Vaz-21213 cav
Txheem
Rau huab hwm coj SUV Lada Niva, yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab dua thiab ruaj khov zog. Cov kws ua haujlwm hauv AvtoVAZ tau tswj hwm los tsim thiab siv nws.
piav qhia
Nyob rau hauv 1994, VAZ engine builders tsim thiab qhia nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshiab (thaum lub sij hawm) cav, xaiv VAZ-21213. Nws tsim coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv parallel nrog lub creation ntawm lub cev muaj zog rau Lada VAZ-2107, tab sis lub installation tseem ceeb yog muab rau Niva SUVs.
Lub cav VAZ-21213 yog nyob rau hauv-kab roj av plaub-lub tog raj kheej aspirated engine nrog ib tug ntim ntawm 1.7 litres thiab ib tug hwj chim ntawm 78,9 litres. nrog thiab lub zog ntawm 127 Nm.
Nruab ntawm Lada tsheb:
- 2129 (1994-1996);
- 4x4 Niva 2121 (1997-2019);
- 4x4 Bronto (1995-2011);
- Niva Pickup (1995-2019).
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub hood ntawm Lada Nadezhda, Lada 21213 thiab Lada 21313. Ntawm Ladas 21214, 21044 thiab 21074, nws tau raug xa tawm txawv teb chaws.
Ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb paub tseeb tias VAZ-21213 tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li "dhuav" VAZ-2121. Cov kev xav li no yog yuam kev. Qhov tseeb yog tias VAZ-21213 yog kev txhim kho tshiab. Thaum nws tau tsim, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab siv hauv classic 2101-2106, diesel thiab pem hauv ntej-log tsav 2108 tau siv.
Lub tog raj kheej thaiv yog ib txwm cam khwb cia hlau, tsis lined. Hauv qab muaj tsib crankshaft bearings. Lub ntsiab bearing plhaub yog steel-aluminium. Lub thaiv muaj ob qhov kho qhov loj me - 82,4 thiab 82,8. Yog li, lub VAZ-21213 sab hauv combustion engine tuaj yeem ua rau ob qho kev kho dua tshiab.
Lub crankshaft yog ua los ntawm cov hlau ductile. Nruab nrog yim counterweights los txo qhov kev txiav txim thib ob inertial rog ua rau lub cav vibration. Lub sij hawm sprocket thiab lub tsheb rub rau cov khoom txuas (tswj, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub zog tsav) raug ntsia rau ntawm tus ntiv taw ntawm lub crankshaft. Lub flywheel yog txuas rau sab nraud.
Hlau rods. Cov bearings (ntxig) ntawm lub taub hau qis yog steel-aluminium, sab saud yog steel-bronze bushing. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv me me hauv cov bushings, lub hau txuas txuas tsis tuaj yeem tig tau thaum sib dhos, txwv tsis pub yuav muaj teeb meem nrog cov kabmob lubrication. Lub taub hau saum toj kawg nkaus yog ua rau lub piston ntab ntab.
Cov piston yog thawj, txhuas, nrog peb lub nplhaib, ob ntawm cov compression, ib qho yog roj scraper. Lub recess nyob rau hauv qab yog ib qho ntxiv combustion chamber (lub ntsiab yog nyob rau hauv lub tog raj kheej taub hau). Piston tus pin floating hom, tsau nrog ob lub voj voog.
Lub tog raj kheej taub hau yog thawj, aluminium. Nruab nrog ib lub camshaft thiab 8 li qub. Valve hydraulic compensators tsis muab, yog li qhov sib txawv thermal yuav tsum tau kho manually txhua 7-10 txhiab kilometers. Ib qho khoom siv hlau uas siv tau pov tseg yog ntsia nruab nrab ntawm qhov thaiv thiab lub taub hau.
Lub camshaft yog cam khwb cia hlau. Mounted rau tsib ncej. Nws muaj cov duab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cams, muab qhov qhib ntev dua ntawm cov khoom siv li qub. Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab no ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm cov combustion chamber nrog kev sib xyaw ua haujlwm, uas ua rau kom lub zog ntawm lub zog.
Timing chain tsav. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, tus qauv tsim tshiab tensioner nrog cov khau elongated yog siv. Stretching cov saw ua rau cov li qub khoov thiab tawg lub piston thaum sib cuag.
Combined lubrication system. Iav hom roj twj tso kua mis.
Thawj cov roj pom zoo los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom yog Lukoil Lux 10W-30 lossis 10W-40. Los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog thawj, nyiam tuaj yeem muab rau cov khoom lag luam hauv tebchaws Rosneft, G-Energy thiab Gazpromneft.
Carburetor roj mov system. Kev tsim kho tshiab yog kev siv 21073 Solex carburetor.
Lub ignition system yog tsis sib cuag nrog ib tug ntau high-voltage kauj. Cov tswm ciab pom zoo - AU17DVRM lossis BCPR6ES (NGK).
Cov kab ke thiab cov nodes tseem yog classical.
Технические характеристики
| Chaw Tsim Tshuaj | Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ" |
| Tso tawm xyoo | 1994 |
| Loj, cm³ | 1690 |
| zog, l. Nrog | 78.9 |
| Torque, Nm | 127 |
| Compression piv | 9.3 |
| Lub tog raj kheej thaiv | cam khwb cia hlau |
| Cov nab npawb ntawm cov thooj voos kheej kheej | 4 |
| Roj txhaj tshuaj | 1-3-4-2 |
| Lub taub hau kheej kheej | txhuas |
| Lub tog raj kheej diam, mm | 82 |
| Piston mob stroke, hli | 80 |
| Tus naj npawb ntawm li qub rau ib lub tog raj kheej | 2 |
| Sijhawm tsav | saw |
| Kev qhauj nqaj tawv | tsis muaj |
| Hydraulic compensators | tsis muaj |
| Valve lub sij hawm regulator | tsis muaj |
| Lubrication system muaj peev xwm, l. | 3.75 |
| Siv roj | 5W30, 5W40, 10W40, 15W40 |
| Roj hluav taws xob system | carburetor |
| Roj | AI-92 roj av |
| Ib puag ncig cov qauv | Euro 0 |
| Resource, sab nraud. km | 80 |
| Qhov chaw: | ntev |
| Nyhav kg | 117 |
| Tuning (muaj peev xwm), l. Nrog | 200 * |
* tsis txo cov peev txheej 80 l. Nrog.
Kev ntseeg tau, tsis muaj zog, kev ruaj ntseg
Kev ntseeg tau
Kev sib tham ntawm cov tswv tsheb ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm VAZ-21213 tsis tuaj yeem raug txo kom tsis txhob muaj kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem. Qee tus nyiam xav tias nws "tawg", muaj teeb meem thiab tsis ntseeg. Tab sis feem ntau yog ntawm qhov opposite kev xav.
Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov chaw tsim khoom tsis tau txiav txim siab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb hais tias nws tau dhau lawm. Lawm, raug rau tej nuances.
Yog li, Dmitry los ntawm lub nroog Kushva sau: "...rau 10 xyoo kuv hloov tsuas yog lub carburetor, tab sis lub log bearings, tus so - ntawm trifles: ib tug faucet ntawm lub qhov cub, lub ntsuas kub, lub slider hlawv tawm ob peb zaug.". Vovan pom zoo nrog nws: "...taug kev 282 txhiab, hloov ob lub pob pob qij txha thiab ib pawg ntawm cov kauj vab, tsis muaj teeb meem ntxiv". Ib qho kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm lub ncauj lus no tau sau los ntawm Sergey los ntawm lub zos. Almetevsky (KhMAO): "...dhau 112000km cav Cheebtsam thiab cov rooj sib txoos ib txwm. Kuv tsuas yog hloov cov npog tiv thaiv thiab kev poob siab absorbers thiab lwm lub roj teeb".
Yog li, tshaj qhov kev pab cuam mileage kom meej meej qhia qhov kev ntseeg ntawm lub cav.
Qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug yog qhov style ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Feem ntau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tswv tsheb koj tuaj yeem nyeem tau tias "Thaum pib kuv tsav tsheb ntawm 140 km / h, ces lub cav pib coj". Tsis muaj dab tsi hais txog kev tiv thaiv lub cav. Tus neeg tsav tsheb khiav ceev ceev txhob txwm kaw lub cav, thiab tom qab ntawd tshaj tawm nws qhov tsis ntseeg. Thaj tsis yog txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb nkag siab tias Niva tsis yog lub tsheb sib tw.
Kev ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav ua rau nws muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab, vim li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm.
Lub cev tsis muaj zog
Lawv lub xub ntiag yog yam ntxwv ntawm txhua lub cav. Nyob rau hauv lub VAZ-21213, lawv muaj peev xwm muab sau ua ke nyob rau hauv plaub pawg loj.
- Tshaj kub. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntsuas kub tsis raug lossis lub tshuab hluav taws xob qias neeg. Lub malfunction yog yooj yim tshem tawm los ntawm tus tswv lub tsheb nws tus kheej.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm overheating
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov suab nrov tsis tau tso cai thiab khob. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xyuas ntawm ntau lub cav cav. Cov valves tsis zoo, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub sijhawm tsav (teeb meem hauv cov dampers lossis cov saw tensioners), hnav ntawm lub piston pins, lub ntsiab lossis txuas qws bearings yog qhov ua rau lub suab nrov ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Kev kuaj mob ntawm qhov chaw pabcuam tshwj xeeb yuav qhia qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo uas tau tshwm sim.
- Roj thiab coolant leaks. Yog vim li cas rau lawv qhov tshwm sim yog qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm fastening ntawm cov yeeb nkab kev sib txuas thiab poob ntawm nruj ntawm cov gaskets los yog cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Yog tias pom muaj cov kua dej ntws tawm, kev ntsuas tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau ua kom tshem tawm lawv.
- Hluav taws xob ib feem. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj lub neej ua haujlwm luv luv. Ntawm no, tib txoj kev los kho qhov teeb meem yog hloov lawv.
Txhawm rau txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kev ntsuas rau lawv raws sij hawm tshawb nrhiav thiab tshem tawm.
Txij nkawm zoo
Kev kho lub cav VAZ-21213 tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Nws tuaj yeem nqa tawm txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb. Qee qhov tsis yooj yim yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov kab hauv lub tog raj kheej. Rau kev kho kom tiav, lub tog raj kheej thaiv yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub lag luam, qhov twg nws yuav dhuav, hauv av thiab honed.
Kev xaiv thiab yuav cov khoom seem rau kev kho yog tsis muaj teeb meem. Qhov kev pom zoo tsuas yog tsis txhob khiav mus rau hauv qhov cuav yog tias koj yuav lawv tus kheej. Kev nplua nuj ntawm cov khoom cuav ntawm kev ua lag luam ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau cov tswv tsheb tsis muaj kev paub.
Rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog tom qab kho thaum lub sijhawm kho, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum siv cov khoom qub thiab cov khoom siv nkaus xwb.
Ua ntej koj ua qhov loj overhaul tag nrho, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo thiab scrupulously xam cov nqi khoom. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim tias kev yuav khoom ntawm lub cav sib cog lus dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua.
VAZ-21213 yog ib tug kiag li txhim khu kev qha thiab unpretentious zog chav tsev nrog kev tuav kom zoo. Kev pabcuam raws sijhawm thiab kev ua haujlwm siab yuav ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam, ua kom muaj peev txheej ua haujlwm.
