5 yam uas yuav tsum paub ua ntej yuav lub tsheb fais fab.
Txheem
Puas yog koj tab tom xav yuav lub tsheb fais fab? Koj puas tsis meej pem txog dab tsi yog hybrid, dab tsi yog plug-in hybrid, thiab nws txawv ntawm lub tsheb fais fab li cas? Los yog tej zaum koj ntshai ntawm qhov qis dhau los ntawm lub tsheb fais fab? Cov ncej no yuav tsum piav qhia ntau yam rau koj hauv ntiaj teb ntawm electromobility.
1. Ntau hom hluav taws xob tsheb (EV - Electric Vechicle)
Hybrid = Internal combustion engine + Electric motor.
Lub tsheb hybrid siv ob lub cav sib hloov, thiab nws yog nyob ntawm lub tsheb txiav txim siab thaum twg yuav siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thaum twg siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv, thiab thaum twg siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los txhawb lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv nroog tsheb. Hauv qee lub tsheb, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom lub zog tsav hluav taws xob, txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntau yam tuaj yeem tau txais yog me me ntawm 2-4 km, thiab rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ceev, feem ntau yog 40-50 km /. teev Cov roj teeb ntawm cov tsheb no raug them thaum nres thaum hluav taws xob rov qab, tab sis cov roj teeb tsis tuaj yeem them rau lwm txoj kev. Qhov zoo ntawm hybrid tsheb yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub nroog, qhov twg roj noj yog npaum li cas qis dua cov tsheb combustion sab hauv.
Plug-in hybrid = Combustion engine + fais fab + roj teeb.
PHEV tsheb lossis Plug-in Hybrids (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vechicle). Nws yog ib txwm ib lub tsheb uas muaj lub cav combustion sab hauv ( roj av lossis diesel) thiab hluav taws xob, tab sis muaj ntau hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cav no. Muaj PHEV tsheb uas lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsav lub qag nram qab thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv tsav lub qag pem hauv ntej. Cov motors no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib cais, piv txwv li, tsuas yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv lossis tsuas yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob xwb, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua ke, thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob txhawb nqa lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub tsheb yog Volvo V60 plug-in.
Kev txuas ntxiv ntawm lub tswv yim no yog lub tsheb uas muaj ob lub cav, tab sis lub cav sib xyaw nrog lub cav thaum tsav tsheb tuaj yeem ntxiv cov roj teeb thaum tsav tsheb. Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV hybrid model.
Lwm lub tswv yim rau ib tug hybrid yog rau nruab ib lub combustion engine thiab ib tug hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog, tab sis nws yog ib tug hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog uas hloov lub zog mus rau lub log, thaum lub combustion engine ua raws li ib tug generator. Yog li, thaum lub zog khaws cia rau hauv cov roj teeb yog depleted, combustion engine pib, tab sis tsis tsim lub zog rau lub log. Qhov no yuav yog ib txoj hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob los txhawb lub zog hluav taws xob thiab ib feem ntawm cov roj teeb. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov no yog qhov kev siv nyiaj txiag tshaj plaws ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub tsheb no yog Opel Ampera.
Tau kawg, hauv plug-in hybrids, peb tuaj yeem them cov roj teeb los ntawm lub zog sab nraud ntawm lub charger. Qee lub tsheb plug-in tseem tso cai rau DC them ceev ceev!
Hluav taws xob ntau txawv ntawm lub tsheb thiab kev tsav tsheb. Nws feem ntau yog li ntawm 30 txog 80 km siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
Electric tsheb = Electric motor + roj teeb
Cov tsheb fais fab lossis tsheb fais fab (los yog BEV - Roj Teeb Hluav Taws Xob) yog cov tsheb uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Lawv qhov ntau yog nyob ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm cov roj teeb, qhia hauv kWh (kilowatt-teev), tsawg dua hauv Ah (ampere-teev), txawm hais tias ob hom ntawv yog qhov tseeb, qhov qub yog cov neeg siv ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsheb no muab kev tsav tsheb sib txawv kiag li piv rau cov tsheb sib tsoo. Kuv xav kom koj sim koj tus kheej thiab siv tsheb sib koom ua ntej.
2. Ntau yam ntawm cov tsheb fais fab.
Qhov no yog qhov kev txiav txim siab, tab sis kuj yog qhov kev ntshai loj tshaj plaws yog tias koj ntsib nrog kev yuav lub tsheb fais fab. Nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm seb koj npaj yuav caij tsheb li cas hauv ib hnub. Raws li Joint Research Center , ntau dua 80% ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb hauv European Union tsav tsawg dua 65 km thaum nruab hnub. Tsis txhob tso lub tsheb hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd nrhiav kev tawm mus ib zaug los ntawm Zakopane mus rau Gdansk lossis so rau Croatia. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj mus ncig ntev ntev thaum nruab hnub, lossis feem ntau yuav tsum tau taug kev ntxiv, xav txog lub plug-in hybrid.
Nco ntsoov tias qhov ntau ntawm cov tsheb fais fab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm:
- Roj teeb muaj peev xwm nyob ntawm lub tsheb thiab qee zaum ntawm tus qauv version.
- Huab cua - Tsis tshua muaj kub lossis kub siab tuaj yeem txwv qhov ntau ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog cua sov thiab txias lub tsheb siv hluav taws xob ntau. Tsis txhob txhawj, koj cov roj teeb yuav tsis overheat. Cov tsheb hluav taws xob tau ua kom txias.
- Tsav tsheb style - Yuav ua li cas koj tsav cuam tshuam koj tsav deb npaum li cas. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev tsav tsheb yam tsis muaj acceleration lossis deceleration. Nco ntsoov tias lub tsheb hluav taws xob rov qab muaj zog thaum lub sij hawm nres, yog li tsuas yog tso lub accelerator pedal yuav ua rau braking ntau heev.
Kuv tuaj yeem tau txais mais ntau npaum li cas los ntawm kev tsav tsheb fais fab ib txwm?
Hauv qab no kuv yuav nthuav qhia rau koj ntau yam nrov hluav taws xob tsheb qauv thiab lawv cov mileage. Cov hnub thaum lub tsheb hluav taws xob tsav tsheb tsuas yog 100 km thiab yuav tsum tau nrhiav qhov chaw them nyiaj tau ntev lawm.
Electric tsheb mileage
- Tesla Model S85d - 440 km - tab sis tsis ua li cas, qhov no yog Tesla, thiab Tesla paub tias yog tus thawj coj hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov tsheb fais fab, yog li cia peb kov hauv av me ntsis.
- Kia Niro EV 64 kWh - 445 km
- Kia Niro EV 39,2 kWh - 289 km
- Peugeot e-208 50 kWh - kwv yees. 300 km
- Nissan Leaf 40 kWh - mus txog 270 km
- Nissan Lead e + 62 kWh - mus txog 385 km
- BMW i3 - 260 km.
- Ntse EQ Rau Plaub — 153 км.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, txhua yam nyob ntawm lub roj teeb muaj peev xwm thiab koj txoj kev tsav tsheb. Piv txwv li, Peugeot e-208 muaj qhov nthuav dav simulator ntawm nws nplooj ntawv teeb tsa. Thaum tsav tsheb maj mam mus txog 70 km / h ntawm 20 o C, lub tsheb muaj peev xwm tsav tsheb 354 km, thiab nrog lub zog txav, nrawm nrawm rau 130 km / h thiab nres nres ntawm qhov kub ntawm -10. o C lub mileage ntawm lub tsheb yuav tsuas yog 122 km.
Yuav ua li cas sai sai xam cov kwv yees li mais uas yuav ua tau nrog ib tug hluav taws xob tsheb? Raws li nyob rau hauv cov tsheb nrog ib tug combustion engine, qhov nruab nrab noj roj av yog xam tau tias yog 8 l / 100 km, thaum nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb, qhov nruab nrab noj hluav taws xob yog xam tau tias yog 20 kWh / 100 km. Yog li, lub mileage uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim, piv txwv li, Kia Niro nrog lub roj teeb 64 kWh yog 64 * 0,2 = 320 km. Nws yog hais txog kev caij ntsiag to tsis muaj kev tsav tsheb eco. Lub Polish YouTuber tau khiav qhov kev ncua deb thiab tsav tsheb Kia Niro los ntawm Warsaw mus rau Zakopane, uas yog, 418,5 km ntawm ib tus nqi, nrog kev siv hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm 14,3 kWh / 100 km.
3. Chaw nres tsheb them nqi.
Tau kawg, tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob qhov twg thiab yuav ua li cas koj yuav them lub tsheb zoo li no thiab cov khoom sib txuas zoo li cas feem ntau.
So kom txaus, qhov no twb tau hais. Mus saib cov ntawv dhau los:
Summing txog? - muaj ntau lub chargers.
Ib txhia them, ib txhia yog dawb. Hom connectors? Tsis muaj teeb meem. Kev them nyiaj AC siv hom 2 lossis tsawg dua Hom 1. Feem ntau cov chaw them nyiaj muaj lub qhov (socket) hom 2 lossis hom 2 cable, yog li yog tias koj yuav lub tsheb nrog lub qhov (socket) hom 1, koj yuav tsum tau txais hom 1 - Hom 2 adapter. rau DC them, hauv Tebchaws Europe peb yuav pom CSS COMBO 2 lossis CHAdeMO connectors. Ntau lub chaw them nqi ceev tau nruab nrog ob ntawm cov ntawv txuas no. Tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb.
Yog tias kuv tsav kuv lub tsheb hauv qab 100 kWh charger, puas yuav kuv lub roj teeb 50 kWh ntawm 0 txog 100% hauv 30 feeb?
Hmoov tsis tsis muaj.
Hauv qab no yog lub rooj ntawm sab saum toj 20 feem ntau yuav EVs hauv EU hauv 2020.
