Opel Astra cav
Txheem
- Astra F - trendsetter ntawm European zam
- Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua tshiab - nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv G
- Astra H - Lavxias teb sab premiere
- Lub platform tshiab rau cov koob tshiab
- Astra K - lub tsheb ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej
- Fais fab nroj tsuag rau Opel Astra
- Lub cav nrov tshaj plaws rau Opel Astra
- Txoj cai xaiv lub cav thaum yuav Astra
1991 yog lub xyoo premiere rau lub tsheb tshiab Adam Opel OG. Qhov kawg ntawm peb caug xyoo hegemony ntawm Opel Kadett E yog hnub yug ntawm lub hnub qub. Qhov no yog li cas lub npe ntawm cov kev coj noj coj ua, lub tsheb Astra, suab hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm Latin. Cov tsheb tau raug xaiv los ntawm tsab ntawv F. Thawj lub tsheb tuaj rau European lag luam raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm "chav golf". Lub tsheb ntawm J thiab K series tseem yog tsim los ntawm General Motors cov chaw tsim khoom txog niaj hnub no.
Astra F - trendsetter ntawm European zam
Kev txhawj xeeb Adam Opel AG tau coj ntau qhov kev hloov kho ntawm F series mus rau kev ua lag luam, piv txwv li, Caravan variant tau tsim los ua tsib qhov chaw nres tsheb wagon thiab peb lub qhov rooj "tsheb". Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem xaiv:
- sedan - 4 qhov rooj;
- hatchback - 3 thiab 5 qhov rooj.
Cov tsheb sib txawv tshwj xeeb kev ua tiav zoo. Hatchbacks muaj ib lub hnab ntim ntawm 360 litres. Qhov chaw nres tsheb wagon nyob rau hauv tus qauv version coj mus rau lub load txog li 500 litres, thiab nrog lub rear kab rooj zaum - 1630 litres. Simplicity, functionality thiab yooj yim - cov no yog lub ntsiab zoo uas tau sau tseg los ntawm tag nrho cov neeg siv ntawm lub tsheb tshiab yam tsis muaj kev zam. Restyling nyob rau hauv 1994 coj cov ntaub ntawv tshiab rau sab hauv trim mus rau entourage ntawm lub tsheb. Ib lub airbag tau nruab rau ntawm lub kauj kauj.
Lub tuam txhab tsis hnov qab cov neeg nyiam ntawm kev ua si sab nraum zoov thiab kev ua kis las. Rau lawv, ob versions ntawm 2-liter cav tau nruab rau ntawm GT version - 115 thiab 150 hp. Xyoo 1993, qhov ntau tau ntxiv los ntawm plaub-seater qhib lub tsheb ntawm chav kawm hloov pauv. Nws cov khoom me me tau tso siab los ntawm German kev tswj hwm rau lub tuam txhab tsheb me me ntawm Italian Bertone. Lub tsheb tau txais ib qho ntxiv rau cov cim - cov ntawv luv GSI (Grand Sport Txhaj). Xws li "them" versions tshuav cov kab sib dhos ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv UK, South America, Australia, India, Poland, South Africa, Tuam Tshoj txog 2000. Rau plaub lub caij tom ntej, F series tsheb los ntawm Poland tau muag rau lub teb chaws ntawm lub qub socialist camp thiab Qaib Cov Txwv.
Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua tshiab - nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv G
Lub tiam thib ob ntawm lub tsheb nrov tau txais tsab ntawv tom ntej ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv Latin. Zoo li thawj version, Astra G tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv tebchaws Australia, Holden daim ntawv lo tau hloov kho nrog cov ntawv TS. Lub British version tau los ua lub npe hu ua Vauxhall Mk4. Opel Astra G tau mus rau lub teb chaws ntawm lub qub USSR:
- Russia - Chevrolet Viva.
- Ukraine - Astra Classic.
Kev hloov kho ntawm G series tau txais ob hom kev sib kis - Japanese 4-ceev tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob thiab 5-ceev phau ntawv nrog hydraulic tsav. Lwm cov yam ntxwv tsim cov ntsiab lus:
- anti-lock braking system (ABS);
- ncua kev kawm ntawv - McFerson pem hauv ntej, ib nrab ywj siab beam - rear;
- disc nres.
Ib qho tshiab yog qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov system tiv thaiv plam.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub lineup yog OPC GSI hatchback nrog ib txwm aspirated 160 hp cav (1999). Peb xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luv luv no, cov tsheb ntawm lwm qhov kev teeb tsa pib tshwm sim - coupes, chaw nres tsheb wagons, convertibles. Lub tom kawg tau dhau los ua ib qho kev sib tw tiag tiag ntawm European lag luam. Nrog lub cav turbocharged nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 192-200 hp. thiab ntim ntawm 2,0 litres. nws zoo li ib tug dab tiag tiag.
Astra H - Lavxias teb sab premiere
Nyob rau hauv 2004, zus tau tej cov kev hloov kho ntawm lub thib peb series ntawm Astra tsheb twb teem nyob rau hauv Russia. SKD sib dhos ntawm lub tsheb tau ua los ntawm Kaliningrad tuam txhab "Avtotor" rau tsib xyoos. 2008 yog lub xyoo premiere rau tag nrho-scale serial ntau lawm ntawm Opel qauv. Lub conveyor yog nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Shushary, Leningrad cheeb tsam. Qee lub sij hawm tom qab, lub rooj sib txoos tau rov tsim dua tshiab rau Kaliningrad.
H series tau dhau los ua qhov premiere rau Astra tsheb ntawm cov qauv tshiab - sedans. Lawv hloov lub Vectra B. Tom qab lub premiere ntawm Istanbul nyob rau hauv 2004, lub tsheb tshiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ireland, Mexico thiab Brazil (4-qhov rooj Chevrolet Vectra hatchback). Nyob rau hauv kab ntawm lub series kuj muaj lub cev qauv thiab chaw nres tsheb wagons. Lub tom kawg tau los ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim hauv 2009 ntawm Astra TwinTop coupe-cabriolet. Nyob rau hauv Russia, cov qauv no tau tsim kom txog rau thaum 2014 raws li Astra Tsev Neeg.
Thiab tseem, lub hatchback layout tseem nrov tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv tsib lub qhov rooj version, nrog ib tug 1,6-liter engine nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 115 hp, lub tsheb muaj ntau yam zoo:
- airbags rau plaub tus neeg caij tsheb;
- rear hwj chim qhov rais;
- lub rooj cua sov system;
- kev tswj hwm huab cua;
- rear saib lub koob yees duab.
Ua ke nrog CD / mp3 lub tso suab kaw lus thiab XNUMX-ceev gearbox nyob rau hauv cov hwm versions, lub tsheb saib zoo heev.
Cov neeg sawv cev muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm H series yog cov tsheb sib sau ua ke hauv Active thiab Cosmo configurations nrog tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob thiab turbocharged xyaw:
- 1,6 TSI 170 hp;
- 1,4 TSI 140 hp
Lub platform tshiab rau cov koob tshiab
Nyob rau xyoo 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show, Opel tau nthuav tawm lub platform tshiab, Delta II, rau kev lag luam tsheb thoob ntiaj teb. Cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tsheb tshiab tau txhawb nqa qhov kev txiav txim siab tsim qauv ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawm Insigna lub tswv yim. Thawj cov nroj tsuag uas cov tsheb ntawm H series pib sib sau ua ke hauv lub peev xwm yog Vauxhall hauv lub nroog Askiv ntawm Cheshire.
Qhov tseeb funny los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm koob yog qhov tsis kam ntawm Opel tswj siv tsab ntawv kuv ua raws H hauv cov tsiaj ntawv Latin.
Kev sau ntawv ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm tus qauv belongs rau pab pawg ntawm Opel Design Center (Rüsselheim, Lub teb chaws Yelemees). Lub sijhawm tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm lub tswv yim qauv hauv lub qhov cua cua tshaj 600 teev. Cov neeg tsim qauv tau hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau qhov zoo li qub ntawm hatchback:
- wheelbase ncua los ntawm 71 hli;
- nce khiav deb.
Lub chassis yog tsim raws li lub tswv yim mechatronic. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua ke cov tshuab thiab "ntse" hluav taws xob tswj tshuab ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub tsheb, xws li FlexRide ncua kev kawm ntawv. Tus neeg tsav tsheb tuaj yeem hloov kho peb hom kev ncua (Standart, Sport lossis Ncig Ncig) kom haum rau nws txoj kev tsav tsheb.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv kev tswj hwm, pab pawg tsim qauv muab rau cov neeg siv khoom lwm yam kev tsim kho tshiab:
- niaj hnub sab hauv teeb pom kev zoo thiab ergonomic rooj;
- bi-xenon taub hau ntawm lub cim tshiab AFL +.
Nws tau txiav txim siab los nruab lub koob yees duab rau pem hauv ntej saib Opel Qhov muag ntawm txhua tus qauv ntawm cov koob tshiab. Nws muaj peev xwm paub txog cov paib txoj kev teeb tsa raws li txoj kev thiab ceeb toom ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm qhov pom kev zoo ntawm kev txav mus los.
Astra K - lub tsheb ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej
Cov tswv cuab niaj hnub tshaj plaws ntawm Astra tsev neeg ntawm Opel tsheb yog K-series hatchback. 2015 lub hlis tom qab, thawj lub tsheb pom nws tus neeg yuav khoom:
- nyob rau hauv UK - raws li Vauxhall Astra;
- nyob rau hauv Suav teb - nyob rau hauv lub npe Buick Verano;
- nyob rau sab av thib tsib nrog Holden Astra daim ntawv lo.
Tus tsim ntawm lub tsheb tau dhau los ua niaj hnub ntau dua nrog kev hloov kho yav dhau los. Nws yog txawm peem rau nrog qhov tseeb paub-yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm automotive technology. Ntxiv nrog rau 5-qhov rooj hatchback, lub log pem hauv ntej tsav chaw nres tsheb wagon kuj muaj. Cov khoom tshiab tau sib sau ua ke ntawm ob lub chaw tsim khoom - hauv Polish Gliwice thiab hauv Elzmirport, hauv Foggy Albion. Lub npe platform yog D2XX. Ntawm cov tsheb ntawm chav ntaus golf, uas tam sim no paub ntau dua li C-chav kawm, Astra K yog jokingly lossis tiag hu ua "quantum leap".
Cov neeg tsav tsheb tsis muaj dab tsi tsawg dua 18 qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov lub rooj zaum. Needless hais, AGR tau ntawv pov thawj. Tsis tas li ntawd:
- tsis siv neeg Opel Qhov muag rau taug qab txoj kev cim;
- tswj cheeb tsam tuag;
- ib qho system rau rov qab lub tsheb mus rau nws txoj kab thaum hla txoj kab;
Nyob rau hauv lub "mechanics" version, lub ntim ntawm 3-lub tog raj kheej cav nrog lub hwj chim ntawm 105 hp. tsuas yog 1 liter, thiab qhov ceev ntawm autobahn yog nyob rau hauv 200 km / h. Rau 4-ceev tsis siv neeg kis tau tus mob, 1,6-lub tog raj kheej 136 liter yog siv. engine (XNUMX hp).
Fais fab nroj tsuag rau Opel Astra
Cov qauv no ntawm tus naas ej German automaker yog tus yeej yeej ntawm nws cov kwv tij nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov cav tov uas tau ntsia rau ntau yam kev hloov kho. Rau tsib tiam, muaj ntau txog 58 ntawm lawv:
| Kos npe | Qhov chaw, l. | Hom | Ntim, | Lub zog siab tshaj plaws, kW / hp | Lub kaw lus muaj zog |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cm3 ua | |||||
| A13 TSI | 1.2 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1248 | 70/95 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| A14 NPE | 1.4 | turbocharged roj av | 1364 | 88/120 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| A14 NET NPE | 1.4 | -: - | 1364 | 101 / 138, 103 / 140 | DOHC, DCVCP |
| A14 XEE | 1.4 | roj av | 1398 | 64/87 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| A14 XER | 1.4 | -: - | 1398 | 74/100 | DOHC |
| A16 EASY | 1.6 | turbocharged roj av | 1598 | 132/180 | ncaj qha kev txhaj tshuaj |
| A16 XER | 1.6 | roj av | 1598 | 85 / 115, 103 / 140 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| A16 XHT | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 125/170 | ncaj qha kev txhaj tshuaj |
| A17 DTJ | 1.7 | diesel | 1686 | 81/110 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| A17 DTR | 1.7 | -: - | 1686 | 92/125 | -: - |
| A20 TSH | 2 | -: - | 1956 | 118/160, 120/163, 121/165 | -: - |
| A20 DTR | 2 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1956 | 143/195 | -: - |
| B16 DTH | 1.7 | -: - | 1686 | 100/136 | -: - |
| B16 DTL | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 81/100 | -: - |
| C14 NZ | 1.4 | roj av | 1389 | 66/90 | ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, SOHC |
| C14 SE | 1.4 | -: - | 1389 | 60/82 | chaw nres nkoj txhaj tshuaj, SOHC |
| C18 XEL | 1.8 | -: - | 1799 | 85/115 | -: - |
| C20 XE | 2 | -: - | 1998 | 110/150 | -: - |
| X 14 NZ | 1.4 | -: - | 1389 | 66/90 | -: - |
| X 14 XE | 1.4 | -: - | 1389 | 66/90 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| X 16 ZPO | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 52 / 71, 55 / 75 | ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, SOHC |
| X 16 SZR | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 55 / 75, 63 / 85 | ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj, SOHC |
| X 16 XEL | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| X 17 DT | 1.7 | turbocharged roj av | 1686 | 60/82 | SOHC |
| X17 DTL | 1.7 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1700 | 50/68 | -: - |
| X 18 XE | 1.8 | roj av | 1799 | 85/115 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| X18 XE 1 | 1.8 | -: - | 1796 | 85/115, 85/116, 92/125 | -: - |
| X20 DTL | 2 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1995 | 60/82 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| X 20 XER | 2 | roj av | 1998 | 118/160 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Y17DT | 1.7 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1686 | 55/75 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| Y20 DTH | 2 | -: - | 1995 | 74/100 | -: - |
| Y20 TXL | 2 | -: - | 1995 | 60/82 | -: - |
| Y22 DTR | 2.2 | -: - | 2172 | 88 / 120, 92 / 125 | -: - |
| Z12 XE | 1.2 | roj av | 1199 | 55/75 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Z13 DTH | 1.3 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1248 | 66/90 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| Z14XEL | 1.4 | roj av | 1364 | 55/75 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Z14 XAB | 1.4 | -: - | 1364 | 64 / 87, 66 / 90 | -: - |
| Z16 LOJ | 1.6 | turbocharged roj av | 1598 | 132/180 | -: - |
| Z16 SE | 1.6 | roj av | 1598 | 62 / 84, 63 / 85 | -: - |
| Z16 XE | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | -: - |
| Z16XE 1 | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 | -: - |
| Z16 XAB | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 74/100, 76/103, 77/105 | -: - |
| Z16 XER | 1.6 | -: - | 1598 | 85/115 | -: - |
| Z16 YOG | 1.6 | roj | 1598 | 71/97 | -: - |
| Z17 DTH | 1.7 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1686 | 74/100 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| Z17 DTL | 1.7 | -: - | 1686 | 59/80 | -: - |
| Z18 XE | 1.8 | roj av | 1796 | 90 / 122, 92 / 125 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Z18XEL | 1.8 | -: - | 1796 | 85/116 | -: - |
| Z18 XER | 1.8 | -: - | 1796 | 103/140 | -: - |
| Z19DT | 1.9 | diesel roj turbocharged | 1910 | 88/120 | Kev Tsheb Hlau |
| Z19 DTH | 1.9 | -: - | 1910 | 88 / 120, 110 / 150 | -: - |
| Z19DTJ | 1.9 | -: - | 1910 | 88/120 | -: - |
| Z19 DTL | 1.9 | -: - | 1910 | 74 / 100, 88 / 120 | -: - |
| Z20 LOJ | 2 | turbocharged roj av | 1998 | 125/170 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Z20 LER | 2 | roj av atmospheric | 1998 | 125/170 | direct injection qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj |
| turbocharged roj av | 1998 | 147/200 | |||
| Z20 LOJ | 2 | turbocharged roj av | 1998 | 140/190, 141/192, 147/200 | kev txhaj tshuaj |
| Z22 SE | 2.2 | roj av | 2198 | 108/147 | ncaj qha kev txhaj tshuaj |
Ob lub cev muaj zog los ntawm tag nrho cov kab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lwm tus. Tsuas yog ob-litre Z20LER tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv tib daim ntawv lo hauv ob qhov sib txawv:
- atmospheric, nrog ncaj qha roj txhaj, 170 hp
- ob puas muaj zog txhaj tshuaj, nrog ib tug turbocharger.
Lub Z16YNG yog tib lub cav roj ntuj rau Opel Astra.
Lub cav nrov tshaj plaws rau Opel Astra
Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev rau ib leeg tawm lub cev muaj zog, uas ntau dua li lwm tus tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog cog ntawm Opel Astra tsheb. Qhov no yog 1,6-liter roj av cav ntawm Z16 series. Tsib ntawm nws cov kev hloov kho tau tso tawm (SE, XE, XE1, XEP, XER). Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj tib lub ntim - 1598 cubic centimeters. Nyob rau hauv lub cav fais fab mov system, ib tug injector yog siv los muab roj - ib tug faib kev txhaj tshuaj tswj chav tsev.
Qhov no 101 hp engine Nyob rau hauv 2000, nws tau los ua tus successor rau X16XEL engine, uas tau ntsia rau ntau yam Opel qauv. Nws tau siv rau tsib xyoos ntawm Astra G. Ntawm cov qauv tsim, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub xub ntiag ntawm Multec-S (F) tswj system, hluav taws xob throttle tswj. Cov pa oxygen sensors tau nruab rau ntawm ob sab ntawm cov catalyst.
Txawm hais tias nws muaj koob meej, nws txoj haujlwm tsis muaj teeb meem. Cov tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
- nce roj noj;
- backlash ntawm collector mounting qhov chaw.
Txhawm rau pab cov neeg tsav tsheb uas ntsib teeb meem nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav, cov neeg tsim khoom tau teeb tsa EOBD tus kheej kev kuaj mob. Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub cav nrawm heev.
Txoj cai xaiv lub cav thaum yuav Astra
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ke ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tsheb thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob yog ib txwm nrog cov kev xav ntawm kev mob siab, kev kawm ntev ntawm cov khoom siv thiab, thaum kawg, kev kuaj tus kheej. Kuj ceeb tias, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm Ecotec xyaw, nws tsis yooj yim los xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws layout ntawm lub hwj chim cog rau Opel Astra. Qhov saum toj kawg nkaus peb ntawm ntau yam kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev ntaus nqi ntawm xyoo tas los no tau suav nrog turbocharged roj av A14NET. Cav txav - 1364 cm3, lub zog - 1490 hp. ceev tshaj plaws - 202 km / h.
Lub turbocharger pab lub cav kom yooj yim tiv nrog kev tsav tsheb ntawm txoj kev ntawm txhua qhov nyuaj thiab teeb tsa. Piv rau ib lub cav ob-liter, nws zoo li muaj kev ntseeg siab ntau dua. Nws yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias tus tsim qauv muab lub turbine rau ntawm lub cav ntawm lub ntim me me. Tab sis lawv kiag li twv nws, txij li thaum lub cev muaj zog ua tau zoo heev. Tom qab lub premiere nyob rau hauv 2010, nws tam sim ntawd mus rau hauv series rau ntau yam Opel tsheb - Astra J thiab GTC, Zafira, Meriva, Mocca, Chevrolet Cruise.
Ib qho kev pom zoo yog lub installation ntawm lub sij hawm saw. Nws zoo nkaus li txhim khu kev qha ntau dua li siv. Vim lub installation ntawm hydraulic lifters, qhov xav tau rau qhov kev hloov kho valve tas li raug tshem tawm. Hloov lub sij hawm valve yog tswj los ntawm DCVCP system. Turbine A14NET muaj peb qhov tshwj xeeb:
- kev ntseeg tau;
- muaj txiaj ntsig;
- qhov me me.
Cov "cons" suav nrog qhov tshwj xeeb xaiv ntawm chav tsev rau qhov zoo ntawm cov roj uas tau nchuav.
Lub cav yuav tsum tsis txhob hnyav hnyav thaum tsav tsheb. Nws tsis yog tsim los thawb qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab ua tiav qhov siab tshaj plaws, xws li A16XHT, lossis A16LET. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsav tsheb yog kev tsav tsheb hauv nruab nrab ceev. Kev siv roj yuav tsis pub tshaj 5,5 litres. nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj, thiab 9,0 litres. ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog. Raws li tag nrho cov lus teev tseg ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, lub cav no yuav ua rau tus neeg teb xov tooj muaj teeb meem tsawg kawg nkaus.
