Chevrolet Lacetti cav
Txheem
Chevrolet Lacetti yog lub tsheb nrov, chaw nres tsheb wagon lossis hatchback tsheb uas tau dhau los ua neeg xav tau thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
Lub tsheb tau dhau los ua tiav, nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm kev tsav tsheb, kev siv roj tsawg thiab kev xaiv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob zoo, uas tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo rau kev tsav tsheb hauv nroog thiab hauv txoj kev loj.
Xyaw
Lub tsheb Lacetti tau tsim los ntawm 2004 txog 2013, uas yog, rau 9 xyoo. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lawv muab ntau hom cav nrog txawv configurations. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, 4 units tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub Lacetti:
- F14D3 - 95 hp; 131nm ua.
- F16D3 - 109 hp; 131nm ua.
- F18D3 - 122 hp; 164nm ua.
- T18SED - 121 hp; 169nm ua.
Qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws - F14D3 nrog lub ntim ntawm 1.4 litres - tsuas yog ntsia tau rau hauv tsheb nrog hatchback thiab sedan lub cev, chaw nres tsheb wagons tsis tau txais ICE cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov ntau thiab nrov tshaj plaws yog lub cav F16D3, uas tau siv rau tag nrho peb lub tsheb. Thiab F18D3 thiab T18SED versions tau teeb tsa tsuas yog hauv cov tsheb uas muaj qib trim sab saum toj thiab tau siv rau cov qauv nrog txhua yam ntawm lub cev. Los ntawm txoj kev, F19D3 yog ib qho kev txhim kho T18SED, tab sis ntxiv rau tom qab ntawd.
F14D3 - qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj ICE ntawm Chevrolet Lacetti
Lub cev muaj zog no tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s rau lub teeb thiab compact tsheb. Nws zoo heev ntawm Chevrolet Lacetti. Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias F14D3 yog rov tsim kho Opel X14XE lossis X14ZE lub cav nruab rau ntawm Opel Astra. Lawv muaj ntau yam sib hloov tau, zoo sib xws crank mechanisms, tab sis tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov no, cov no tsuas yog cov kws tshaj lij kev soj ntsuam.
Lub cav combustion sab hauv tsis yog qhov phem, nws tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv hydraulic, yog li tsis tas yuav hloov kho valve, nws khiav ntawm AI-95 roj av, tab sis koj tuaj yeem sau rau hauv 92nd - koj yuav tsis pom qhov txawv. Kuj tseem muaj EGR valve, uas nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav txo tus nqi ntawm cov teeb meem tshuaj emissions mus rau hauv cov huab cua los ntawm re-hluav taws xob pa gases nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog "mob taub hau" rau cov tswv tsheb siv, tab sis ntau ntxiv txog cov teeb meem ntawm chav tsev tom qab. Tsis tas li ntawm F14D3 siv lub sijhawm siv lub sijhawm tsav. Cov chais thiab siv nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau hloov txhua txhua 60 txhiab km, txwv tsis pub kev so tom qab khoov ntawm li qub tsis tuaj yeem zam tau.
Lub cav nws tus kheej yog yooj yim impossibly - nws yog classic "kab" nrog 4 lub tog raj kheej thiab 4 li qub ntawm lawv txhua tus. Ntawd yog, muaj 16 li qub hauv tag nrho. Volume - 1.4 litres, hwj chim - 95 hp; torque - 131 Nm. Roj noj yog tus qauv rau xws li combustion engine: 7 litres ib 100 km nyob rau hauv sib tov hom, tau roj noj yog 0.6 l / 1000 km, tab sis feem ntau pov tseg yog pom nyob rau hauv lub engine nrog mileage tshaj 100 txhiab km. Yog vim li cas yog banal - daig rings, uas yog dab tsi feem ntau ntawm cov khiav khiav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm.
Cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo kom sau cov roj nrog viscosity ntawm 10W-30, thiab thaum ua haujlwm lub tsheb hauv thaj chaw txias, qhov xav tau viscosity yog 5W30. Cov roj GM tiag yog suav tias zoo dua. Muab lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub caij no lub F14D3 xyaw yog feem ntau nrog high mileage, nws yog zoo dua rau ncuav "semi-synthetics". Kev hloov roj yog nqa tawm tom qab tus qauv 15000 km, tab sis muab cov roj av tsis zoo thiab cov roj nws tus kheej (muaj ntau cov roj ntsha uas tsis yog cov khoom qub hauv khw), nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov nws tom qab 7-8 txhiab kilometers. Cav peev xwm - 200-250 txhiab kilometers.
Teeb meem
Lub cav muaj nws drawbacks, muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - dai li qub. Qhov no yog vim qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tes tsho thiab lub valve. Kev tsim cov av hauv qhov sib txawv no ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev txav lub valve, uas ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: chav tsev troit, stalks, ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov, poob lub zog. Feem ntau, cov tsos mob no qhia txog qhov teeb meem no. Masters pom zoo kom nchuav tsuas yog cov roj zoo ntawm cov chaw pov thawj roj thiab pib txav tsuas yog tom qab lub cav tau sov txog 80 degrees - yav tom ntej qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm dai li qub lossis, tsawg kawg, ncua nws.
Ntawm tag nrho cov cav F14D3, qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim - nws tsuas yog raug tshem tawm hauv xyoo 2008 los ntawm kev hloov cov li qub thiab nce qhov kev tshem tawm. Xws li lub cav combustion sab hauv hu ua F14D4, tab sis nws tsis tau siv rau Chevrolet Lacetti tsheb. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib tug Lacetti nrog mileage, nws yog tsim nyog nug yog hais tias lub tog raj kheej taub hau raug txheeb tawm. Yog tias tsis yog, ces muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm cov teeb meem nrog lub li qub sai sai.
Lwm cov teeb meem tseem tsis suav nrog: tripping vim nozzles clogged nrog av, ntab ceev. Feem ntau cov ntsuas kub tau tawg ntawm F14D3, uas ua rau lub cav tsis ua kom sov mus txog qhov kub thiab txias. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib qho teeb meem loj - kev hloov ntawm lub ntsuas sov yog nqa tawm hauv ib nrab teev thiab pheej yig.
Tom ntej no - roj ntws los ntawm lub gasket ntawm lub valve cover. Vim li no, roj nkag mus rau hauv qhov dej ntawm cov tswm ciab, thiab tom qab ntawd teeb meem tshwm sim nrog cov xaim hluav taws xob siab. Yeej, ntawm 100 txhiab kilometers, qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim ntawm yuav luag tag nrho F14D3 units. Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom hloov lub gasket txhua 40 txhiab kilometers.
Detonation los yog khob hauv lub cav qhia tias muaj teeb meem nrog hydraulic lifters lossis catalyst. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob txhaws thiab cov cua kub tom qab kuj tshwm sim, yog li ntawd, ntawm cov cav nrog ib mais ntawm ntau dua 100 txhiab km. Nws yog ib advisable mus saib qhov kub ntawm lub coolant ntawm tus pas ntsuas kub - yog hais tias nws yog siab tshaj qhov chaw ua hauj lwm, ces nws yog zoo dua mus nres thiab xyuas lub radiator, tus nqi ntawm antifreeze nyob rau hauv lub tank, thiab lwm yam.
Lub EGR valve yog ib qho teeb meem nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub cav uas nws tau nruab. Nws zoo kawg nkaus khaws cov hmoov av, uas thaiv cov hlab ntsha ntawm tus pas nrig. Yog li ntawd, cov huab cua-roj sib tov yog tas li nkag mus rau lub tog raj kheej nrog rau cov pa pa, qhov sib tov ua leaner thiab detonation tshwm sim, poob ntawm lub zog. Qhov teeb meem yog daws los ntawm kev ntxuav lub valve (nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom tshem tawm thiab tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon deposits), tab sis qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas ib ntus. Txoj kev daws teeb meem tseem yog qhov yooj yim - lub valve raug tshem tawm, thiab cov pa xa hluav taws xob rau lub cav raug kaw nrog lub phaj steel. Thiab yog li ntawd qhov yuam kev Check Engine tsis ci ntawm lub dashboard, "hlwb" yog reflashed. Yog li ntawd, lub cav khiav ib txwm, tab sis emits ntau yam teeb meem rau hauv qhov chaw.
Nrog rau kev tsav tsheb me me, ua kom sov lub cav txawm tias lub caij ntuj sov, siv cov roj zoo thiab cov roj, lub cav yuav mus txog 200 txhiab kilometers yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Tom ntej no, yuav tsum muaj kev kho dua tshiab, thiab tom qab ntawd - yuav ua li cas muaj hmoo.
Raws li kev kho, F14D3 yog dhuav rau F16D3 thiab txawm F18D3. Qhov no yog ua tau, txij li thaum lub tog raj kheej thaiv ntawm cov combustion engine yog tib yam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yooj yim dua los nqa F16D3 rau kev sib pauv thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm 1.4-liter.
F16D3 - feem ntau
Yog tias F14D3 tau nruab rau ntawm hatchbacks lossis Lacetti sedans, ces F16D3 tau siv rau tag nrho peb hom tsheb, suav nrog lub chaw nres tsheb wagon. Nws lub zog ncav cuag 109 hp, torque - 131 Nm. Nws qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cav dhau los yog qhov ntim ntawm lub tog raj kheej thiab, yog li ntawd, muaj zog ntxiv. Ntxiv rau Lacetti, lub cav no tuaj yeem pom ntawm Aveo thiab Cruze.
Raws li txoj cai, F16D3 txawv ntawm piston stroke (81.5 hli piv rau 73.4 hli rau F14D3) thiab lub tog raj kheej txoj kab uas hla (79 hli piv rau 77.9 hli). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws ua tau raws li Euro 5 ib puag ncig tus qauv, txawm hais tias 1.4-liter version tsuas yog Euro 4. Raws li kev siv roj, cov duab yog tib yam - 7 litres ib 100 km hauv hom sib xyaw. Nws yog ntshaw kom ncuav tib cov roj nyob rau hauv lub internal combustion engine raws li nyob rau hauv F14D3 - tsis muaj qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv no hais txog.
Teeb meem
Lub cav 1.6-liter rau Chevrolet yog hloov dua siab tshiab Z16XE ntsia hauv Opel Astra, Zafira. Nws muaj qhov hloov pauv tau thiab cov teeb meem raug. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog EGR valve, uas xa rov qab cov pa pa tawm mus rau lub tog raj kheej rau qhov kawg tom qab hlawv cov khoom tsis zoo. Nws fouling nrog soot yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub sijhawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv cov roj av tsis zoo. Qhov teeb meem yog daws nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev paub - los ntawm kev kaw lub valve thiab txhim kho software qhov twg nws functionality raug txiav tawm.
Lwm yam kev tsis txaus ntseeg yog tib yam li cov hluas 1.4-liter version, suav nrog kev tsim cov kua qaub ntawm lub li qub, uas ua rau lawv "dai". Nyob rau hauv combustion engine tom qab 2008, tsis muaj malfunctions li qub. Chav tsev nws tus kheej ua haujlwm ib txwm ua rau thawj 200-250 txhiab kilometers, ces - raws li muaj hmoo.
Tuning yog ua tau nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws yog nti tuning, uas tseem cuam tshuam rau F14D3. Kev hloov kho lub firmware yuav ua rau nce ntawm 5-8 hp, yog li nti tuning nws tus kheej tsis tsim nyog. Nws yuav tsum tau nrog rau lub installation ntawm kev ua si camshafts, cais gears. Tom qab ntawd, lub firmware tshiab yuav tsa lub zog rau 125 hp.
Cov kev xaiv tom ntej yog tho txawv thiab txhim kho lub crankshaft los ntawm lub cav F18D3, uas muab 145 hp. Nws kim heev, qee zaum nws zoo dua los nqa F18D3 rau kev sib pauv.
F18D3 - lub zog tshaj plaws ntawm Lacetti
Qhov ICE no tau nruab rau ntawm Chevrolet hauv TOP trim theem. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hluas versions yog tsim nyog:
- Lub piston stroke yog 88.2 hli.
- Lub tog raj kheej txoj kab uas hla - 80.5 mm.
Cov kev hloov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce qhov ntim rau 1.8 litres; hwj chim - mus txog 121 hp; torque - mus txog 169 Nm. Lub cev muaj zog ua raws li tus qauv Euro-5 thiab siv 100 litres ib 8.8 km hauv hom sib xyaw. Yuav tsum tau roj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 3.75 litres nrog ib tug viscosity ntawm 10W-30 los yog 5W-30 nrog ib tug hloov lub sij hawm ntawm 7-8 txhiab km. Nws cov peev txheej yog 200-250 txhiab km.
Muab hais tias F18D3 yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm F16D3 thiab F14D3 xyaw, qhov tsis zoo thiab teeb meem yog tib yam. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv loj, yog li cov tswv Chevrolet ntawm F18D3 tuaj yeem raug pom zoo kom sau cov roj zoo, ib txwm sov lub cav rau 80 degrees thiab saib xyuas cov ntsuas ntsuas kub.
Kuj tseem muaj 1.8-liter version ntawm T18SED, uas tau teeb tsa ntawm Lacetti txog xyoo 2007. Tom qab ntawd nws tau txhim kho - qhov no yog li cas F18D3 tshwm sim. Tsis zoo li T18SED, chav tsev tshiab tsis muaj cov xaim hluav taws xob siab - siv qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub sijhawm siv lub sijhawm, lub twj tso kua mis thiab cov menyuam tau hloov me ntsis, tab sis tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm T18SED thiab F18D3, thiab tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsis pom qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tuav txhua.
Ntawm tag nrho cov cav nruab rau ntawm Lacetti, F18D3 yog tib lub zog hluav taws xob uas koj tuaj yeem tso lub compressor. Muaj tseeb, nws muaj qhov sib piv siab - 9.5, yog li nws yuav tsum xub txo qis. Ua li no, muab ob lub tog raj kheej taub hau gaskets. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub turbine, cov pistons tau hloov nrog cov forged nrog cov grooves tshwj xeeb rau qhov sib piv qis, thiab 360cc-440cc nozzles raug teeb tsa. Qhov no yuav ua rau kom lub zog mus rau 180-200 hp. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov peev txheej ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav poob, kev siv roj av yuav nce ntxiv. Thiab txoj haujlwm nws tus kheej yog qhov nyuaj thiab xav tau kev nqis peev nyiaj txiag loj.
Ib qho kev xaiv yooj yim dua yog rau nruab kev ua si camshafts nrog rau theem ntawm 270-280, kab laug sab 4-2-1 thiab qhov tso pa tawm nrog kev txiav ntawm 51 hli. Raws li qhov kev teeb tsa no, nws tsim nyog flashing "lub hlwb", uas yuav yooj yim tso cai rau koj tshem tawm 140-145 hp. Txawm tias muaj hwj chim ntau yuav tsum tau lub tog raj kheej taub hau porting, loj li qub thiab ib tug tshiab receiver rau Lacetti. Txog 160 hp thaum kawg koj tuaj yeem tau txais.
Daim ntawv cog lus cav
Ntawm qhov chaw tsim nyog koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntawv cog lus motors. Qhov nruab nrab, lawv cov nqi sib txawv ntawm 45 txog 100 txhiab rubles. Tus nqi nyob ntawm qhov mileage, kev hloov kho, warranty thiab kev mob ntawm lub cav.
Ua ntej koj coj "tus neeg cog lus", nws tsim nyog rov qab: cov cav no feem ntau muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 10 xyoo. Yog li ntawd, cov no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, kev pabcuam lub neej uas yuav los txog rau qhov kawg. Thaum xaiv, nco ntsoov nug seb lub cav puas tau kho dua. Thaum muas ib lub tsheb tshiab los yog tsawg dua nrog lub cav khiav mus txog 100 txhiab km. Nws yog ntshaw kom qhia meej seb lub tog raj kheej taub hau tau rov tsim dua. Yog tias tsis yog, qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj li "ua rau" tus nqi, vim tsis ntev koj yuav tau ntxuav cov li qub los ntawm cov pa roj carbon deposits.
Seb puas yuav
Tag nrho cov F motors siv rau Lacetti tau ua tiav. Cov combustion engines no yog unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, tsis txhob haus ntau roj thiab yog zoo tagnrho rau nruab nrab lub nroog tsav tsheb.
Txog li 200 txhiab kilometers, teeb meem yuav tsum tsis txhob tshwm sim nrog kev saib xyuas raws sij hawm thiab kev siv cov khoom siv zoo "consumables", yog li koj tuaj yeem nqa lub tsheb yam xyuam xim raws li nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, F series cav tau kawm tau zoo thiab kho tau yooj yim, muaj ntau yam khoom seem rau lawv, yog li tsis muaj kev poob qis ntawm qhov chaw pabcuam vim yog kev tshawb nrhiav qhov zoo.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv combustion engine nyob rau hauv lub series yog F18D3 vim nws lub zog ntau dua thiab tuning muaj peev xwm. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo - kev siv roj ntau dua piv rau F16D3 thiab ntau dua li F14D3, tab sis qhov no yog ib txwm muab lub ntim ntawm lub tog raj kheej.
