3rd Army ntawm Polish Army

Kev cob qhia Sniper.

Keeb kwm ntawm Polish Army nyob rau sab hnub tuaj yog txuas nrog txoj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 1st Polish Army los ntawm Warsaw los ntawm Pomeranian Val, Kolobrzeg mus rau Berlin. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm 2nd Polish Army nyob ze Bautzen tseem nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev muaj nyob ntawm 3rd Polish Army tsuas yog paub rau ib pawg me me ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg nyiam. Kab lus no yog qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog tsis nco qab no thiab nco qab txog cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai uas cov tub rog Polish tau hu los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm communist yuav tsum ua haujlwm.

Xyoo 1944 coj Wehrmacht kev swb loj rau sab hnub tuaj. Nws tau dhau los ua pom tseeb tias txoj haujlwm ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm Lub Tebchaws Polish thib ob los ntawm Tub Rog Liab tsuas yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lub sijhawm. Raws li cov kev txiav txim siab coj los ntawm Tehran Lub Rooj Sib Tham, Poland tau nkag mus rau hauv lub zog ntawm Soviet. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev poob ntawm kev tswj hwm los ntawm Union ntawm Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Tsoom fwv raug cai ntawm koom pheej ntawm Poland nyob rau hauv exile tsis muaj kev nom kev tswv thiab tub rog lub hwj chim los tig lub tide ntawm cov xwm txheej.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, Polish communists nyob rau hauv lub USSR, sib sau ua ke nyob ib ncig ntawm Eduard Osobka-Moravsky thiab Wanda Wasilewska, pib tsim lub Polish Committee ntawm National Liberation (PKNO) - ib tug puppet tsoom fwv uas yuav tsum tau coj lub hwj chim nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland thiab siv nyob rau hauv lub kev txaus siab ntawm Jozef Stalin. Txij li thaum xyoo 1943, cov neeg tawg rog tau tsim cov tub rog Polish tsis tu ncua, tom qab ntawd hu ua "Cov Neeg" Cov Tub Rog, uas, sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm Red Army, yuav tsum ua raws li lawv cov lus thov rau kev coj noj coj ua hauv tebchaws Poland hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov zej zog. .

Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov tub rog Polish uas tau tawm tsam rau Sab Hnub Tuaj Sab Hnub Tuaj tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau dhau, tab sis nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias txij li nruab nrab xyoo 1944 kev ua tsov rog tau ploj mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, thiab kev koom tes ntawm Poles hauv kev tawm tsam tub rog tsis yog qhov txiav txim siab hauv nws kawm. Kev tsim thiab nthuav dav ntawm Polish Army nyob rau sab hnub tuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nom kev tswv. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov kev cai lij choj hais saum toj no nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb arena, cov tub rog ntxiv dag zog rau lub meej mom ntawm tsoom fwv tshiab nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm lub zej zog thiab yog ib tug pab tau lub cuab tam ntawm coercion tiv thaiv cov koom haum ywj pheej thiab cov neeg zoo tib yam uas dared tawm tsam lub Sovietization ntawm Poland.

Kev nthuav dav sai ntawm cov tub rog Polish, uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm nruab nrab-1944 raws li cov lus hais ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees, kuj yog ib hom kev tswj hwm cov txiv neej uas muaj hnub nyoog ua tub rog kom lawv tsis pub cov tub rog hauv av rau kev ywj pheej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev nkag siab tias "neeg" Polish Army tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li tus ncej ntawm lub hwj chim hauv tebchaws Poland.

Cov tub rog liab nkag Rzeszow - Soviet IS-2 tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog; Peb Hlis 2, 1944

Kev nthuav dav ntawm cov tub rog Polish nyob rau hauv ib nrab xyoo 1944

Kev nkag mus ntawm Tub Rog Liab mus rau sab hnub tuaj sab hnub tuaj ntawm Thib Ob Polish-Lithuanian Lub Tebchaws tau ua kom muaj peev xwm los txhawb nqa Cov Tub Rog nyob hauv cov av no rau hauv lawv qib. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1944, cov tub rog Polish hauv USSR suav 113 cov tub rog, thiab 592st Polish Army tau tawm tsam rau sab hnub tuaj.

Tom qab hla kab kab kab laum, PKVN tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv tshaj tawm rau Polish zej zog, tshaj tawm thaum Lub Xya Hli 22, 1944. Qhov chaw tshaj tawm yog Chelm. Qhov tseeb, cov ntaub ntawv tau kos npe thiab pom zoo los ntawm Stalin hauv Moscow ob hnub ua ntej. Lub manifesto tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog rau thawj tsab cai ntawm Polish National Liberation Committee raws li txoj cai ib ntus. Tsoomfwv Polish-in-exile thiab nws cov tub rog hauv tebchaws Poland, Tub Rog Hauv Tsev (AK), rau txim rau cov lus tshaj tawm tus kheej no, tab sis, muab kev ua tub rog zoo tshaj ntawm Tub Rog Liab, ua tsis tiav los ua rau kev rhuav tshem PKKN.

Qhov kev tawm tsam nom tswv ntawm PKWN ua rau muaj kev nthuav dav ntxiv ntawm cov tub rog Polish. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1944, Cov Tub Rog Polish hauv USSR tau koom ua ke nrog Cov Neeg Tub Rog, ib pawg neeg koom siab koom nrog hauv tebchaws Poland, thiab Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Siab ntawm Polish Army (NDVP) nrog Brig. Michal Rola-Zimierski yog tus thawj coj. Ib qho ntawm cov dej num tau teem tseg los ntawm tus thawj coj tshiab yog los nthuav cov tub rog Polish los ntawm kev nrhiav cov Ncej los ntawm thaj chaw sab hnub tuaj ntawm Vistula. Raws li thawj txoj kev loj hlob, cov tub rog Polish yuav tsum muaj 400 1 tus neeg. cov tub rog thiab tsim koj tus kheej lub koom haum ua haujlwm - Polish Front, ua qauv ntawm Soviet pem hauv ntej xws li 1st Belorussian Front lossis XNUMXth Ukrainian Front.

Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, cov kev txiav txim siab zoo txog tebchaws Poland tau ua los ntawm Józef Stalin. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim Polish Front ntawm Rolya-Zhymerski1 tau nthuav tawm rau Stalin thaum nws thawj zaug mus ntsib Kremlin thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 1944. teeb meem. Tsis yog tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm Soviet partisans, uas tau npaj lub dav hlau, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nqa lawv cov raug mob comrades nyob rau hauv lub nkoj. Thawj qhov kev sim ua tsis tiav, lub dav hlau poob thaum sim tawm. General Rola-Zhymersky tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj tsis muaj mob. Ntawm qhov kev sim thib ob, lub dav hlau overloaded NW nyuam qhuav tawm hauv tshav dav hlau.

Thaum lub sij hawm cov neeg tuaj saib hauv Kremlin, Rola-Zymerski tau mob siab rau Stalin tias yog Poland tau txais riam phom, khoom siv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm pab, nws yuav muaj peev xwm tsa ib pab tub rog ntawm ib lab uas yuav swb lub teb chaws Yelemees ua ke nrog Red Army. Hais txog nws cov kev suav ua raws li kev muaj peev xwm ua ntej kev ua tsov ua rog ntawm Thib Ob Polish-Lithuanian Lub Tebchaws, Rolya-Zhymersky xav txog Polish Pem hauv ntej raws li qhov sib xyaw ntawm peb cov tub rog ua ke. Nws tau ua rau Stalin xav txog qhov muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau ntau tus tub ntxhais hluas hauv Tsev Tub Rog rau hauv cov tub rog Polish, uas qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov tub rog tau raug liam tias loj hlob vim yog txoj cai ntawm tsoomfwv hauv kev tawm tsam hauv London. Nws kwv yees hais tias cov tub rog Polish ntawm qhov loj me no yuav muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau lub siab ntawm cov pej xeem, txo qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Cov Tub Rog Hauv Tsev hauv zej zog thiab yog li tiv thaiv kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm fratricidal.

Stalin tsis ntseeg txog Rol-Zhymersky txoj kev pib. Nws kuj tsis tso siab rau Poland lub peev xwm txhawb nqa thiab siv cov tub ceev xwm hauv Tsev. Nws tsis tau ua qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov Polish Pem hauv ntej, txawm hais tias nws tau cog lus tias yuav tham txog qhov project no nrog Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog Tub Rog. Zoo siab General Rola-Zhymersky tau txais nws nrog kev pom zoo ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub USSR.

Thaum tham txog txoj kev npaj rau kev txhim kho cov tub rog Polish, nws tau txiav txim siab tias thaum kawg ntawm 1944 nws lub zog yuav tsum yog 400 txhiab tus neeg. neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, Rola-Zhymerski tau lees paub tias cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hais txog lub tswv yim ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov tub rog Polish yuav raug npaj los ntawm General Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm ntawm Red Army. Raws li tsim los ntawm General Rol-Zhymersky nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 1944, lub Polish pem hauv ntej yuav tsum muaj peb pawg tub rog ua ke. Tsis ntev los no 1st Polish Army nyob rau hauv USSR tau hloov lub npe 1st Polish Army (AWP), nws kuj tau npaj los tsim ob qho ntxiv: 2nd thiab 3rd GDP.

Txhua pab tub rog yuav tsum muaj: tsib infantry divisions, ib tug anti-aircraft artillery battalion, tsib artillery brigades, ib tug armored corps, ib tug hnyav tank regiment, ib tug engineering brigade thiab ib tug barrage brigade. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub rooj sib tham thib ob nrog Stalin thaum Lub Yim Hli 1944, cov phiaj xwm no tau hloov kho. Thaum lub sij hawm pov tseg ntawm 3rd AWP nws yuav tsum tsis muaj tsib, tab sis plaub infantry divisions, tsim ntawm tsib artillery brigades raug tso tseg, nyob rau hauv txaus siab ntawm ib tug artillery brigade thiab ib tug mortar regiment, lawv tso tseg tsim ib tug tank corps. Npog los ntawm huab cua raids tseem yog muab los ntawm anti-aircraft artillery battalion. Muaj ib tug tub rog ntawm sappers thiab ib tug tub rog barrage. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau npaj los tsim cov tub rog tiv thaiv kev tua phom loj thiab ntau chav me me: kev sib txuas lus, tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev tsim kho, quartermaster, thiab lwm yam.

Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm General Rolya-Zhimierski, Red Army Headquarters thaum Lub Yim Hli 13, 1944 tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia txog kev tsim cov Polish pem hauv ntej, lub zog uas yog 270 txhiab tus neeg. cov tub rog. Tag nrho cov tub rog pem hauv ntej feem ntau yuav raug txib los ntawm General Rola-Zhimersky nws tus kheej, lossis tsawg kawg yog Stalin qhia meej rau nws tias qhov no yuav yog qhov teeb meem. 1st AWP yog nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm Major General. Zygmunt Berling, cov lus txib ntawm 2nd AWP yuav tsum raug xa mus rau Major General. Stanislaw Poplawski, thiab 3rd AWP - General Karol Swierczewski.

Thaum thawj theem ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim, uas yuav tsum tau mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab lub Cuaj Hli 15, 1944, nws yuav tsum tsim cov lus txib ntawm Polish Front nrog rau kev ruaj ntseg units, lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm 2nd thiab 3rd AWP, raws li zoo raws li cov units uas yog ib feem ntawm thawj ntawm cov tub rog no. Txoj kev npaj yuav cawm tsis tau. Qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm qhov kev tsim ntawm 3rd AWP tau pib yog muab los ntawm General Rola-Zhymersky tsuas yog thaum Lub Kaum Hli 6, 1944. Los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim no, 2nd Infantry Division raug ntiab tawm ntawm 6th AWP thiab cov lus txib tau subordinated rau cov tub rog.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov chav tshiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no: Cov lus txib ntawm 3rd ARM ua ke nrog subordinate command, kev pabcuam, quartermaster units thiab tub ceev xwm tsev kawm ntawv - Zwierzyniec, thiab tom qab ntawd Tomaszów Lubelski; 6th Infantry Division - Przemysl; 10th Infantry Division - Rzeszow; 11th Infantry Division - Krasnystav; 12th Infantry Division - Zamosc; 5th Engineer Brigade - Yaroslav, ces Tarnavka; 35th pontoon-bridge battalion - Yaroslav, thiab ces Tarnavka; 4th Chemical Defense Battalion – Zamosc; 6th Heavy Tank Regiment - Chelm.

Thaum Lub Kaum Hli 10, 1944, General Rola-Zhimersky tau hais kom tsim cov chav tshiab thiab pom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thib peb uas twb muaj lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 3rd pontoon-bridge battalion raug tshem tawm los ntawm 3rd Polish Army, uas tau pauv mus rau 35th pontoon brigade los ntawm NDVP cia: 3rd anti-aircraft artillery division - Siedlce; 4th Heavy Artillery Brigade - Zamosc; 10th Anti-Tank Artillery Brigade - Krasnystav; 11th Mortar Regiment - Zamosc; 4th Measurement Intelligence Division – Zwierzyniec; 9th kev soj ntsuam thiab tshaj tawm lub tuam txhab - Tomaszow-Lubelski (ntawm lub hauv paus tub rog).

Ntxiv rau cov chav nyob saum toj no, 3rd AWP yuav tsum suav nrog ntau lwm cov kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ruaj ntseg me me: 5th kev sib txuas lus tub rog, 12th kev sib txuas lus battalion, 26th, 31st, 33rd, 35th kev sib txuas lus tuam txhab, 7th, 9th tsheb battalions. , 7th thiab 9th mobile tuam txhab uas muag, 8th txoj kev tu battalion, 13th choj tsev battalion, 15th txoj kev tsim battalion, raws li zoo raws li cadet tub ceev xwm chav kawm thiab tsev kawm ntawv nom tswv kev kawm cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Ntawm cov tau hais, tsuas yog 4th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division (4th DAPlot) nyob rau theem kawg ntawm kev tsim - thaum Lub Kaum Hli 25, 1944, nws tau mus txog lub xeev xyoo 2007 nrog rau cov neeg 2117. Lub 6th Heavy Tank Regiment, uas yog lub tebchaws Soviet, kuj tau npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, vim txhua yam khoom siv, suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov tub ceev xwm, tuaj ntawm Red Army. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 15, 1944, lwm qhov kev tsim ntawm Soviet tau xav kom koom nrog cov tub rog - 32nd Tank Brigade nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab khoom siv.

Cov seem yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm kos. Hnub xeem tiav yog teem rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 15, 1944. Qhov no yog ib qho yuam kev loj, txij li thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm 2nd Polish Army teeb meem tshwm sim uas ua rau nws ua tsis tau raws li lub sijhawm kawg. Hnub uas 2nd ARM yuav tsum tau mus ua haujlwm tag nrho, piv txwv li lub Cuaj Hlis 15, 1944, tsuas muaj 29 40 tus neeg nyob hauv. neeg - XNUMX% ua tiav.

General Karol Swierczewski tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm 3rd AWP. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 25, nws tau hais kom 2nd AWP thiab tawm mus rau Lublin, qhov twg hauv lub tsev ntawm txoj kev. Shpitalnaya 12 sib sau ua ke nyob ib ncig ntawm nws tus kheej ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tub ceev xwm uas tau teem rau ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov tub rog commander. Tom qab ntawd lawv mus rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub nroog npaj rau thaj tsam ntawm kev tsim cov units. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, General Swierczewski tau txiav txim siab hloov pauv cov lus txib ntawm 3rd AWP los ntawm Zwierzyniec mus rau Tomaszow-Lubelski thiab txiav txim siab siv cov chav nyob tom qab.

Cov thawj tswj hwm ntawm 3rd automated chaw ua hauj lwm tau tsim raws li tib lub sij hawm raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm 1st thiab 2nd automated chaw ua hauj lwm. Kev hais kom ua ntawm cov phom loj tau raug coj los ntawm Colonel Alexey Gryshkovsky, thiab cov lus txib ntawm cov tub rog armored tau coj los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm 1st Armored Brigade, Brig. Jan Mezitsana, cov tub rog engineering yuav tsum tau txib los ntawm Brig. Antony Germanovich, cov tub rog sib txuas lus - Colonel Romuald Malinovsky, chemical troops - Major Alexander Nedzimovsky, cov neeg ua haujlwm chav ua haujlwm tau coj los ntawm Colonel Alexander Kozhukh, lub quartermaster txoj haujlwm tau coj los ntawm Colonel Ignacy Shipitsa, cov tub rog kuj suav nrog Pawg Thawj Coj thiab Kev Kawm. hais kom ua - nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm ib tug loj. Mieczysław Schleien (Ph.D., communist activist, qub tub rog ntawm Spanish Civil War) thiab Tub Rog Tub Ceev Xwm, coj los ntawm Colonel Dmitry Voznesensky, tus tub ceev xwm tub rog tiv thaiv Soviet.

Lub teb chaws hais kom ua ntawm 3rd AWP muaj kev ywj pheej ruaj ntseg thiab cov neeg saib xyuas muaj xws li: lub tuam txhab 8th gendarmerie thiab 18 lub hauv paus chaw ua haujlwm tsheb tuam txhab; tus thawj ntawm artillery muaj nyob rau ntawm nws pov tseg lub 5th lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm artillery roj teeb, thiab Tub rog cov ntaub ntawv yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lub tuam txhab 10th ntawm cov ntaub ntawv unit. Tag nrho cov chav nyob saum toj no tau nyob ntawm tub rog lub hauv paus hauv paus hauv Tomaszow Lubelski. Cov tub rog cov lus txib kuj suav nrog kev xa ntawv, nyiaj txiag, kev cob qhia thiab kho tsev.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov lus txib thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm 3rd Polish Army, nrog rau cov kev pabcuam subordinate rau nws, tau mus qeeb tab sis tsis tu ncua. Txawm hais tias txog rau thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20, 1944, tsuas yog 58% ntawm cov thawj coj thiab cov thawj coj ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab kev faib tawm, tab sis qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho ntawm 3rd AWP.

Mobilization

Kev xa mus rau cov tub rog Polish tau pib nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev ywj pheej ntawm Lub Yim Hli 15, 1944 ntawm kev xaiv tsa hauv 1924, 1923, 1922 thiab 1921, nrog rau cov tub ceev xwm, tshwj tseg cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm, cov tswv cuab ntawm yav dhau los hauv av. cov koom haum tub rog, kws kho mob, tsav tsheb thiab ntau tus neeg tsim nyog tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau tub rog.

Kev koom tes thiab sau npe ntawm cov neeg sau npe yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Pabcuam Kev Ua Haujlwm (RKU), uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau lub nroog thiab lub nroog voivodship.

Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam uas qhov kev teeb tsa tau tshwm sim tau qhia txog tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau PKWN thiab suav tias yog tsoomfwv-hauv-txoj cai hauv London thiab nws pawg neeg sawv cev hauv lub tebchaws yog tib txoj cai raug cai. Nws qhov kev ntxub ntxaug tob rau cov neeg ntseeg tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev ua txhaum cai los ntawm NKVD tawm tsam cov tswv cuab ntawm Polish underground rau kev ywj pheej. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias thaum Pawg Tub Rog Hauv Tsev thiab lwm lub koom haum hauv av tau tshaj tawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, feem coob ntawm cov pejxeem tau txhawb nqa lawv cov pov npav. Ntxiv rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nom kev tswv, cov chav kawm ntawm kev txhawb nqa tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua phem ua rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm txhua RCU.

Qhov tsis muaj kev thauj mus los cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phiaj xwm kev teeb tsa hauv nroog nyob deb nroog los ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm ntxiv hauv cheeb tsam. Nws tseem tsis txaus los muab RKU nrog cov nyiaj, ntawv thiab cov neeg tsim nyog tsim nyog.

Tsis muaj ib tug tib neeg nyob rau hauv lub Kolbuszovsky poviat, uas yog subordinate rau RCU Tarnobrzeg. Tib yam tshwm sim hauv qee qhov powiats hauv RCU Yaroslav. Hauv thaj tsam ntawm RCU Siedlce, kwv yees li 40% ntawm cov tub rog tsis kam mus koom. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsawg dua cov neeg tuaj rau ntawm RKU tas li tshaj qhov xav tau. Qhov xwm txheej no ua rau muaj kev tsis ntseeg siab ntawm tub rog tub ceev xwm rau cov pej xeem, thiab cov neeg uas koom nrog pab tub rog tau raug kho raws li cov neeg tawg rog. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov qauv uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau tseg yog cov lus tim khawv ntawm ib qho ntawm cov qub tub rog ntawm 39th pab pawg ntawm 10th DP:

(...) thaum cov neeg Lavxias nkag mus thiab muaj kev ywj pheej xav tias muaj, nyob rau lub Rau Hli-Lub Xya Hli [1944], thiab tam sim ntawd thaum Lub Yim Hli muaj kev sib koom ua tub rog thiab 2nd Army tau tsim. Lub Yim Hli 16, twb tau hu ua tub rog. Tab sis qhov kev hu nws yog, tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm, tsuas yog cov ntawv tshaj tawm dai rau hauv tsev thiab tsuas yog phau ntawv xyoo yog xyoo 1909 txog 1926, yog li ntau xyoo tau mus ua tsov rog ib zaug. Muaj ib qho chaw sau hauv Rudki2, tom qab ntawd thaum yav tsaus ntuj peb raug coj los ntawm Rudka mus rau Drohobych. Peb tau coj los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias, cov tub rog Lavxias nrog phom. Peb nyob hauv Drohobych tau ob lub lis piam, vim tias muaj neeg coob coob tuaj sib sau ua ke, thiab ob lub lis piam tom qab ntawd peb tau tawm Drogobych mus rau Yaroslav. Nyob rau hauv Yaroslav peb tsis tau nres xwb tom qab Yaroslav nyob rau hauv Pelkin, nws yog xws li ib lub zos, peb tau muab tso rau ntawd. Tom qab ntawd, cov tub ceev xwm hauv cov khaub ncaws Polish tuaj ntawm qhov ntawd thiab txhua lub koom haum hais tias yuav tsum muaj pes tsawg tus tub rog thiab lawv xaiv peb. Lawv lined peb nyob rau hauv ob kab thiab xaiv qhov no, uas, uas, uas. Cov tub ceev xwm yuav tuaj xaiv lawv tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, ib tug tub ceev xwm, ib tug lieutenant, coj tsib ntawm peb mus rau hauv lub teeb artillery.

Thiab qhov ntawd yog li cas Cpr. Kazimierz Wozniak, uas tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv mortar roj teeb ntawm 25th Infantry Regiment ntawm 10th Infantry Division: Kev ua tub rog tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej pem hauv ntej, mus rau lub suab ntawm cov cannonade tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov nyob ze pem hauv ntej, lub suab nrov thiab xuav ntawm artillery thiab ya. foob ​​pob ua ntxaij. saum peb. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 11 [1944] peb twb nyob hauv Rzeszow lawm. Los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb mus rau lub barracks ntawm lub thib ob cia phom phom regiment4 peb nrog ib tug xav paub neeg coob coob ntawm cov pej xeem. Kuv kuj xav txog qhov xwm txheej tshiab tom qab hla lub rooj vag barracks. Kuv xav li cas rau kuv tus kheej, cov tub rog Polish, thiab cov lus txib ntawm Soviet, tau txiav txim siab qis tshaj plaws mus rau qib siab tshaj plaws. Cov no yog thawj qhov kev xav tsis thoob. Kuv kawm sai sai tias lub hwj chim feem ntau khi ua haujlwm ntau dua li qib. Txawm li cas los xij, kuv tau ntsib qhov no kuv tus kheej tom qab, thaum kuv ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntau zaus […] Tom qab ob peb teev nyob rau hauv lub barracks thiab muab peb tso rau ntawm liab qab bunks, peb tau ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob - ib tug ib txwm ua ntu zus ntawm tej yam thaum peb dhau los ntawm pej xeem mus rau tub rog. Cov chav kawm tsuas yog pib tam sim ntawd, raws li cov tuam tsev tshiab tau tsim thiab xav tau ntxiv 5.

Lwm qhov teeb meem yog tias cov ntawv sau cia, hauv kev sib zog ua kom muaj kev txaus siab rau cov tub rog, feem ntau nrhiav cov tsis haum rau kev pabcuam rau hauv pab tub rog. Ua li no, cov neeg uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam mob, tau nkag mus rau hauv chav tsev. Qhov tseeb coj txawv txawv uas lees paub txog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm RCU yog kev xa cov neeg hnyav uas raug mob los ntawm kev qaug dab peg lossis qhov muag tsis pom kev zoo mus rau 6th Tank Regiment.

Chav nyob thiab lawv qhov chaw

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm tactical unit nyob rau hauv lub 3rd Polish Army yog ib tug infantry division. Kev tsim ntawm Polish infantry Division yog raws li Soviet txoj hauj lwm ntawm Guards Rifle Division, uas tau hloov kho rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog Polish, nrog rau ntxiv kev saib xyuas cov xibhwb. Lub zog ntawm Soviet guards Division yog lub siab saturation ntawm tshuab rab phom thiab artillery, qhov tsis muaj zog yog tsis muaj anti-aircraft riam phom thiab tsis muaj kev thauj mus los. Raws li cov neeg ua hauj lwm lub rooj, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum muaj ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm 1260 tus tub ceev xwm, 3238 cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog-commissioned, 6839 tsis yog-commission tub ceev xwm, tag nrho ntawm 11 tus neeg.

Lub 6th Rifle Regiment tau tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm 1st Polish Army nyob rau hauv USSR, General Berling thaum Lub Xya Hli 5, 1944, suav nrog: cov lus txib thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, 14th, 16th, 18th rifle regiments (pp), 23rd light artillery regiment. (poob), 6th kev cob qhia battalion, 5th armored artillery squadron, 6th reconnaissance tuam txhab, 13th engineer battalion, 15th kev sib txuas lus tuam txhab, 6th chemical tuam txhab, 8th lub cev muaj zog tsheb tuam txhab, 7 -th field bakery, 6th huv battalion, 6th veterinary commands platoon, mobile uniformed rhiav, teb mail No. 3045, 1867 teb bank nyiaj ntsuab rooj, tub rog ntaub ntawv department.

Raws li cov phiaj xwm txhim kho ntawm Polish Army, 6th Infantry Division tau suav nrog 2nd AWP. Cov teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev teeb tsa chav ua haujlwm tau ua rau muaj kev ncua sij hawm tseem ceeb, vim tias qhov kev cia siab ua tiav hnub rau lub koom haum ntawm kev faib ua ke nrog rau hnub tsim ntawm 3rd AWP. Qhov no ua rau General Rola-Zymerski thim 6th Infantry Division los ntawm 2nd AWP thiab koom nrog 3rd AWP, uas tau tshwm sim rau 12 Lub Kaum Hli 1944.

Thaum Lub Xya Hli 24, 1944, Colonel Ivan Kostyachin, Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Lieutenant Colonel Stefan Zhukovsky thiab Quartermaster Lieutenant Colonel Maxim Titarenko tuaj txog hauv cheeb tsam tsim ntawm 6th Infantry Division. tsim ntawm 50th Infantry Division. Tsis ntev lawv tau koom nrog 4 tus tub ceev xwm uas tau xaiv los ua cov thawj coj hauv pawg thiab ib pab pawg neeg ntiag tug. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1944, General Gennady Ilyich Sheipak ​​tuaj txog, uas tau tswj hwm kev faib thiab tuav nws mus txog thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Thaum lub Yim Hli 50, kev thauj khoom loj dua nrog tib neeg pib tuaj txog, yog li kev tsim cov tub rog tub rog pib. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Yim Hli, chav tsev tau mus txog 34% ntawm tus lej muab rau hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm cov neeg ntiag tug, muaj qhov tsis txaus siab hauv cov tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm, uas tsis tshaj 15% ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua, thiab hauv cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm tsuas yog XNUMX% ntawm cov haujlwm tsis tu ncua.

Thaum pib, 6th Infantry Division tau nyob hauv Zhitomir-Barashuvka-Bogun cheeb tsam. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 12, 1944, tau txiav txim siab los muab pawg 6th Infantry Division hauv Przemysl. Raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm General Sverchevsky, lub regrouping coj qhov chaw los ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 23 mus rau lub Cuaj hlis 5, 1944. Lub faib tau tsiv mus rau lub tshiab garrison los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau. Lub tsev hauv paus, lub tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav, tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus thiab cov tub rog kho mob tau nyob hauv cov tsev nyob ntawm txoj kev. Mickiewicz hauv Przemysl. Lub 14th Infantry Regiment tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov zos ntawm Zhuravitsa thiab Lipovitsa, lub 16th thiab 18th Infantry Regiments thiab, nrog rau lwm yam cais units, tau nyob rau hauv barracks nyob rau hauv Zasanie - sab qaum teb ib feem ntawm Przemysl. ceg txheem ntseeg thib 23 tau nyob hauv lub zos Pikulice, sab qab teb ntawm lub nroog.

Tom qab rov sib sau ua ke rau lub Cuaj Hlis 15, 1944, 6th Rifle Division tau lees paub tias yog tsim thiab pib ua kev tawm dag zog. Qhov tseeb, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntxiv cov xwm txheej ntawm tus kheej txuas ntxiv mus. Qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub ceev xwm tsis tu ncua tsuas yog 50% txaus siab. Rau qee qhov, qhov no tau cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau tshaj ntawm cov txiv neej enlisted, ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem raug nce mus rau tub ceev xwm hauv chav kawm. Txawm hais tias muaj qhov tsis txaus, 6th Rifle Division yog qhov ua tiav tshaj plaws ntawm 3rd Polish Army, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov txheej txheem ntawm nws tsim nyob rau plaub lub hlis ntev dua li lwm qhov peb pawg hauv pab tub rog.

Lub 10th phom loj muaj xws li: hais kom ua thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm, 25th, 27th, 29th phom loj regiment, 39th pawg, 10th kev cob qhia battalion, 13th armored artillery squadron, 10th reconnaissance tuam txhab, 21st engineer battalion, 19th tsheb tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus, 9th tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus. tuam txhab, 15th field bakery, 11th sanitary battalion, 12th veterinary ambulance, artillery control platoon, mobile uniform Rhiav, field post No. 10. 3065, 1886. Field bank cash desk, department of military information. Colonel Andrei Afanasyevich Czartorozhsky yog tus thawj coj ntawm pawg.

Lub koom haum ntawm 10th Infantry Division tau tshwm sim hauv Rzeszów thiab nws ib puag ncig. Vim tsis muaj qhov chaw kho kom haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog, cov chav nyob tau quartered nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog. Cov lus txib ntawm kev faib khoom nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm Zamkova Street, 3. Lub hauv paus chaw haujlwm ntawm 25th Infantry Regiment tau nyob hauv lub tsev ntawm lub tsev ua ntej ua tsov ua rog rau Lub Tsib Hlis 1, 1st battalion tau nyob hauv cov tsev nyob ntawm txoj kev. Lvovskaya, 2nd battalion ntawm txoj kev. Koleeva, 3rd battalion nyob tom qab ntawm txoj kev. Zamkov. Lub 27th Infantry Regiment tau tsim los ntawm cov cuab yeej ua ntej ua tsov ua rog Polish Ambassador rau Fabkis, Alfred Chlapowski, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Slochina (tsis ntev tom qab nws tsim, lub 2nd Battalion ntawm no regiment tsiv mus rau lub barracks ntawm Lwowska Street nyob rau hauv Rzeszow). Lub 29th brigade tau nyob rau hauv lub thiaj li hu. barracks ntawm st. Baldakhovka (nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Lub kaum hli ntuj, lub 1st battalion tsiv mus rau ib tug tenement tsev ntawm Lvovskaya Street). Lub 39th pawg tau nyob raws li hauv qab no: lub tsev hauv paus hauv lub tsev ntawm txoj kev. Semiradsky, 1st squadron nyob rau hauv lub tsev nyob ze ntawm tus choj ntawm Wisloka, 2nd tub rog nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv lub tsev ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, 3rd squadron nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm lub qub qe cellar ntawm txoj kev. Lvov.

Raws li txoj kev npaj, 10th Infantry Division yuav tsum ua kom tiav nws txoj kev tsim thaum lub Kaum Hlis 1944, tab sis nws tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau nws. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1, 1944, pawg neeg ua haujlwm yog: 374 tus tub ceev xwm, 554 tus tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm thiab 3686 tus kheej, piv txwv li. 40,7% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov hnub tom ntej no lub tuam txhab tau txais cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg ntiag tug, txawm tias mus dhau qhov kev txwv tsis tu ncua, tseem tsis muaj cov tub ceev xwm txaus thiab cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm. Txog rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 20, 1944, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ceev xwm yog 39% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, thiab cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog-commissioned - 26,7%. Qhov no tsawg dhau los xav txog qhov kev faib tsim

thiab haum rau kev sib ntaus sib tua.

Lub 11th phom loj muaj xws li: cov lus txib thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm, 20th, 22nd, 24th phom, 42nd pawg, 11th kev cob qhia battalions, 9th armored artillery squadron, 11th reconnaissance tuam txhab, 22 -th sapper battalion, 17th tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus, 8th tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus. Lub tuam txhab thauj, 16th field bakery, 11th sanitary battalion, 13th veterinary outpatient clinic, artillery headquarters platoon, mobile uniform Rhiav, field mail No. 11, 3066 field bank cash desk, reference department of the tub rog.