Adaptive tsheb ncua kev kawm ntawv

Kab lus piav qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tsheb, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau cov cuab yeej. Cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cav tov nyob rau hauv uas lub mechanism thiab tus nqi ntawm kev kho yog qhia. Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm, kev tshuaj xyuas yeeb yaj kiab ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov Cov kab lus piav qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tsheb, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau cov khoom siv. Cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cav tov nyob rau hauv uas lub mechanism thiab tus nqi ntawm kev kho yog qhia. Thaum kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm muaj kev tshuaj xyuas video ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov.

Kev ncua ntawm lub tsheb yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau kev nplij siab thiab kev muaj peev xwm txav mus los. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus, nodes thiab cov ntsiab lus, txhua tus ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ua ntej ntawd, peb twb tau txiav txim siab MacPherson struts, ntau qhov txuas thiab lub teeb torsion, yog li muaj qee yam los piv nrog thiab nkag siab tias kev nplij siab ntau npaum li cas yog qhov zoo dua los yog phem dua, pheej yig lossis kim kho, nrog rau kev hloov kho qhov ncua sij hawm thiab qhov zoo li cas. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm raug kho.

Dab tsi yog adaptive suspension

Los ntawm lub npe nws tus kheej, hais tias lub ncua kev kawm ntawv yog adaptive, nws yog pom tseeb hais tias lub system yuav tau los yog on-board computer commands hloov tej yam ntxwv, tsis thiab hloov mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb los yog txoj kev nto. Rau qee tus neeg tsim khoom, qhov version ntawm lub tshuab no tseem hu ua semi-active.

Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov mechanism yog lub degree ntawm damping ntawm lub shock absorbers (ceev ceev ntawm kev co damping thiab minimization ntawm shock kis mus rau lub cev). Thawj qhov kev hais txog kev hloov pauv tau raug paub txij li xyoo 50s ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau pib siv hydropneumatic struts es tsis txhob siv cov dampers thiab springs. Lub hauv paus yog hydraulic cylinders thiab hydraulic accumulators nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm spheres. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim heev, vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov kua dej, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm lub hauv paus thiab chassis ntawm lub tsheb hloov.

Thawj lub tsheb uas pom muaj hydropneumatic strut yog Citroen, tso tawm xyoo 1954.

Tom qab ntawd, tib lub tshuab tau siv rau DS tsheb, thiab pib txij li xyoo 90s, Hydractive ncua kev kawm tau tshwm sim, uas yog siv thiab txhim kho los ntawm engineers rau hnub no. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab tsis siv neeg tswj, lub tshuab nws tus kheej tuaj yeem hloov kho rau txoj kev nto lossis tus neeg tsav tsheb txoj kev tsav tsheb. Yog li, nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho tam sim no yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hydropneumatic uas tuaj yeem hloov cov yam ntxwv raws li ntau yam sensors thiab kev tsom xam ntawm lub computer on-board.

Yuav ua li cas lub adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsheb

Nyob ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, qhov kev ncua tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab cov khoom hloov pauv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus uas yuav yog tus qauv rau txhua qhov kev xaiv. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem no suav nrog:

• chav tswj hluav taws xob;
• active racks (adjustable tsheb racks);
• anti-yob tuav nrog adjustable muaj nuj nqi;
• ntau yam sensors (txoj kev roughness, lub cev yob, clearance, thiab lwm yam).

Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom teev muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov kho automation system. Lub plawv ntawm lub tshuab yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob ncua kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tsheb, nws yog nws lub luag haujlwm rau kev xaiv hom thiab teeb tsa tus kheej cov txheej txheem. Raws li txoj cai, nws txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm ntau lub sensors, lossis tau txais cov lus txib los ntawm chav tsev qhia ntawv (selector tswj los ntawm tus tsav tsheb). Nyob ntawm seb hom teeb liab tau txais, qhov kev hloov kho qhov tawv nqaij yuav tsis siv neeg (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm sensors) los yog yuam (los ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb).

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov kho kom ruaj khov yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv yob bar, qhov sib txawv tsuas yog lub peev xwm los kho cov qib ntawm rigidity raws li cov lus txib los ntawm chav tswj. Nws feem ntau ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm maneuvering lub tsheb, yog li txo lub cev yob. Chav tswj muaj peev xwm xam cov teeb liab hauv milliseconds, uas tso cai rau koj los teb tam sim rau txoj kev pob thiab ntau yam xwm txheej.

Tsheb adaptive puag sensors feem ntau yog cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas nws lub hom phiaj yog ntsuas thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab xa mus rau lub hauv paus tswj chav tsev. Piv txwv li, lub tsheb acceleration sensor sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov tsheb kim, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub cev yob nws ua hauj lwm thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lub chaw tswj.

Qhov thib ob sensor yog txoj kev sib tsoo sensor, nws hnov ​​​​mob thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev vibrations ntsug ntawm lub cev lub tsheb. Ntau tus xav txog nws lub ntsiab, raws li nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov kho tom ntej ntawm racks. Tsis muaj tsawg tseem ceeb yog lub cev txoj hauj lwm sensor, nws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau txoj hauj lwm kab rov tav thiab thaum lub sij hawm maneuvers xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm inclination ntawm lub cev (thaum braking los yog accelerating). Feem ntau nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, lub tsheb lub cev leans rau pem hauv ntej thaum lub zog braking los yog rov qab thaum lub zog acceleration.

Raws li pom, adjustable adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv struts

Qhov kawg nthuav dav ntawm lub adaptive system yog adjustable (active) racks. Cov ntsiab lus no sai sai rau txoj kev nto, nrog rau cov style ntawm lub tsheb. Los ntawm kev hloov lub siab ntawm cov kua dej sab hauv, qhov nruj ntawm qhov kev ncua tag nrho kuj hloov. Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob: nrog cov dej sib nqus rheological thiab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob electromagnetic.

Thawj version ntawm cov racks nquag tau ntim nrog cov kua tshwj xeeb. Lub viscosity ntawm cov kua yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb lub zog ntawm lub electromagnetic teb. Qhov ntau dua qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kua dej kom dhau los ntawm lub valve, lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsheb yuav nruj dua. Cov struts no yog siv hauv Cadillac thiab Chevrolet (MagneRide) lossis Audi (Magnetic Ride) tsheb. Nyob ntawm qhov hais kom ua los ntawm chav tswj hwm, ntu hloov pauv, thiab qhov nruj ntawm cov racks hloov raws li. Hom tshuab no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv kev ncua ntawm Volkswagen (DCC), Mercedes-Benz (ADS), Toyota (AVS), Opel (CDS) thiab BMW (EDC) tsheb.

Yuav ua li cas hloov tsheb ncua kev kawm ntawv ua haujlwm

Nws yog ib qho kom nkag siab txog lub hauv paus ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, thiab lwm qhov kom nkag siab tias nws ua haujlwm li cas. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas yuav muab lub tswv yim ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm thiab siv rooj plaub. Yuav pib nrog, xav txog qhov kev xaiv ntawm kev tswj tsis siv neeg ncua kev kawm ntawv, thaum lub computer on-board thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj lub luag hauj lwm yog lub luag hauj lwm rau theem ntawm nruj thiab kev teeb tsa. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub kaw lus sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tshem tawm, nrawm thiab lwm yam sensors, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov txhua yam mus rau chav tswj.

Cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Volkswagen adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv

Lub tom kawg soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv thiab kos cov lus xaus txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev nto, tus neeg tsav tsheb txoj kev tsav tsheb thiab lwm yam ntxwv ntawm lub tsheb. Raws li qhov kev txiav txim siab, lub thaiv xa cov lus txib los kho qhov nruj ntawm cov struts, tswj kev tiv thaiv yob bar, nrog rau lwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau kev nplij siab hauv lub alarm thiab txuas rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb hloov lub hauv paus. Nws yuav tsum to taub tias tag nrho cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus sib cuam tshuam thiab ua haujlwm tsis yog tsuas yog kom tau txais cov lus txib, tab sis kuj los teb rau cov xwm txheej, daws cov lus txib, thiab yuav tsum tau kho qee cov nodes. Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub system, ntxiv rau kev xa cov programmed commands, kuj kawm (adapts) rau cov kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb los yog mus rau lub unevenness ntawm txoj kev.

Tsis zoo li kev tswj tsis siv neeg ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tshuab, phau ntawv tswj sib txawv hauv txoj cai ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: thawj zaug, thaum lub zog nruj yog tsim los ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb quab yuam los ntawm kev kho cov racks (siv cov regulators ntawm lub tsheb). Qhov kev xaiv thib ob yog ib nrab phau ntawv lossis semi-automatic, txij li thaum xub thawj cov qauv txuas nrog lub thaiv tshwj xeeb, thiab tus neeg tsav tsheb tsuas yog xaiv hom tsav tsheb xwb. Yog li ntawd, lub adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv electronics xa commands mus rau lub mechanisms teem lub nruj ntawm lub mechanism. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov sensors tau nyeem tsawg kawg nkaus, feem ntau yog siv los kho cov kev txwv tsis pub muaj kom lub hauv paus zoo li yooj yim li sai tau rau qee txoj kev teeb tsa. - kev tsav tsheb.

Pros thiab cons ntawm adaptive tsheb ncua kev kawm ntawv

Txawm hais tias lub tswv yim zoo li cas yog txheej txheem, yuav muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo (ntxiv thiab rho tawm). Adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsheb yog tsis muaj kev zam, txawm lub fact tias ntau tus kws txawj tham tsuas yog hais txog qhov zoo ntawm mechanisms.

Pros thiab cons ntawm adaptive tsheb ncua kev kawm ntawv
zoo	Tsis zoo
Zoo heev khiav smoothness	Tus nqi ntau lawm
Kev tuav tau zoo ntawm lub tsheb (txawm ntawm txoj kev phem)	Tus nqi siab ntawm kev kho thiab kev ncua
Muaj peev xwm hloov qhov chaw dawb ntawm lub tsheb	Tsim complexity
Kev kho kom haum rau txoj kev	Kev kho kom yooj yim
Kev xaiv tsav tsheb	Hloov cov khub ntawm hydropneumoelements ntawm axles
Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov ntsiab lus hydropneumatic (kwv yees 25 km)	-

Peb pom tias qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov kho lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsheb yog tus nqi siab ntawm nws cov txij nkawm, kho thiab tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv tsim tsis yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov sensors tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam qhov yooj yim thiab haum ntawm lub tshuab. Ib qho ntxiv loj yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas ua rau ib feem ntawm ib qho thib ob, yog li tsim cov xwm txheej zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev lub tsheb.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv

Muab piv rau cov khoom siv ncua kev hloov pauv tau piav qhia saum toj no thiab lwm tus, xws li ntau qhov txuas lossis MacPherson struts, qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem pom txawm tias tsis muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim tsheb. Piv txwv li, thaum lub MacPherson xis nyob, cov neeg caij tsheb yuav ntsib kev sib tshuam ntawm txoj kev zoo thiab qhov phem. Kev tuav xws li kev ncua ntawm txoj kev tsis zoo yog ploj mus thiab tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev tsav tsheb.

Raws li kev yoog raws, tus neeg tsav tsheb, qhov tseeb, yuav tsis nkag siab thaum lub tsheb nkag mus rau hauv txoj kev tsis zoo. Lub kaw lus kho nrog xob laim ceev, hloov cov kev tswj xyuas thiab qhov nruj ntawm cov racks. Cov sensors dhau los ua rhiab dua, thiab cov racks teb sai dua rau cov lus txib los ntawm chav tswj hluav taws xob.

Nyob ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tshuab, ntxiv rau cov racks tshwj xeeb, lub kaw lus yog qhov txawv los ntawm ntau lub sensors, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom lawv tus kheej, nrog rau qhov pom loj heev uas yooj yim pom thaum saib lub kauj tsheb ntawm lub tsheb. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov kev ncua ntawm lub tsheb zoo li no tau hloov zuj zus mus tas li, thiab nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los tham txog ib qho kev tsim tshwj xeeb lossis qhov sib txawv. Cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tsis txaus, txo cov nqi ntawm cov khoom kim, ua kom lub neej ua haujlwm thiab nthuav dav. Yog tias peb tham txog qhov zoo sib xws nrog lwm cov kev ncua kev paub, ces qhov kev hloov kho yog qhov tsim nyog rau ntau qhov txuas lossis ob qhov txuas.

Cov tsheb twg haum nrog kev ncua kev ncua

Nrhiav lub tsheb nrog kev hloov pauv hloov tau yooj yim dua niaj hnub no dua li 10 xyoo dhau los. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias ntau lub tsheb hwm lossis SUVs tau nruab nrog lub tshuab zoo sib xws. Tau kawg, qhov no yog ib qho ntxiv rau tus nqi ntawm lub tsheb, tab sis kuj yog ib qho ntxiv rau kev nplij siab thiab tuav. Ntawm cov qauv nrov tshaj plaws:

• Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
• Audi K7;
• BMVH5;
• Mercedes-Benz GL-Class;
• Volkswagen Tuareg;
• Vauxhall Movano;
• BMW 3 series;
• Lexus GX460;
• Volkswagen Caravelle.

Lawm, qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tsheb uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm txoj kev hauv txhua lub nroog. Ua tsaug rau nws cov kev nplij siab zoo heev thiab muaj peev xwm hloov mus rau txoj kev, lub hauv paus adaptive tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam.

Scheme ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm lub adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsheb

 

1. Pem hauv ntej qag sensor;
2. Lub cev theem sensor (pem hauv ntej sab laug);
3. Lub cev acceleration sensor (pem hauv ntej sab laug);
4. Txais 2;
5. Qib sensor, rear;
6. rear qag shock absorber;
7. Lub cev acceleration sensor, rear;
8. Txais 1;
9. Control unit rau adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv;
10. Clearance tswj khawm nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub tsheb;
11. Cua muab chav tsev nrog valve thaiv;
12. Lub cev acceleration sensor, pem hauv ntej txoj cai;
13. Txoj cai pem hauv ntej theem sensor.

Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj thiab tus nqi ntawm qhov raug ncua

Zoo li txhua lub tshuab, xws li kev ncua sij hawm tsis ua haujlwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muab cov xwm txheej ceev ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los twv seb yuav ua li cas yuav ua tsis tau nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug mechanism, raws li nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, racks, txhua yam ntawm kev sib txuas cov ntsiab lus (hoses, connectors thiab roj hmab bushings), raws li zoo raws li sensors lub luag hauj lwm rau sau cov ntaub ntawv, hnav sai dua.

Ib tug yam ntxwv tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub adaptive puag ntawm lub tshuab yuav ua tau ntau yam sensor yuam kev. Hauv chav tsev koj xav tias tsis xis nyob, rumble, thiab txawm tias tag nrho cov pob hauv txoj kev. Lwm tus yam ntxwv malfunction tej zaum yuav yog qhov tsawg clearance ntawm lub tsheb, uas yog tsis tswj. Feem ntau, qhov no yog qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov thav duab, lub tog raj kheej lossis cov thawv ntim siab hloov tau. Lub tsheb yuav tsuas yog ib txwm underestimated, thiab yuav tsis muaj kev hais lus ntawm kev nplij siab thiab tuav txhua.

Nyob ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub tsheb, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom seem rau kev kho yuav txawv. Qhov loj qhov tsis zoo yog qhov kev kho ntawm xws li ib tug mechanism yog ceev, thiab yog hais tias ib tug malfunction yog pom, nws yuav tsum tau kho kom sai li sai tau. Nyob rau hauv cov classic thiab feem ntau versions, qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev poob siab absorbers los yog lwm qhov chaw tso cai rau koj tsav tsheb rau tej lub sij hawm ntev tsis kho. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab ntau npaum li cas kev kho yuav raug nqi, xav txog cov nqi rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 7 Audi Q2012.

Tus nqi ntawm adaptive ncua kev kawm ntawv qhov chaw Audi Q7 2012
lub npe	Nqe los ntawm, rub.
Pem hauv ntej shock absorbers	16990
Tsheb shock absorbers	17000
caij qhov siab sensor	8029
Rack siab valve	1888 g

Cov nqi tsis yog qis tshaj, txawm hais tias qee qhov chaw tau hais tias yuav kho tau. Yog li, ua ntej koj khiav tawm mus yuav qhov tshiab thiab yog tias koj xav txuag nyiaj, saib hauv Is Taws Nem kom pom tias koj tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau "kev sib ntaus sib tua". Raws li kev txheeb cais thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account txoj kev nto, adaptive shock absorbers thiab sensors feem ntau ua tsis tau. Shock absorbers vim txhua yam kev puas tsuaj thiab kev poob siab, sensors feem ntau vim yog kev khiav hauj lwm hauv av nkos thiab nquag jerks, ntawm txoj kev tsis zoo.

Raws li niaj hnub adaptive puag ntawm lub tsheb, peb tuaj yeem hais tias, ntawm ib sab, qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev nplij siab thiab kev tsav tsheb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev zoo siab kim heev uas yuav tsum tau muaj qee qhov kev saib xyuas thiab kho raws sijhawm. Xws li lub hauv paus tuaj yeem pom feem ntau hauv cov tsheb kim thiab hwm, qhov kev nplij siab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Raws li ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb, lub tshuab no yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tawm mus ncig, kev deb lossis thaum nyob ntsiag to hauv koj lub tsheb yog qhov tsim nyog heev.

Video tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov: