lub 2002VZ-FE tsis siv sij hawm ntawd yog hnub tim XNUMX.
Vim qhov muaj koob meej zoo heev ntawm SUVs thiab rear-log tsav pickups ntawm ob sab ntawm lub Pacific, tshwj tsis yog rau Nyiv, nws tsim tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States of America.
Lub cev muaj zog yog tsim nyob rau hauv ob versions:
- nrog VVTi theem regulator;
- Dual-VVTi.
Qhov siab - 3956 cm³. Nws sib txawv ntawm lwm cov chav nyob siv hauv Prado los ntawm kev xaiv V-puab ntawm cov thooj voos kheej kheej (camber sab nrauv Peak engine torque ntawm 60 rpm - 3200 N * m. Cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm cov yam ntxwv muaj xws li cov pa phem ntau (txog 377 g / km) thiab lub suab nrov. Kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub nozzles yog hnov zoo li lub mos clatter ntawm nees hooves.
Aluminium lub tog raj kheej thaiv, tus yam ntxwv ntawm Toyota cav kab ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab, yog ua tiav los ntawm cam khwb cia hlau liners. Tom qab hloov nyob rau hauv 2009 ib yam nkaus thiab hnyav ntawm piston pab pawg neeg thiab crankshaft nrog cov qauv sib dua, nrog rau lub Dual-VVTi theem regulator, lub cev muaj peev xwm tsim 285 hp.
Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm restyling, qhov kev noj haus tau hloov pauv, vim tias qhov sib piv compression tau nce mus rau 10,4: 1.
Hauv 1GR-FE constructors, tshwj tsis yog rau lub teeb piston. Ib tug tshiab squish combustion chamber raug ntsia. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov kev paub no yog pom tseeb. Ntxiv rau qhov uas twb tau sau tseg tseem ceeb hauv lub zog, kev siv roj av tau nce ntxiv (passport version - AI-92). Gasoline condensation tau tiv thaiv ua tsaug rau kev siv daim ntawv tshiab ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj kom tsawg me ntsis hauv kev sib piv nrog 5VZ-FE.
Cov ntawv luam ua ntej ntawm lub cev muaj zog zam qhov teeb meem loj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov roj to. Tab sis lwm qhov xav tau tos cov neeg tsav tsheb: qhov cua sov me ntsis tuaj yeem ua rau tawg ntawm lub tog raj kheej taub hau gasket. Qhov no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntxiv rau hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Vim tsis muaj hydraulic lifters. Txhua puas txhiab mais. Mileage xav tau valve tshem tawm kev hloov kho siv cov ntxhua khaub ncaws tshwj xeeb. Nrog kev saib xyuas kom zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm me me (triple, cracking couplings, "ua luam dej" ntawm qhov tsis ua haujlwm, thiab lwm yam), cov txheej txheem cav yog 300 txhiab km.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cav xaiv rau Prado
Cav rau Toyota Land Cruiser Prado SUVs yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev. Rau feem ntau, cov no yog cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tshaj plaws uas cov neeg tsim qauv tau tswj hwm los ua ke ntau ntau cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub hauv thaj chaw ntawm chemistry, mechanics, kinematics, optics, electronics thiab artificial txawj ntse. Ib qho piv txwv yog 1KD-FTV turbocharged diesel cav. Qhov no yog thawj tus yug ntawm KD lub cev muaj zog tshiab, uas tau dov tawm ntawm cov kab sib dhos hauv xyoo 2000. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau rov kho dua tshiab kom txo tau lub zog poob thiab nce kev ua haujlwm.
Kev sib piv kev sim ua los ntawm lub cav no thiab nws cov thawj coj, 1KZ-TE, qhia tias tus qauv tshiab yog 17% muaj zog dua. Qhov kev tshwm sim no tau ua tiav vim yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm cov roj sib tov. Lub cev muaj zog tuaj ze ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog rau cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov roj av cav. Thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm torque, nws tag nrho rub ua ntej.
Cov kws tshaj lij tau tswj kom ua tiav qhov sib piv tshwj xeeb ntawm 17,9: 1. Lub cav yog heev capricious, raws li nws ua heev xav tau ntawm qhov zoo ntawm diesel roj poured rau hauv lub tso tsheb hlau luam. Yog hais tias muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm leej faj nyob rau hauv nws, intensive kev ua hauj lwm puas lub nozzles nyob rau hauv 5-7 xyoo. Peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev nrog cov roj tshiab. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thiab EGR valve yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Yog tias cov roj tsis zoo tau nchuav rau hauv lub tank, cov khoom seem uas tsis tau hlawv tau muab tso rau hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv qhov system:
- nyob rau hauv lub intake manifold thiab dampers ntawm lub system hloov nws geometry;
- ntawm EGR valve.
Cov xim ntawm cov pa tawm tam sim ntawd hloov thiab qib ntawm traction txo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm "kev kho mob" ntawm qhov teeb meem yog kev tiv thaiv kev ntxuav ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm cov roj system thiab turbocharging txhua txhua 50-70 txhiab km. khiav.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsav tsheb ntawm txoj kev tsis zoo ua rau muaj kev vibration. Tag nrho cov lus tseeb no txo lub neej ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntawm txoj kev Lavxias mus rau 100 txhiab km. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem zam tau nrog kev pab ntawm kev tiv thaiv kom zoo. Piv txwv li, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov li qub thiab kev hloov kho ntawm qhov sib txawv thermal ua rau muaj kev nce qib ua ntej kev kho dua tshiab.
Ntawm lwm qhov tsis zoo, ib qho tuaj yeem nco txog qhov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm tag nrho Toyota units - ntau roj noj thiab coking.
Txawm hais tias lub capriciousness thiab subtleties ntawm kev tu thiab tu cov txheej txheem, 1KD-FTV cav tau pom nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub hood ntawm Toyota Land Cruiser Prado. Nrog rau kev mloog zoo rau nws, kev ua haujlwm raug cai thiab kev tiv thaiv kev kuaj xyuas thiab kho tsis tu ncua, lub cev muaj zog "them" cov tswv ntawm SUVs nrog tib lub npib - lub zog, ceev thiab kev ntseeg tau.
