BMW N42B20 cav
Txheem
Nyob rau hauv-line engines ntawm ib tug ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws automakers, BMW, inherently tsis tsuas yog lub quintessence ntawm innovation thiab engineering audacity, tab sis kuj yog tus tuav ntawm ib tug ntev keeb kwm.
Siv cov piv txwv ntawm lub cav raws li N42B20 lub tog raj kheej thaiv, koj tuaj yeem ua tib zoo ua raws li cov nuances Bavarian engineers tau them nyiaj rau thaum tsim lub cav.
piav qhia
Yog hais tias koj casually mus txog keeb kwm ntawm BMW cav, peb yuav xaus hais tias Bavarian engineers ua tib zoo hwm lawv cov kev cai, thiab lawv txoj kev daws teeb meem yog raws li nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav kev zoo tag nrho. Koj hais tias lub cev muaj zog zoo tagnrho hauv txhua yam tsis tuaj yeem muaj nyob? Tsuas yog tsis yog rau lub siab xav ntawm German engineers, vim hais tias lawv tsis pom zoo nrog cov lus no, txhua lub sij hawm rhuav tshem cov stereotypes txog lub zog qis ntawm lub tshuab me me.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev txawj ntse ntawm engineering thiab thev naus laus zis tsis kav ntev, vim tias los ntawm nruab nrab-90s - thaum ntxov 2000s, lub sijhawm ntawm kev lag luam nce ntau dhau ntau yam kev lag luam, thiab tsheb yuav luag thawj qhov chaw.
Qhov no yog li cas cov cav "guzzling" roj nyob rau hauv liters tshwm sim, lub tog raj kheej blocks uas tsis tsuas yog vim me ntsis overheating thiab lwm yam tu siab "technologies" uas yog qias neeg rau ntau tus tswv tsheb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsheb.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kawg, hom kev siv tshuab "tricks" no tsis txhawj xeeb, yog tias tsis hais qhov txawv.
Cia peb tsis txhob tham txog tej yam tu siab, cia peb zoo dua xav txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev tsim BMW xyaw ntawm nruab nrab (los ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam) ntim, uas yog, 2.0 litres. Nws yog qhov ntim no, nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm, uas Bavarian engineers suav tias yuav luag zoo tagnrho rau txhua yam (!) Cov yam ntxwv xav tau los ntawm nws: lub zog, lub zog, qhov hnyav, roj noj, thiab kev pabcuam lub neej. Tseeb, engineers tsis tuaj rau lub ntim tam sim no, tab sis nws tag nrho pib nrog lub legendary cav nrog lub M10 Performance index, nws yog nrog nws hais tias tag nrho cov loj-scale keeb kwm ntawm nyob rau hauv-kab plaub-lub tog raj kheej units ntawm BMW hom pib.
Kuv yuav tsum lees tias lub sijhawm ntawd, BMW ua, yog tias tsis yog lub cav zoo tagnrho, ces nws yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub tuam txhab. Nws yog M10 thaiv uas tau ua haujlwm ntxiv rau ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem engineering, uas lub tuam txhab thaum kawg tau pib qhia rau hauv nws cov chav tshiab. Muaj ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov motors raws li M10 thaiv, ntawm lawv:
- kev sim nrog lub ntim ntawm internal combustion engines;
- kev sim nrog lub tog raj kheej taub hau;
- ntau yam roj siv tshuab (1 carburetor, ntxaib carburetor, mechanical txhaj).
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, M10 thaiv tau pib ua tiav, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau "khiav", thaum kawg, ntau lub cav raug tso tawm, uas yog raws li "lus dab neeg" M10. Muaj ntau txoj kev daws teeb meem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, xws li cov khoom siv roj rau kev sim nrog lub tog raj kheej taub hau (ob-ncej lub tog raj kheej taub hau) thiab qhov hnyav dav dav ntawm lub cav thiab lub tshuab tag nrho. 
Daim ntawv teev cov tshuab hluav taws xob, uas tau ua raws li M10 ntau heev, peb muab cov npe luv luv raws li kev txhim kho chronology:
- M115 / M116;
- M10B15/M10B16;
- M117 / M118;
- M42, M43;
- M15 - M19, M22/23, M31;
- M64, M75 - export versions ntawm lub cav rau US (M64) thiab Nyiv (M75) kev lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev tsim cov motors ntxiv, Bavarian engineers tuaj txog qhov xaus tias qhov kev xav ntau dua thiab thev naus laus zis M10 lub cev muaj zog yuav dhau los ua cov neeg ua tiav rau cov motors raws li BC (lub tog raj kheej thaiv) M40. Thiab yog li cov cav tom ntej tau tshwm sim, ntawm cov uas yog M43 thiab N42B20, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau peb.
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv BMW N42B20
Fais fab units raws li N42B20 thaiv tau tsim raws li tag nrho cov "canons" ntawm niaj hnub cav lub tsev. Prototype motors ntawm qhov thaiv no tau cog lus tias muaj koob meej ntev rau chav tsev no, tab sis txhua yam tsis ua haujlwm zoo li xav tau. Tus thawj coj ntawm N42 yog lub cev muaj zog nrog M43 Performance index, uas "nqus" tag nrho cov thev naus laus zis zoo tshaj plaws tau sim hauv kab plaub:
- kev ua haujlwm ntawm li qub los ntawm kev siv cov menyuam thawb;
- lub sij hawm saw mechanism;
- nce rigidity thiab txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv;
- anti-knock hloov kho (nrog kev ua haujlwm sib cais rau txhua lub tog raj kheej);
- technologically hloov pistons (nrog ib tug txiav nyob rau hauv lub tiab).
Variations ntawm cav ntawm N42 thaiv, sab laug - N42B18 (ntim - 1.8 l), sab xis - N42B20 (ntim - 2.0 l).
Lub caij no, ib qho ntawm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm N42B20 lub cav thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv ntawm N42 thaiv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ob lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau ua ke nrog lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm (vim yog VANOS system) thiab Valvetronic sib txawv valve nqa qhov system. Kev siv tag nrho cov tshuab thiab thev naus laus zis no ua rau nws tuaj yeem txo qis kev siv roj thiab tshem tawm ntau lub zog (piv rau yav dhau los versions) ntawm lub cav, tab sis, hmoov tsis, nws tsis ntxiv kev ntseeg siab.
| Xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm chav tsev fais fab | Los ntawm 2004 txog 2012 * |
|---|---|
| hom cav | Petro |
| Lub layout ntawm lub hwj chim unit | Hauv kab, plaub-lub tog raj kheej |
| Lub cev muaj zog ntim | 2.0 hli |
| Lub kaw lus muaj zog | Txhaj tshuaj txau |
| Lub taub hau kheej kheej | DOHC (ob lub camshafts), lub sij hawm tsav - saw |
| Lub cav hluav taws xob sab hauv lub zog | 143 hp ntawm 6000 rpm *** |
| Torque | 200Nm ntawm 3750*** |
| Cov khoom siv ntawm lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau | Lub tog raj kheej thaiv - aluminium, lub tog raj kheej taub hau - aluminium |
| Yuav tsum tau roj | AI-96, AI-95 (Euro 4-5 chav kawm) |
| Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv | Los ntawm 200 mus rau 000 (nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas), qhov nruab nrab cov peev txheej yog 400 - 000 ntawm ib lub tsheb zoo. |
Yog tias muaj qhov xav tau kom paub qhov tseeb ntawm lub cav thiab nws tus lej cim, ces koj yuav tsum cia siab rau daim duab hauv qab no.
Feem ntau, lub cav tsis tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm kev ua tau zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum piv nrog cov tiam dhau los ntawm cov motors. Raws li tuaj yeem pom, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog qhov txo qis ntawm kev siv roj thiab kev siv zog me ntsis. Tsuas yog hmoov tsis, koj tuaj yeem pom lub zog loj nce tsuas yog ntawm kev nrawm dua, thiab txawm tias ua ke nrog kev sib kis tsis siv neeg, koj tuaj yeem hnov qab txog lub zog thiab kev sib tw ceev.
Hom mob ICE BMW N42B20
Cav raws li N42 thaiv tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tshaj plaws hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Tsis zoo li lawv cov neeg ua ntej, cov Bavarians txiav txim siab los tsim kom muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ntxiv 2 camshafts rau lub tog raj kheej lub taub hau, thiab Double-VANOS system kuj tau ntxiv rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov manufacturability coj koob meej rau cov motors, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov uas cov designers ntawm cov motors npau suav ntawm.
Ob lub camshafts yog qhov zoo, tau kawg, tab sis cov txheej txheem loj ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem nyuaj, zoo li Ob-VANOS, dhau los ua qhov cuam tshuam. Tag nrho cov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub, vim tias kev siv roj txo qis, tab sis puas muaj kev nkag siab hauv qhov no? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub tsheb yog ua nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation thiab lub CIS, qhov zoo ntawm cov roj thiab roj tawm ntau yam yuav tsum tau. Nws dhau los ua qhov tseeb rau tus nyeem ntawv ceev ceev tias kev siv cov roj tsis zoo thiab cov roj nplua nyeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau lub cev muaj zog. Txawm hais tias qhov kev xav txog roj kev lag luam tsim nyog rau kev kho tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv - cia txhua tus teb rau nws tus kheej.
Peb, raws li cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, yuav nco ntsoov qee qhov nuances hais txog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov motors no, tab sis cia peb coj nws mus rau hauv kev txiav txim, vim hais tias ua ntej tham txog kev kho, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi feem ntau tawg hauv cov motors. Thiab ntawm no txhua yam yog qhov nyuaj dua, vim tias qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm cov cav no yog lawv cov cua sov thiab muaj zog roj coagulation.
BMW engineers teem lub siab bar rau lub cav kub tswj - tshaj 110 degrees, vim li ntawd - cua sov cov roj nyob rau hauv lub crankcase mus rau 120-130 degrees, thiab yog hais tias koj kuj coj mus rau hauv tus account lub me me ntim ntim, ces txhua yam hloov mus rau heev. tu siab heev.
Cov roj kub cokes thiab txhaws cov roj raws, dhau sijhawm, Valvetronic system tsav pib "tom", thiab Double-VANOS system actuators poob.
Yog li ntawd, lub cav tau txais ib qho tseem ceeb coking, nres ua tsis taus pa, thiab muab hais tias cov technologies saum toj no yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug txhuas lub tog raj kheej thaiv thiab lub tog raj kheej taub hau, sau nkim. Ntau tus tswv ntawm BMW paub ua ntej txog lub "floated" lub tog raj kheej taub hau vim muaj cua sov, puas yog "cov thev naus laus zis" xav tau? Nws yog qhov ua tau heev uas nyob rau hauv European tej yam kev mob, nrog tsawg kub, tsis muaj tsheb khiav jams thiab high-zoo roj, cov technologies yuav qhia lawv tus kheej zoo kawg nkaus. Tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav Lavxias teb sab qhov tseeb - yeej tsis yog.
Yog tias koj tsis kov qhov teeb meem loj thiab ntev ntawm N42B20 / N42B18 lub cev muaj zog cuam tshuam nrog overheating, tab sis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom seem ntawm lub cav, ces tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog ntawm no, tshwj tsis yog tej zaum:
- lub sij hawm saw tensioner (peev txheej ~ 90 - 000 km);
- nquag tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm BREMI hom ignition coils (tshuaj los ntawm kev hloov cov coils nrog EPA);
- "zhor" roj vim tawg ntawm valve qia ntsaws ruaj ruaj (ntau zaus hloov roj yog tsim nyog thiab overheating ntawm lub combustion engine yog tsis tsim nyog).
Kev sib pauv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv BMW N42B20
N42B20 lub cev muaj zog tsis tuaj yeem hu ua kev tswj tau yooj yim thiab tswj tau yooj yim, txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev ua haujlwm kom raug, nrog kev hloov roj ntau zaus (ib zaug txhua 4000 km) thiab tsis muaj cua sov, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntev. Thiab txawm hais tias "lub peev" xav tau los ntawm ib lub sijhawm, nws nyob deb ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub cev muaj zog tam sim no yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Thaum tsis muaj cua sov thiab "nyob" lub tog raj kheej taub hau, kev kho dua tshiab yuav tsis yog hnub qub, tab sis nws yuav xav tau kev nqis peev. Qhov teeb meem no kuj yooj yim los ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo ib yam li qub ntawm tus nqi qis, uas tuaj yeem txuas lub neej ntawm lub cev muaj zog rau qee lub sijhawm (nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom seem).
Feem ntau, cov tswv ntawm BMWs nrog N42B20 / N42B18 lub cav siv rau qhov kev daws teeb meem xws li swapping lub cev muaj zog rau lwm tus. Qhov tsis txaus siab los tso nrog lub capriciousness ntawm lub cav ntawm N42 thaiv feem ntau yuam ntau tus tswv los hloov lawv "stunted" plaub nrog qee yam muaj zog dua.
Feem ntau, ib qho ntawm cov cav tseem ceeb rau kev sib pauv hloov ntawm N42B20 yog cov hauv qab no cov cav sib xyaw ua ke (hauv-kab rau-lub tog raj kheej):
- BMW M54B30;
- Toyota 2JZ-GTE — tag nrho tiam thiab kev hloov kho
Cov motors saum toj no tsis muaj teeb meem loj xws li N42B20, muaj zog ntau dua thiab kev ntseeg siab, thiab kuj tau yooj yim kho.
Tsheb nrog BMW N42B20 cav
Cav raws li N42 lub tog raj kheej thaiv tau nruab nrog tsuas yog ib qho BMW kab - qhov no yog 3-series (E-46 lub cev). Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov no yog cov qauv hauv qab no:
- BMW 316 Ti E46/5;
- BMW 316i E46 (sedan thiab ncig lub cev hom);
- BMW E46 318i;
- BMW E46 318Ci;
- BMW 318 ti E46/5.
